The Capetian dynasty (; french: Capétiens), also known as the House of France, is a dynasty of

Frankish Frankish may refer to: * Franks, a Germanic tribe and their culture ** Frankish language or its modern descendants, Franconian languages * Francia, a post-Roman state in France and Germany * East Francia, the successor state to Francia in Germany ...

origin, and a branch of the Robertians. It is among the largest and oldest royal houses in Europe and the world, and consists of Hugh Capet, the founder of the dynasty, and his male-line descendants, who ruled in France without interruption from 987 to 1792, and again from 1814 to 1848. The senior line ruled in France as the House of Capet from the election of Hugh Capet in 987 until the death of Charles IV in 1328. That line was succeeded by

cadet branch In history and heraldry, a cadet branch consists of the male-line descendants of a monarch's or patriarch's younger sons ( cadets). In the ruling dynasties and noble families of much of Europe and Asia, the family's major assets—realm, titles ...

es, the Houses of Valois and then

Bourbon Bourbon may refer to: Food and drink * Bourbon whiskey, an American whiskey made using a corn-based mash * Bourbon barrel aged beer, a type of beer aged in bourbon barrels * Bourbon biscuit, a chocolate sandwich biscuit * A beer produced by B ...

, which ruled without interruption until the French Revolution abolished the monarchy in 1792. The Bourbons were restored in 1814 in the aftermath of Napoleon's defeat, but had to vacate the throne again in 1830 in favor of the last Capetian monarch of France,

Louis Philippe I Louis Philippe (6 October 1773 – 26 August 1850) was King of the French from 1830 to 1848, and the penultimate monarch of France. As Louis Philippe, Duke of Chartres, he distinguished himself commanding troops during the Revolutionary War ...

, who belonged to the House of Orléans. Cadet branches of the Capetian House of Bourbon house are still ruling over Spain and Luxembourg. The dynasty had a crucial role in the formation of the French state. Initially obeyed only in their own

demesne A demesne ( ) or domain was all the land retained and managed by a lord of the manor under the feudal system for his own use, occupation, or support. This distinguished it from land sub-enfeoffed by him to others as sub-tenants. The concept ori ...

, the Île-de-France, the Capetian kings slowly but steadily increased their power and influence until it grew to cover the entirety of their realm. For a detailed narration on the growth of French royal power, see ''

Crown lands of France The crown lands, crown estate, royal domain or (in French) ''domaine royal'' (from demesne) of France were the lands, fiefs and rights directly possessed by the kings of France. While the term eventually came to refer to a territorial unit, the ...

''. Members of the dynasty were traditionally Catholic, and the early Capetians had an alliance with the

Church Church may refer to: Religion * Church (building), a building for Christian religious activities * Church (congregation), a local congregation of a Christian denomination * Church service, a formalized period of Christian communal worship * Chri ...

. The French were also the most active participants in the Crusades, culminating in a series of five Crusader kings –

Louis VII Louis VII (1120 – 18 September 1180), called the Younger, or the Young (french: link=no, le Jeune), was King of the Franks from 1137 to 1180. He was the son and successor of King Louis VI (hence the epithet "the Young") and married Duchess ...

Philip Augustus Philip II (21 August 1165 – 14 July 1223), byname Philip Augustus (french: Philippe Auguste), was King of France from 1180 to 1223. His predecessors had been known as kings of the Franks, but from 1190 onward, Philip became the first French ...

, Louis VIII, Louis IX, and Philip III. The Capetian alliance with the papacy suffered a severe blow after the disaster of the

Aragonese Crusade The Aragonese Crusade or Crusade of Aragon, a part of the larger War of the Sicilian Vespers, was declared by Pope Martin IV against King Peter III of Aragon in 1284 and 1285. Because of the recent conquest of Sicily by Peter, Martin declar ...

. Philip III's son and successor, Philip IV, humiliated Pope Boniface VIII and brought the papacy under French control. The later Valois, starting with

Francis I Francis I or Francis the First may refer to: * Francesco I Gonzaga (1366–1407) * Francis I, Duke of Brittany (1414–1450), reigned 1442–1450 * Francis I of France (1494–1547), King of France, reigned 1515–1547 * Francis I, Duke of Saxe-Lau ...

, ignored religious differences and allied with the

Ottoman sultan The sultans of the Ottoman Empire ( tr, Osmanlı padişahları), who were all members of the Ottoman dynasty (House of Osman), ruled over the transcontinental empire from its perceived inception in 1299 to its dissolution in 1922. At its hei ...

to counter the growing power of the Holy Roman Empire. Henry IV was a Protestant at the time of his accession, but realized the necessity of conversion after four years of religious warfare. The Capetians generally enjoyed a harmonious family relationship. By tradition, younger sons and brothers of the king of France were given

appanage An appanage, or apanage (; french: apanage ), is the grant of an estate, title, office or other thing of value to a younger child of a sovereign, who would otherwise have no inheritance under the system of primogeniture. It was common in much o ...

s for them to maintain their rank and to dissuade them from claiming the French crown itself. When Capetian cadets did aspire for kingship, their ambitions were directed not at the French throne, but at foreign thrones. As a result, the Capetians have reigned at different times in the kingdoms of Spain, Poland,

Aragon Aragon ( , ; Spanish and an, Aragón ; ca, Aragó ) is an autonomous community in Spain, coextensive with the medieval Kingdom of Aragon. In northeastern Spain, the Aragonese autonomous community comprises three provinces (from north to sou ...

, Portugal,

Navarre Navarre (; es, Navarra ; eu, Nafarroa ), officially the Chartered Community of Navarre ( es, Comunidad Foral de Navarra, links=no ; eu, Nafarroako Foru Komunitatea, links=no ), is a foral autonomous community and province in northern Spain, ...

, and as emperors of the Brazilian and Latin empires. In modern times, King

Felipe VI of Spain Felipe VI (;, * eu, Felipe VI.a, * ca, Felip VI, * gl, Filipe VI, . Felipe Juan Pablo Alfonso de Todos los Santos de Borbón y Grecia; born 30 January 1968) is King of Spain. He is the son of former King Juan Carlos I and Queen Sofía, and h ...

is a member of this family, while Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg is of relation to the family by

agnatic kinship Patrilineality, also known as the male line, the spear side or agnatic kinship, is a common kinship system in which an individual's family membership derives from and is recorded through their father's lineage. It generally involves the inheritanc ...

; both through the Bourbon branch of the dynasty. Along with the House of Habsburg, arguably its greatest historic rival, it was one of the two oldest European royal dynasties. It was also one of the most powerful royal families in European history, having played a pre-eminent role in its politics for much of its existence.

Name origins and usage

The name of the dynasty derives from its founder, Hugh, who was known as "Hugh Capet". The meaning of "Capet" (a nickname rather than a surname of the modern sort) is unknown. While folk etymology identifies it with "cape", other suggestions indicate it might be connected to the Latin word ''caput'' ("head"), and explain it as meaning "chief" or "head". Historians in the

19th century The 19th (nineteenth) century began on 1 January 1801 ( MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 ( MCM). The 19th century was the ninth century of the 2nd millennium. The 19th century was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolish ...

(see House of France) came to apply the name "Capetian" to both the ruling house of France and to the wider-spread male-line descendants of Hugh Capet. It was not a contemporary practice. The name "Capet" has also been used as a surname for French royalty, particularly but not exclusively those of the House of Capet. One notable use was during the French Revolution, when the dethroned King Louis XVI (a member of the

House of Bourbon The House of Bourbon (, also ; ) is a European dynasty of French origin, a branch of the Capetian dynasty, the royal House of France. Bourbon kings first ruled France and Navarre in the 16th century. By the 18th century, members of the Spanis ...

and a direct male-line descendant of Hugh Capet) and

Queen Marie Antoinette Marie Antoinette Josèphe Jeanne (; ; née Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna; 2 November 1755 – 16 October 1793) was the last queen of France before the French Revolution. She was born an archduchess of Austria, and was the penultimate child and ...

(a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine) were referred to as "Louis and Antoinette Capet" (the queen being addressed as "the Widow Capet" after the execution of her husband).

Capetian miracle

The Capetian Miracle () refers to the dynasty's ability to attain and hold onto the French crown. In 987, Hugh Capet was elected to succeed

Louis V Louis V may refer to: * Louis V of France (967–987) * Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor and V of Germany (1282–1347) * Louis V, Duke of Bavaria (1315–1361) * Louis V, Elector Palatine (ruled 1508–1544) * Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt L ...

of the

Carolingian The Carolingian dynasty (; known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolingus, Carolings, Karolinger or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family named after Charlemagne, grandson of mayor Charles Martel and a descendant of the Arnulfing and Pippin ...

dynasty that had ruled France for over three centuries. By a process of associating elder sons with them in the kingship, the early Capetians established the hereditary succession in their family and transformed a theoretically electoral kingship into a sacral one. By the time of Philip II Augustus, who became king in 1180, the Capetian hold on power was so strong that the practice of associate kingship was dropped. While the Capetian monarchy began as one of the weakest in Europe, drastically eclipsed by the new Anglo-Norman realm in England (who, as dukes of Normandy, were technically their vassals) and even other great lords of France, the political value of orderly succession in the Middle Ages cannot be overstated. The orderly succession of power from father to son over such a long period of time meant that the French monarchs, who originally were essentially just the direct rulers of the Île-de-France, were able to preserve and extend their power, while over the course of centuries the great peers of the realm would eventually lose their power in one succession crisis or another. By comparison, the Crusader

Kingdom of Jerusalem The Kingdom of Jerusalem ( la, Regnum Hierosolymitanum; fro, Roiaume de Jherusalem), officially known as the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem or the Frankish Kingdom of Palestine,Example (title of works): was a Crusader state that was establish ...

was constantly beset with internal succession disputes because each generation only produced female heirs who tended to die young. Even the English monarchy encountered severe succession crises, such as The Anarchy of the 1120s between Stephen and Matilda, and the murder of

Arthur I, Duke of Brittany Arthur I ( br, Arzhur 1añ; french: link=no, Arthur 1er de Bretagne) (29 March 1187 – presumably 1203) was 4th Earl of Richmond and Duke of Brittany between 1196 and 1203. He was the posthumous son of Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany, and Consta ...

, the primogeniture heir of Richard I of England. The latter case would deal a severe blow to the prestige of King John, leading to the eventual destruction of Angevin hegemony in France. In contrast, the French kings were able to maintain uncontested father-to-son succession from the time of Hugh Capet until the succession crisis which began the

Hundred Years' War The Hundred Years' War (; 1337–1453) was a series of armed conflicts between the kingdoms of England and France during the Late Middle Ages. It originated from disputed claims to the French throne between the English House of Planta ...

of the 14th century.

The Robertians and before

The dynastic surname now used to describe Hugh Capet's family prior to his election as King of France is "Robertians" or "Robertines." The name is derived from the family's first certain ancestor, Robert the Strong (b. 820), the count of Paris. Robert was probably son of Robert III of Worms (b. 800) and grandson of

Robert of Hesbaye Robert II (Rodbert, Chrodobert) (died 12 July 807) was a Frankish nobleman who was count of Worms and of Rheingau and count of Hesbaye around the year 800. It has been proposed that he is the father of Robert III of Worms, and the earliest-known ...

(b. 770). The Robertians probably originated in the county Hesbaye, around Tongeren in modern-day Belgium. The sons of Robert the Strong were

Odo Odo or ODO may refer to: People * Odo, a given name; includes a list of people and fictional characters with the name * Franklin Odo (born 1939), Japanese-American historian * Seikichi Odo (1927–2002), Japanese karateka * Yuya Odo (born 1990 ...

and

Robert The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honou ...

, who both ruled as king of Western Francia. The family became

Counts of Paris Count of Paris () was a title for the local magnate of the district around Paris in Carolingian times. After Hugh Capet was elected King of France in 987, the title merged into the crown and fell into disuse. However, it was later revived by the ...

under Odo and Dukes of the Franks under Robert, possessing large parts of

Neustria Neustria was the western part of the Kingdom of the Franks. Neustria included the land between the Loire and the Silva Carbonaria, approximately the north of present-day France, with Paris, Orléans, Tours, Soissons as its main cities. It late ...

. In the late 9th century, King Robert I, grandfather of Hugh Capet, married

Beatrice of Vermandois Beatrice of Vermandois ( – after 26 March 931) was a Carolingian aristocrat, queen of Western Francia by marriage to Robert I, and mother of Hugh the Great. Life Beatrice was the daughter of Herbert I, Count of Vermandois. She was also the sis ...

, a direct descendent of

Charlemagne Charlemagne ( , ) or Charles the Great ( la, Carolus Magnus; german: Karl der Große; 2 April 747 – 28 January 814), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and the first Em ...

, thus making the Capetian dynasty a cadet branch of the

Carolingian dynasty The Carolingian dynasty (; known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolingus, Carolings, Karolinger or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family named after Charlemagne, grandson of mayor Charles Martel and a descendant of the Arnulfing and Pippin ...

.Detlev Schwennicke, ''Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten'', Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafeln 10, 11Pierre Riché, ''The Carolingians; A Family Who Forged Europe'', trans. Michael Idomir Allen (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993), pp. 371, 375 The Carolingian dynasty ceased to rule France upon the death of

. After the death of Louis V, the son of Hugh the Great, Hugh Capet, was elected by the nobility as king of France. Hugh was crowned at

Noyon Noyon (; pcd, Noéyon; la, Noviomagus Veromanduorum, Noviomagus of the Veromandui, then ) is a commune in the Oise department, northern France. Geography Noyon lies on the river Oise, about northeast of Paris. The Oise Canal and the Canal ...

on 3 July 987 with the full support from Holy Roman Emperor Otto III. With Hugh's coronation, a new era began for France, and his descendants came to be named the ''Capetians,'' with the Capetian dynasty and its cadet branches such as the

House of Valois The Capetian house of Valois ( , also , ) was a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. They succeeded the House of Capet (or "Direct Capetians") to the List of French monarchs, French throne, and were the royal house of France from 1328 to 1589 ...

ruling France for more than 800 years (987–1848, with some interruptions.

Robertian family branches

*Rodbert ** Ingerman of Hesbaye *** Ermengarde of Hesbaye, wife of

Louis the Pious Louis the Pious (german: Ludwig der Fromme; french: Louis le Pieux; 16 April 778 – 20 June 840), also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aqui ...

Cancor Cancor (died 771) was a Frankish count associated with Lorsch Abbey. He was son of a noble lady Williswinda. As her only known husband before she was widowed was named Robert, it has been proposed that Cancor was son to Robert I, Count of Hesbaye, ...

, founder of the

Lorsch Abbey Lorsch Abbey, otherwise the Imperial Abbey of Lorsch (german: Reichsabtei Lorsch; la, Laureshamense Monasterium or ''Laurissa''), is a former Imperial abbey in Lorsch, Germany, about east of Worms. It was one of the most renowned monasteries ...

***Heimrich (−795), count in the Lahngau ****

Poppo of Grapfeld Poppo I (died 839–841) was a Frankish count in the Grapfeld (Grabfeld) from 819–839. As a grandson of Heimrich, Count in the Upper Rheingau, he was a descendant of the Robertian count Cancor, and therefore a member of the Frankish House of ...

(−839/41), ancestor of the Frankish

House of Babenberg The House of Babenberg was a noble dynasty of Austrian Dukes and Margraves. Originally from Bamberg in the Duchy of Franconia (present-day Bavaria), the Babenbergs ruled the imperial Margraviate of Austria from its creation in 976 AD until its ...

**Landrada *** Saint Chrodogang, Archbishop of Metz, Abbot of the

*** Robert III of Worms **** Robert the Strong *****

, king of Western Francia *****Richildis, married to a count of Troyes *****

, king of Western Francia ****** Emma, married Rudolph of Burgundy ******Adela, married

Herbert II, Count of Vermandois Herbert II (died 23 February 943), Count of Vermandois, Count of Meaux, and Count of Soissons. He was the first to exercise power over the territory that became the province of Champagne. Life Herbert was the son of Herbert I of Vermandois. He ...

****** Hugh the Great ******* Hugh Capet, founder House of Capet ******** Hadwig, married

Reginar IV, Count of Mons Reginar IV, Count of Mons, in Hainaut, (c. 950–1013) was the son of Reginar III who died in exile in Bohemia in 973. Lambert I of Leuven was his brother. History His father Reginar III was exiled in 958 as a rebel, by Otto I, Holy Roman Empero ...

******** Robert II *******Otto-Henry *******Odo *******Beatrix, married Frederick of Bar *******Emma, married Richard I of Normandy ******* Herbert, bishop of

Auxerre Auxerre ( , ) is the capital of the Yonne department and the fourth-largest city in Burgundy. Auxerre's population today is about 35,000; the urban area (''aire d'attraction'') comprises roughly 113,000 inhabitants. Residents of Auxerre are ref ...

Capetians through history

Over the succeeding centuries, Capetians spread throughout Europe, ruling every form of provincial unit from

kingdoms Kingdom commonly refers to: * A monarchy ruled by a king or queen * Kingdom (biology), a category in biological taxonomy Kingdom may also refer to: Arts and media Television * ''Kingdom'' (British TV series), a 2007 British television drama s ...

to manors.

Salic law

Salic law, reestablished during the

from an ancient

tradition, caused the French monarchy to permit only male (

agnatic Patrilineality, also known as the male line, the spear side or agnatic kinship, is a common kinship system in which an individual's family membership derives from and is recorded through their father's lineage. It generally involves the inheritanc ...

) descendants of Hugh to succeed to the throne of France. Without Salic law, upon the death of John I, the crown would have passed to his half-sister, Joan (later Joan II of Navarre). However, Joan's paternity was suspect due to her mother's adultery in the Tour de Nesle Affair; the French magnates adopted Salic law to avoid the succession of a possible bastard. In 1328, King

Charles IV of France Charles IV (18/19 June 1294 – 1 February 1328), called the Fair (''le Bel'') in France and the Bald (''el Calvo'') in Navarre, was last king of the direct line of the House of Capet, King of France and King of Navarre (as Charles I) from 1322 ...

died without male heirs, as his brothers did before him.

Philip of Valois Philip VI (french: Philippe; 1293 – 22 August 1350), called the Fortunate (french: le Fortuné, link=no) or the Catholic (french: le Catholique, link=no) and of Valois, was the first king of France from the House of Valois, reigning from 1328 ...

, the late king's first cousin acted as regent, pending the birth of the king's posthumous child, which proved to be a girl. Isabella of France, sister of Charles IV, claimed the throne for her son, Edward III of England. The English king did not find support among the French lords, who made Philip of Valois their king. From then on the French succession not only excluded females but also rejected claims based on the female line of descent. Thus the French crown passed from the House of Capet after the death of Charles IV to Philip VI of France of the

, a

of the Capetian dynasty, *then to Louis II, Duke of Orléans, of the Orléans branch of the Valois, who became

Louis XII of France Louis XII (27 June 14621 January 1515), was List of French monarchs, King of France from 1498 to 1515 and King of Naples from 1501 to 1504. The son of Charles, Duke of Orléans, and Maria of Cleves, he succeeded his 2nd cousin once removed and b ...

, *then to Francis, Duke of Valois, Count of Angoulème, who became Francis I of France, and his descendants, of the Orléans-Angoulème, *then to Henry III of Navarre, who became Henry IV of France, of the

, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. This did not affect monarchies not under that law such as Portugal, Spain,

, and various smaller duchies and counties. Therefore, many royal families appear and disappear in the French succession or become cadet branches upon marriage. A complete list of the senior-most line of Capetians is available

below Below may refer to: *Earth * Ground (disambiguation) *Soil *Floor * Bottom (disambiguation) *Less than *Temperatures below freezing *Hell or underworld People with the surname *Ernst von Below (1863–1955), German World War I general *Fred Below ...

Capetian cadet branches

The Capetian Dynasty has been broken many times into (sometimes rival) cadet branches. A cadet branch is a line of descent from another line than the senior-most. This list of cadet branches shows most of the Capetian cadet lines and designating their royal French progenitor, although some sub-branches are not shown. * Hugh Capet ** Robert II of France *** Henry I of France ****

Philip I of France Philip I (23 May 1052 – 29 July 1108), called the Amorous, was King of the Franks from 1060 to 1108. His reign, like that of most of the early Capetians, was extraordinarily long for the time. The monarchy began a modest recovery from the low it ...

***** Louis VI of France ****** Louis VII of France *******

Philip II of France Philip II (21 August 1165 – 14 July 1223), byname Philip Augustus (french: Philippe Auguste), was King of France from 1180 to 1223. His predecessors had been known as kings of the Franks, but from 1190 onward, Philip became the first French ...

******** Louis VIII of France *********

Louis IX of France Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), commonly known as Saint Louis or Louis the Saint, was King of France from 1226 to 1270, and the most illustrious of the Direct Capetians. He was crowned in Reims at the age of 12, following the ...

********** Philip III of France *********** Philip IV of France *********** Blason comte fr Valois

*********** Blason ville fr Mortain (Manche)

House of Évreux The House of Évreux was a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty, the royal house of France, which flourished from the beginning of the 14th century to the mid 15th century. It became the royal house of the Kingdom of Navarre. The House was founded ...

********** Blason comte fr Clermont (Bourbon)

*********

House of Artois The House of Artois was a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty, descended from Louis VIII the Lion, King of France, through his younger son, Robert (1216 † 1250). Robert received the County of Artois as appanage in his father's will. In 1297, ...

*********

House of Anjou Angevin or House of Anjou may refer to: *County of Anjou or Duchy of Anjou, a historical county, and later Duchy, in France ** Angevin (language), the traditional langue d'oïl spoken in Anjou **Counts and Dukes of Anjou *House of Ingelger, a Frank ...

******

House of Dreux The House of Dreux was a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. It was founded by Robert I, Count of Dreux, a son of Louis VI of France, who was given the County of Dreux as his appanage. The Counts of Dreux were relatively minor nobles in Franc ...

******

House of Courtenay **** Armoiries Vermandois

House of Vermandois *** Blason Ducs Bourgogne (ancien)

House of Burgundy The House of Burgundy () was a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty, descending from Robert I, Duke of Burgundy, a younger son of King Robert II of France. The House ruled the Duchy of Burgundy from 1032–1361 and achieved the recognized title ...

Descendants of Philip III of France

(1293–1498) ** House of Valois-Orléans (1392–1515) *** House of Orléans-Angoulême (1407–1589) **

House of Valois-Anjou The House of Valois-Anjou (, it, Casa Valois-Angiò) was a noble French family and cadet branch of the House of Valois. Members of the house served as monarchs of Naples, as well as several other territories. History The house was founded in the ...

(1356–1481) ** House of Valois-Burgundy (1364–1477) *** House of Burgundy-Brabant (1404–1430) *** House of Burgundy-Nevers (1404–1491) ** House of Valois-Alençon (1325–1525) *

(1303–1400) ** House of Évreux-Navarre (1328–1425)

Descendants of
Louis IX of France Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), commonly known as Saint Louis or Louis the Saint, was King of France from 1226 to 1270, and the most illustrious of the Direct Capetians. He was crowned in Reims at the age of 12, following the ...

(1268–1503) ** House of Bourbon-Montpensier, counts (1443–1527) **

House of Bourbon-La Marche The House of Bourbon (, also ; ) is a European dynasty of French origin, a branch of the Capetian dynasty, the royal House of France. Bourbon kings first ruled France and Navarre in the 16th century. By the 18th century, members of the Spanish ...

(1356–1438) *** House of Bourbon-Vendôme (became Royal House of France in 1589) ****

(1775–1883) **** House of Bourbon, Spanish branch (1700–present) *****

Carlists Carlism ( eu, Karlismo; ca, Carlisme; ; ) is a Traditionalist and Legitimist political movement in Spain aimed at establishing an alternative branch of the Bourbon dynasty – one descended from Don Carlos, Count of Molina (1788–1855) – ...

(1819–1936) ***** Alfonsines (1819–present) ******

House of Bourbon-Anjou The Spanish royal family consists of King Felipe VI, Queen Letizia, their children (Leonor, Princess of Asturias and Infanta Sofía of Spain), and Felipe's parents, King Juan Carlos I and Queen Sofía. The royal family lives at Zarzuela Palace ...

(1933–present) ****** House of Bourbon, Spanish royal family (1933–present) ***** House of Bourbon-Seville (1823–) ***** House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (1751–present) ***** House of Bourbon-Braganza (1752–1979) ***** House of Bourbon-Parma (1748–present) ****** Parma-Luxembourg, called House of Nassau-Weilburg (1919–present) **** House of Orléans (1661–) ***** Orléans-Nemours, then (1891)

House of Orléans-Braganza The House of Orléans-Braganza ( Portuguese: ''Casa de Orléans e Bragança'') is a Brazilian noble house of Portuguese and French origin.Podesta, Don. 20 April 1993Claimants Dream of New Brazilian Monarchy It is a cadet branch of the House of ...

(1864–present) ****** Orléans-Alençon (1844–1970) ***** Orléans-Aumale (1822–1872) ***** Orléans-Montpensier, then House of Orléans-Galliera (1824–present) ****

House of Bourbon-Condé A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condit ...

(1557–1830) ***** House of Bourbon-Conti (1629–1814) ***** House of Bourbon-Soissons (1569–1641) **** House of Bourbon-Montpensier, dukes (1477–1608) *** House of Bourbon-Carency (1393–1520) **** House of Bourbon-Duisant (1457–1530) *** House of Bourbon-Preaux (1385–1429)

Descendants of Louis VIII of France

(1237–1472) *

(initially ruling house of Sicily, then of Naples, became ruling house of Hungary) (1247–1382) ** House of Anjou-Naples (1309–1343) ** House of Anjou–Taranto (1294–1374) ** House of Anjou–Durazzo (1309–1414)

Descendants of Louis VI of France

(1137–1345) ** Breton House of Dreux (1213–1341) *** House of Montfort (1322–1488) *

Capetian House of Courtenay The Capetian House of Courtenay, also known simply as the House of Courtenay, was a royal house and cadet branch of the direct House of Capet, also known as the Royal House of France. Founded by Peter I of Courtenay, a son of King Louis VI of Fran ...

(1150–1727) ** Capetian House of Courtenay – Latin Emperors of Constantinople (1217–1283)

Descendants of Henry I of France

Capetian House of Vermandois The Count of Vermandois was the ruler of the county of Vermandois. Beneficiary counts of Vermandois * Leodegar, Count of Vermandois (c. 484). * Emerannus (c. 511), son of previous. * Wagon I (c. 550). * Wagon II (c. 600), son of previous. * B ...

(1085–1212)

Descendants of Robert II of France

(1032–1361) ** Portuguese House of Burgundy (1109–1383) *** '' House of Aviz'' (1385–1580) – illegitimate male-line descent from Burgundy **** '' House of Braganza'' (1442–present) – illegitimate male-line descent from Aviz ***** '' House of Cadaval'' (1645–present), the male line went extinct in 2001

Sovereigns from the Capetian dynasty

Latin Empire

Peter Peter may refer to: People * List of people named Peter, a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Peter (given name) ** Saint Peter (died 60s), apostle of Jesus, leader of the early Christian Church * Peter (surname), a s ...

(1216–1217) *

(1219–1228) * Baldwin II (1228–1273, exiled in 1261) *

Philip I Philip(p) I may refer to: * Philip I of Macedon (7th century BC) * Philip I Philadelphus (between 124 and 109 BC–83 or 75 BC) * Philip the Arab (c. 204–249), Roman Emperor * Philip I of France (1052–1108) * Philip I (archbishop of Cologne) ...

(1273–1283) *

Catherine I Catherine I ( rus, Екатери́на I Алексе́евна Миха́йлова, Yekaterína I Alekséyevna Mikháylova; born , ; – ) was the second wife and empress consort of Peter the Great, and Empress Regnant of Russia from 1725 un ...

(1283–1307) *

Catherine II , en, Catherine Alexeievna Romanova, link=yes , house = , father = Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst , mother = Joanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp , birth_date = , birth_name = Princess Sophie of Anhal ...

(1307–1346) * Robert II (1346–1364) *

Philip II Philip II may refer to: * Philip II of Macedon (382–336 BC) * Philip II (emperor) (238–249), Roman emperor * Philip II, Prince of Taranto (1329–1374) * Philip II, Duke of Burgundy (1342–1404) * Philip II, Duke of Savoy (1438-1497) * Philip ...

(1364–1374)

Kingdom of Albania

Charles I Charles I may refer to: Kings and emperors * Charlemagne (742–814), numbered Charles I in the lists of Holy Roman Emperors and French kings * Charles I of Anjou (1226–1285), also king of Albania, Jerusalem, Naples and Sicily * Charles I of ...

(1272–1285) * Charles II (1285–1294) * Philip (1294–1331) *

(1331–1332) * John (1332–1336) *

Charles III Charles III (Charles Philip Arthur George; born 14 November 1948) is King of the United Kingdom and the 14 other Commonwealth realms. He was the longest-serving heir apparent and Prince of Wales and, at age 73, became the oldest person to a ...

(1336–1348) * Joan I (1348–1368) * Louis (1376–1383)

Kingdom of Etruria The Kingdom of Etruria (; it, Regno di Etruria) was an Italian kingdom between 1801 and 1807 that made up a large part of modern Tuscany. It took its name from Etruria, the old Roman name for the land of the Etruscans. History The kingdom ...

* Louis (1801–1803) * Charles Louis (1803–1807)

Kingdom of France

* Hugh (987–996) * Robert II (996–1031) *

Henry I Henry I may refer to: 876–1366 * Henry I the Fowler, King of Germany (876–936) * Henry I, Duke of Bavaria (died 955) * Henry I of Austria, Margrave of Austria (died 1018) * Henry I of France (1008–1060) * Henry I the Long, Margrave of the N ...

(1031–1060) *

(1060–1108) * Louis VI (1108–1137) *

(1137–1180) *

(1180–1223) * Louis VIII (1223–1226) * Louis IX (1226–1270) * Philip III (1270–1285) * Philip IV (1285–1314) * Louis X (1314–1316) * John I (1316) * Philip V (1316–1322) * Charles IV (1322–1328) * Philip VI (1328–1350) * John II (1350–1364) *

Charles V Charles V may refer to: * Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1500–1558) * Charles V of Naples (1661–1700), better known as Charles II of Spain * Charles V of France (1338–1380), called the Wise * Charles V, Duke of Lorraine (1643–1690) * Infan ...

(1364–1380) * Charles VI (1380–1422) * Charles VII (1422–1461) *

Louis XI Louis XI (3 July 1423 – 30 August 1483), called "Louis the Prudent" (french: le Prudent), was King of France from 1461 to 1483. He succeeded his father, Charles VII. Louis entered into open rebellion against his father in a short-lived revo ...

(1461–1483) * Charles VIII (1483–1498) *

Louis XII Louis XII (27 June 14621 January 1515), was King of France from 1498 to 1515 and King of Naples from 1501 to 1504. The son of Charles, Duke of Orléans, and Maria of Cleves, he succeeded his 2nd cousin once removed and brother in law at the time ...

(1498–1515) *

(1515–1547) * Henry II (1547–1559) * Francis II (1559–1560) * Charles IX (1560–1574) * Henry III (1574–1589) * Henry IV (1589–1610) * Louis XIII (1610–1643) * Louis XIV (1643–1715) * Louis XV (1715–1774) * Louis XVI (1774–1792) * Louis XVIII (1814–1815, 1815–1824) *

Charles X Charles X (born Charles Philippe, Count of Artois; 9 October 1757 – 6 November 1836) was King of France from 16 September 1824 until 2 August 1830. An uncle of the uncrowned Louis XVII and younger brother to reigning kings Louis XVI and Loui ...

(1824–1830) * Louis Philip (1830–1848)

Kingdom of Hungary

(1310–1342) *

Louis I Louis I may refer to: * Louis the Pious, Louis I of France, "the Pious" (778–840), king of France and Holy Roman Emperor * Louis I, Landgrave of Thuringia (ruled 1123–1140) * Ludwig I, Count of Württemberg (c. 1098–1158) * Louis I of Blois ...

(1342–1382) *

Mary Mary may refer to: People * Mary (name), a feminine given name (includes a list of people with the name) Religious contexts * New Testament people named Mary, overview article linking to many of those below * Mary, mother of Jesus, also call ...

(1382–1385, 1386–1395) * Charles II (1385–1386)

Kingdom of Naples The Kingdom of Naples ( la, Regnum Neapolitanum; it, Regno di Napoli; nap, Regno 'e Napule), also known as the Kingdom of Sicily, was a state that ruled the part of the Italian Peninsula south of the Papal States between 1282 and 1816. It was ...

(1266–1285) * Charles II (1285–1309) *

(1309–1343) * Joan I (1343–1382) *

(1382–1386) * Ladislas (1386–1414) * Joan II (1414–1435) * René I (1435–1442) * Philip (1700–1707) * Charles VII (1735–1759) * Ferdinand IV (1759–1816)

Kingdom of Navarre

(1284–1305) *

(1305–1316) * John I (1316–1316) *

(1316–1322) *

(1322–1328) * Joan II (1328–1349) * Philip III (1328–1343) * Charles II (1349–1387) *

(1387–1425) * Blanche I (1425–1441) *

Anthony Anthony or Antony is a masculine given name, derived from the '' Antonii'', a ''gens'' ( Roman family name) to which Mark Antony (''Marcus Antonius'') belonged. According to Plutarch, the Antonii gens were Heracleidae, being descendants of Anton, ...

(1555–1562) * Henry III (1572–1610) * Louis II (1610–1643) *

Louis III Louis III may refer to: * Louis the Younger, sometimes III of Germany (835–882) * Louis III of France (865–882) * Louis the Blind, Louis III, Holy Roman Emperor, (c. 880–928) * Louis the Child, sometimes III of Germany (893–911) * Louis II ...

(1643–1715) * Louis IV (1715–1774) *

(1774–1792) *

(1814–1815, 1815–1824) *

(1824–1830) * Louis Philip (1830–1848)

Kingdom of Poland

* Louis (1370–1382) *

Hedwig Hedwig may refer to: People and fictional characters * Hedwig (name), a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Grzegorz Hedwig (born 1988), Polish slalom canoeist * Johann Hedwig, (1730–1799), German botanist * Romanus Adol ...

(1384–1399) * Henry (1573–1574)

Kingdom Kingdom commonly refers to: * A monarchy ruled by a king or queen * Kingdom (biology), a category in biological taxonomy Kingdom may also refer to: Arts and media Television * ''Kingdom'' (British TV series), a 2007 British television drama s ...
and
County of Portugal The County of Portugal ( pt, Condado de Portugal, Condado Portucalense, Condado de Portucale; in documents of the period the name used was Portugalia) refers to two successive medieval counties in the region around Braga and Porto, today corresp ...

* Henry (1093–1112) * Alphonse I (1112–1185, crowned in 1139) * Sancho I (1185–1211) * Alphonse II (1211–1223) * Sancho II (1223–1247) * Alphonse III (1247–1279) * Denis (1279–1325) * Alphonse IV (1325–1357) *

Peter I Peter I may refer to: Religious hierarchs * Saint Peter (c. 1 AD – c. 64–88 AD), a.k.a. Simon Peter, Simeon, or Simon, apostle of Jesus * Pope Peter I of Alexandria (died 311), revered as a saint * Peter I of Armenia (died 1058), Catholicos ...

(1357–1367) * Ferdinand I (1367–1383)

Kingdom of Sicily

(1266–1282) * Philip (1700–1713) * Charles VII (1735–1759) * Ferdinand III (1759–1816)

Kingdom of Spain

* Philip V (1700–1724, 1724–1746) *

(1724) *

Ferdinand VI , house = Bourbon-Anjou , father = Philip V of Spain , mother = Maria Luisa of Savoy , birth_date = 23 September 1713 , birth_place = Royal Alcazar of Madrid, Madrid, Spain , death_date = , death_place = Villavici ...

(1746–1759) *

(1759–1788) * Charles IV (1788–1808, 1808) * Ferdinand VII (1808, 1813–1833) *

Isabella II Isabella II ( es, Isabel II; 10 October 1830 – 9 April 1904), was Queen of Spain from 29 September 1833 until 30 September 1868. Shortly before her birth, the King Ferdinand VII of Spain issued a Pragmatic Sanction to ensure the successi ...

(1833–1868) * Alphonse XII (1874–1885) * Alphonse XIII (1886–1931) * John Charles I (1975–2014) * Philip VI (2014–)

Kingdom of the Two Sicilies The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ( it, Regno delle Due Sicilie) was a kingdom in Southern Italy from 1816 to 1860. The kingdom was the largest sovereign state by population and size in Italy before Italian unification, comprising Sicily and all ...

* Ferdinand I (1816–1825) *

(1825–1830) * Ferdinand II (1830–1859) * Francis II (1859–1860)

Grand Duchy of Lithuania

* Henry (1573–1574)

Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

Jean Jean may refer to: People * Jean (female given name) * Jean (male given name) * Jean (surname) Fictional characters * Jean Grey, a Marvel Comics character * Jean Valjean, fictional character in novel ''Les Misérables'' and its adaptations * Je ...

(1964–2000) * Henri (2000–)

Duchy of Brabant The Duchy of Brabant was a State of the Holy Roman Empire established in 1183. It developed from the Landgraviate of Brabant and formed the heart of the historic Low Countries, part of the Burgundian Netherlands from 1430 and of the Habsburg Neth ...

(1406–1415) * John IV (1415–1427) *

(1427–1430) *

(1430–1467) * Charles (1467–1477) *

(1477–1482)

Duchy of Brittany The Duchy of Brittany ( br, Dugelezh Breizh, ; french: Duché de Bretagne) was a medieval feudal state that existed between approximately 939 and 1547. Its territory covered the northwestern peninsula of Europe, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to ...

(1213–1237) * John I (1237–1286) * John II (1286–1305) * Arthur II (1305–1316) * John III (1312–1341) * John IV (1341–1345) *

John V John V may refer to: * Patriarch John V of Alexandria or John the Merciful (died by 620), Patriarch of Alexandria from 606 to 616 * John V of Constantinople, Patriarch from 669 to 675 * Pope John V (685–686), Pope from 685 to his death in 686 ...

(1364–1399) * John VI (1399–1442) *

(1442–1450) * Peter II (1450–1457) * Arthur III (1457–1458) * Francis II (1458–1488) * Anne (1488–1514) *

Claude Claude may refer to: __NOTOC__ People and fictional characters * Claude (given name), a list of people and fictional characters * Claude (surname), a list of people * Claude Lorrain (c. 1600–1682), French landscape painter, draughtsman and etcher ...

(1514–1524) * Francis III (1514–1524) * Francis IV (1524–1536) * Henry (1536–1547)

Duchy of Burgundy

* Otto of Paris (956–965) * Odo-Henry (965–1002) *

(1026–1032) * Robert I (1032–1076) * Hugh I (1076–1079) * Odo I (1079–1103) * Hugh II (1103–1143) * Odo II (1143–1162) * Hugh III (1162–1192) * Odo III (1192–1218) * Hugh IV (1218–1272) * Robert II (1272–1306) * Hugh V (1306–1315) * Odo IV (1315–1349) *

(1349–1361) * John I (1361–1363) *

(1363–1404) * John II (1404–1419) * Philip III (1419–1467) * Charles (1467–1477) *

(1477–1482)

Duchy of Lorraine The Duchy of Lorraine (french: Lorraine ; german: Lothringen ), originally Upper Lorraine, was a duchy now included in the larger present-day region of Lorraine in northeastern France. Its capital was Nancy. It was founded in 959 following th ...

* René I (1431–1453) * John II (1453–1470) * Nicholas I (1470–1473) * Yolande (1473–1473)

Duchy of Lucca

* Maria Louisa (1815–1824) * Charles (1824–1847)

Duchy of Luxemburg

(1411–1415) *

(1443–1467) * Charles (1467–1477) *

(1477–1482) * Philip V (1700–1712)

Duchy of Milan

(1499–1512) * Francis II (1515–1521) * Philip IV (1700–1714)

Duchy of Parma

(1731–1735) * Philip (1748–1765) *

Ferdinand Ferdinand is a Germanic name composed of the elements "protection", "peace" (PIE "to love, to make peace") or alternatively "journey, travel", Proto-Germanic , abstract noun from root "to fare, travel" (PIE , "to lead, pass over"), and "co ...

(1765–1802) * Charles II (1847–1849) *

(1849–1854) * Robert I (1854–1859)

Principality of Achaea The Principality of Achaea () or Principality of Morea was one of the three vassal states of the Latin Empire, which replaced the Byzantine Empire after the capture of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade. It became a vassal of the Kingdom ...

(1278–1285) * Charles II (1285–1289) *

(1307–1313) * Louis (1313–1316) * Robert I (1318–1322) * Robert II (1333–1364) *

(1333–1346) *

(1364–1373) * Joan I (1373–1381) *

(1383–1386)

Principality of Taranto The Principality of Taranto was a state in southern Italy created in 1088 for Bohemond I, eldest son of Robert Guiscard, as part of the peace between him and his younger brother Roger Borsa after a dispute over the succession to the Duchy of A ...

(1266–1285) * Charles II (1285–1294) *

(1294–1331) * Robert II (1331–1346, 1362–1364) * Louis (1346–1362) *

(1362–1374) *

Ladislaus Ladislaus ( or according to the case) is a masculine given name of Slavic origin. It may refer to: * Ladislaus of Hungary (disambiguation) * Ladislaus I (disambiguation) * Ladislaus II (disambiguation) * Ladislaus III (disambiguation) * L ...

(1406–1414) * James (1414–1420)

Marquisate of Namur

(1212–1226) * Henry II (1226–1229) *

Margaret Margaret is a female first name, derived via French () and Latin () from grc, μαργαρίτης () meaning "pearl". The Greek is borrowed from Persian. Margaret has been an English name since the 11th century, and remained popular througho ...

(1229–1237) * Baldwin II (1237–1256) * Philip IV (1421–1467) *

(1467–1477) *

Mary I Mary I (18 February 1516 – 17 November 1558), also known as Mary Tudor, and as "Bloody Mary" by her Protestant opponents, was Queen of England and Ireland from July 1553 and Queen of Spain from January 1556 until her death in 1558. Sh ...

(1477–1482)

Illegitimate descent

Empire of Brazil

(1822–1831) * Peter II (1831–1889)

Kingdom of Portugal

* John I (1385–1433) * Edward (1433–1438) * Alphonse V (1438–1481) * John II (1481–1495) *

Manuel I Manuel I may refer to: *Manuel I Komnenos, Byzantine emperor (1143–1180) *Manuel I of Trebizond, Emperor of Trebizond (1228–1263) *Manuel I of Portugal Manuel I (; 31 May 146913 December 1521), known as the Fortunate ( pt, O Venturoso), was ...

(1495–1521) * John III, (1521–1557) * Sebastian, (1557–1578) * Henry (1578–1580) *

(1580–1580, disputed) * John IV (1640–1656) * Alphonse VI (1656–1683) * Peter II (1683–1706) *

(1706–1750) *

Joseph I Joseph I or Josef I may refer to: * Joseph I of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1266–1275 and 1282–1283 *Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (1678–1711) * Joseph I (Chaldean Patriarch) (reigned 1681–1696) *Joseph I of Portugal (1750–1777 ...

(1750–1777) * Peter III (1777–1786) *

(1777–1816) * John VI (1816–1826) * Peter IV (1826–1826) * Mary II (1826–1828, 1834–1853) * Michael I (1828–1834)

Senior Capets

Throughout most of history, the Senior Capet and the

King of France France was ruled by monarchs from the establishment of the Kingdom of West Francia in 843 until the end of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions. Classical French historiography usually regards Clovis I () as the fir ...

were synonymous terms. Only in the time before Hugh Capet took the crown for himself and after the reign of

is there a distinction such that the senior Capet must be identified independently from succession to the French Crown. However, since primogeniture and the Salic law provided for the succession of the French throne for most of French history, here is a list of all the French kings from Hugh until Charles, and all the Legitimist pretenders thereafter. All dates are for seniority, not reign.

: * Hugh,

(987–996) * Robert II, King of France (996–1031) *

, King of France (1031–1060) *

, King of France (1060–1108) * Louis VI, King of France (1108–1137) *

, King of France (1137–1180) *

, King of France (1180–1223) * Louis VIII, King of France (1223–1226) * Louis IX, King of France (1226–1270) * Philip III, King of France (1271–1285) * Philip IV, King of France (1285–1314) * Louis X, King of France (1314–1316) * John I, King of France (1316–1316) * Philip V, King of France (1316–1322) * Charles IV, King of France (1322–1328) * Philip VI, King of France (1328–1350) * John II, King of France (1350–1364) *

, King of France (1364–1380) * Charles VI, King of France (1380–1422) * Charles VII, King of France (1422–1461) *

, King of France (1461–1483) * Charles VIII, King of France (1483–1498) *

, King of France (1498–1515) *

, King of France (1515–1547) * Henry II, King of France (1547–1559) * Francis II, King of France (1559–1560) * Charles IX, King of France (1560–1574) * Henry III, King of France (1574–1589) * Henry IV, King of France (1589–1610) * Louis XIII, King of France (1610–1643) * Louis XIV, King of France (1643–1715) * Louis XV, King of France (1715–1774) * Louis XVI, King of France (1774–1793) * Louis XVII, King of France (1793–1795) * Louis XVIII, King of France (1795–1824) *

, King of France (1824–1836) Legitimist Pretenders: * Louis Anthony, Duke of Angoulême (1836–1844) * Henry, Count of Chambord (1844–1883) * John, Count of Montizón (1883–1887) * Charles, Duke of Madrid (1887–1909) * James, Duke of Anjou and Madrid (1909–1931) * Alphonse Charles, Duke of San Jaime (1931–1936) * Alphonse XIII,

King of Spain , coatofarms = File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg , coatofarms_article = Coat of arms of the King of Spain , image = Felipe_VI_in_2020_(cropped).jpg , incumbent = Felipe VI , incumbentsince = 19 Ju ...

(1936–1941) * James Henry, Duke of Anjou and Segovia (1941–1975) *

Alphonse Alphonse may refer to: * Alphonse (given name) * Alphonse (surname) * Alphonse Atoll, one of two atolls in the Seychelles' Alphonse Group See also *Alphons Alphons (Latinized ''Alphonsus'', ''Adelphonsus'', or ''Adefonsus'') is a male given n ...

, Duke of Anjou and Cádiz (1975–1989) * Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou (1989–)

The Capetian dynasty today

Many years have passed since the Capetian monarchs ruled a large part of Europe; however, they still remain as kings, as well as other titles. Currently two Capetian monarchs still rule in Spain and Luxembourg. In addition, seven pretenders represent exiled dynastic monarchies in Brazil, France, Spain, Portugal, Parma and Two Sicilies. The current legitimate, senior family member is Louis-Alphonse de Bourbon, known by his supporters as Duke of Anjou, who also holds the Legitimist (''

Blancs d'Espagne Blancs d'Espagne ("Spanish Whites") was a term used to refer to those legitimists in France who, following the death of the Comte de Chambord in 1883, supported the Spanish Carlist claimant rather than the Orleanist candidate, who was supported ...

'') claim to the French throne. Overall, dozens of branches of the Capetian dynasty still exist throughout Europe. Except for the House of Braganza (founded by an

illegitimate son Legitimacy, in traditional Western common law, is the status of a child born to parents who are legally married to each other, and of a child conceived before the parents obtain a legal divorce. Conversely, ''illegitimacy'', also known as '' ...

of King

John I of Portugal John I ( pt, João �uˈɐ̃w̃ 11 April 1357 – 14 August 1433), also called John of Aviz, was King of Portugal from 1385 until his death in 1433. He is recognized chiefly for his role in Portugal's victory in a succession war with Castil ...

, who was himself illegitimate), all current major Capetian branches are of the Bourbon cadet branch. Within the House of Bourbon, many of these lines are themselves well-defined cadet lines of the House.

Current Capetian rulers

* Henri,

Grand Duke of Luxembourg The Grand Duke of Luxembourg ( lb, Groussherzog vu Lëtzebuerg, french: Grand-duc de Luxembourg, german: Großherzog von Luxemburg) is the monarchical head of state of Luxembourg. Luxembourg has been a grand duchy since 15 March 1815, when it w ...

(since 2000) * Felipe VI,

(since 2014)

Current Capetian pretenders

* Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou, Legitimist pretender to the Kingdom of France since 1989. *

Prince Pedro, Duke of Calabria , title = Duke of Calabria Grandee of SpainCount of Caserta , image = , caption = , succession = Head of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (disputed) , reign-type = Tenure , reign =5 October 2015 – present , pre ...

, Calabrian pretender to the

Kingdom of the Two Sicilies The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ( it, Regno delle Due Sicilie) was a kingdom in Southern Italy from 1816 to 1860. The kingdom was the largest sovereign state by population and size in Italy before Italian unification, comprising Sicily and all ...

since 2015. * Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro, Castroist pretender to the

since 2008. *

Carlos, Duke of Parma Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Parma, Duke of Parma and PiacenzaDuchy of Parma since 2010 and one of the

Carlist Carlism ( eu, Karlismo; ca, Carlisme; ; ) is a Traditionalist and Legitimist political movement in Spain aimed at establishing an alternative branch of the Bourbon dynasty – one descended from Don Carlos, Count of Molina (1788–1855) – o ...

pretender to the Kingdom of Spain since 2010. *

Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma ( es, link=no, Don Sixto Enrique de Borbón-Parma y Borbón-Busset; it, Sisto Enrico di Borbone Parma; born 22 July 1940), known as Enrique V by supporters, is considered Regent of Spain by some Carlists wh ...

, the other

pretenders to the Kingdom of Spain since 1979. *

Jean, Count of Paris Jean Carl Pierre Marie d'Orléans (born 19 May 1965) is the current head of the House of Orléans. Jean is the senior male descendant by primogeniture in the male-line of Louis-Philippe I, King of the French, and thus, according to the Orléa ...

, Orléanist pretender to the Kingdom of France since 2019. * Prince Pedro Carlos of Orléans-Braganza, Petrópolis pretender to the Empire of Brazil since 2007. * Prince Bertrand of Orléans-Braganza, Vassouras pretender to the Empire of Brazil since 2022. *

Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza (Portuguese: ''Duarte Pio de Bragança'': born 15 May 1945) is the current Duke of Braganza, claimant to the title of King of Portugal of the dormant Portuguese throne, as the head of the House of Braganza. The Migue ...

, pretender to the Kingdom of Portugal since 1976.

Arms of cadet branches

Notes

References

Works cited

External links

Genealogies of the Capetian dynasty from Genealogy.eu

{{Authority control French royal families European royal families Spanish royalty Roman Catholic families

Name origins and usage

Capetian miracle

The Robertians and before

Robertian family branches

Capetians through history

Salic law

Capetian cadet branches

Descendants of Philip III of France

Descendants of Louis IX of France Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), commonly known as Saint Louis or Louis the Saint, was King of France from 1226 to 1270, and the most illustrious of the Direct Capetians. He was crowned in Reims at the age of 12, following the ...

Descendants of Louis VIII of France

Descendants of Louis VI of France

Descendants of Henry I of France

Descendants of Robert II of France

Sovereigns from the Capetian dynasty

Kingdom of Etruria The Kingdom of Etruria (; it, Regno di Etruria) was an Italian kingdom between 1801 and 1807 that made up a large part of modern Tuscany. It took its name from Etruria, the old Roman name for the land of the Etruscans. History The kingdom ...

Kingdom of Naples The Kingdom of Naples ( la, Regnum Neapolitanum; it, Regno di Napoli; nap, Regno 'e Napule), also known as the Kingdom of Sicily, was a state that ruled the part of the Italian Peninsula south of the Papal States between 1282 and 1816. It was ...

Kingdom of the Two Sicilies The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ( it, Regno delle Due Sicilie) was a kingdom in Southern Italy from 1816 to 1860. The kingdom was the largest sovereign state by population and size in Italy before Italian unification, comprising Sicily and all ...

Duchy of Brabant The Duchy of Brabant was a State of the Holy Roman Empire established in 1183. It developed from the Landgraviate of Brabant and formed the heart of the historic Low Countries, part of the Burgundian Netherlands from 1430 and of the Habsburg Neth ...

Duchy of Brittany The Duchy of Brittany ( br, Dugelezh Breizh, ; french: Duché de Bretagne) was a medieval feudal state that existed between approximately 939 and 1547. Its territory covered the northwestern peninsula of Europe, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to ...

Duchy of Lorraine The Duchy of Lorraine (french: Lorraine ; german: Lothringen ), originally Upper Lorraine, was a duchy now included in the larger present-day region of Lorraine in northeastern France. Its capital was Nancy. It was founded in 959 following th ...

Principality of Achaea The Principality of Achaea () or Principality of Morea was one of the three vassal states of the Latin Empire, which replaced the Byzantine Empire after the capture of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade. It became a vassal of the Kingdom ...

Principality of Taranto The Principality of Taranto was a state in southern Italy created in 1088 for Bohemond I, eldest son of Robert Guiscard, as part of the peace between him and his younger brother Roger Borsa after a dispute over the succession to the Duchy of A ...

Illegitimate descent

Senior Capets

The Capetian dynasty today

Current Capetian rulers

Current Capetian pretenders

Arms of cadet branches

See also

Notes

References

Works cited

Further reading

External links

Descendants of
Louis IX of France Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), commonly known as Saint Louis or Louis the Saint, was King of France from 1226 to 1270, and the most illustrious of the Direct Capetians. He was crowned in Reims at the age of 12, following the ...