The Capetian dynasty (; french: Capétiens), also known as the House of France, is a dynasty of Frankish origin, and a branch of the Robertians. It is among the largest and oldest royal houses in Europe and the world, and consists of Hugh Capet, the founder of the dynasty, and his male-line descendants, who ruled in France without interruption from 987 to 1792, and again from 1814 to 1848. The senior line ruled in France as the House of Capet from the election of Hugh Capet in 987 until the death of Charles IV in 1328. That line was succeeded by cadet branches, the Houses of Valois and then Bourbon, which ruled without interruption until the French Revolution abolished the monarchy in 1792. The Bourbons were restored in 1814 in the aftermath of

Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...

's defeat, but had to vacate the throne again in 1830 in favor of the last Capetian monarch of France, Louis Philippe I, who belonged to the House of Orléans. Cadet branches of the Capetian House of Bourbon house are still ruling over Spain and Luxembourg. The dynasty had a crucial role in the formation of the French state. Initially obeyed only in their own

demesne A demesne ( ) or domain was all the land retained and managed by a lord of the manor under the feudal system for his own use, occupation, or support. This distinguished it from land sub-enfeoffed by him to others as sub-tenants. The concept or ...

, the Île-de-France, the Capetian kings slowly but steadily increased their power and influence until it grew to cover the entirety of their realm. For a detailed narration on the growth of French royal power, see '' Crown lands of France''. Members of the dynasty were traditionally Catholic, and the early Capetians had an alliance with the Church. The French were also the most active participants in the Crusades, culminating in a series of five Crusader kings –

Louis VII Louis VII (1120 – 18 September 1180), called the Younger, or the Young (french: link=no, le Jeune), was King of the Franks from 1137 to 1180. He was the son and successor of King Louis VI (hence the epithet "the Young") and married Duchess ...

Philip Augustus Philip II (21 August 1165 – 14 July 1223), byname Philip Augustus (french: Philippe Auguste), was King of France from 1180 to 1223. His predecessors had been known as kings of the Franks, but from 1190 onward, Philip became the first French m ...

, Louis VIII, Louis IX, and Philip III. The Capetian alliance with the papacy suffered a severe blow after the disaster of the Aragonese Crusade. Philip III's son and successor,

Philip IV Philip IV may refer to: * Philip IV of Macedon (died 297 BC) * Philip IV of France (1268–1314), Avignon Papacy * Philip IV of Burgundy or Philip I of Castile (1478–1506) * Philip IV, Count of Nassau-Weilburg (1542–1602) * Philip IV of Spain ...

, humiliated Pope Boniface VIII and brought the papacy under French control. The later Valois, starting with Francis I, ignored religious differences and

allied An alliance is a relationship among people, groups, or states that have joined together for mutual benefit or to achieve some common purpose, whether or not explicit agreement has been worked out among them. Members of an alliance are called ...

with the

Ottoman sultan The sultans of the Ottoman Empire ( tr, Osmanlı padişahları), who were all members of the Ottoman dynasty (House of Osman), ruled over the transcontinental empire from its perceived inception in 1299 to its dissolution in 1922. At its hei ...

to counter the growing power of the Holy Roman Empire. Henry IV was a Protestant at the time of his accession, but realized the necessity of conversion after four years of religious warfare. The Capetians generally enjoyed a harmonious family relationship. By tradition, younger sons and brothers of the king of France were given appanages for them to maintain their rank and to dissuade them from claiming the French crown itself. When Capetian cadets did aspire for kingship, their ambitions were directed not at the French throne, but at foreign thrones. As a result, the Capetians have reigned at different times in the kingdoms of Spain, Poland,

Aragon Aragon ( , ; Spanish and an, Aragón ; ca, Aragó ) is an autonomous community in Spain, coextensive with the medieval Kingdom of Aragon. In northeastern Spain, the Aragonese autonomous community comprises three provinces (from north to sou ...

, Portugal,

Navarre Navarre (; es, Navarra ; eu, Nafarroa ), officially the Chartered Community of Navarre ( es, Comunidad Foral de Navarra, links=no ; eu, Nafarroako Foru Komunitatea, links=no ), is a foral autonomous community and province in northern Spain, ...

, and as emperors of the Brazilian and Latin empires. In modern times, King Felipe VI of Spain is a member of this family, while

Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg Henri (french: Henri Albert Gabriel Félix Marie Guillaume, ; born 16 April 1955) is the Grand Duke of Luxembourg. He has reigned since 7 October 2000. Henri, the eldest son of Grand Duke Jean and Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium, is a f ...

is of relation to the family by agnatic kinship; both through the Bourbon branch of the dynasty. Along with the House of Habsburg, arguably its greatest historic rival, it was one of the two oldest European royal dynasties. It was also one of the most powerful royal families in European history, having played a pre-eminent role in its politics for much of its existence.

Name origins and usage

The name of the dynasty derives from its founder,

Hugh Hugh may refer to: *Hugh (given name) Noblemen and clergy French * Hugh the Great (died 956), Duke of the Franks * Hugh Magnus of France (1007–1025), co-King of France under his father, Robert II * Hugh, Duke of Alsace (died 895), modern-day ...

, who was known as "Hugh Capet". The meaning of "Capet" (a nickname rather than a surname of the modern sort) is unknown. While folk etymology identifies it with "cape", other suggestions indicate it might be connected to the Latin word ''caput'' ("head"), and explain it as meaning "chief" or "head". Historians in the

19th century The 19th (nineteenth) century began on 1 January 1801 ( MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 ( MCM). The 19th century was the ninth century of the 2nd millennium. The 19th century was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolis ...

(see House of France) came to apply the name "Capetian" to both the ruling house of France and to the wider-spread male-line descendants of Hugh Capet. It was not a contemporary practice. The name "Capet" has also been used as a surname for French royalty, particularly but not exclusively those of the House of Capet. One notable use was during the French Revolution, when the dethroned King Louis XVI (a member of the

House of Bourbon The House of Bourbon (, also ; ) is a European dynasty of French origin, a branch of the Capetian dynasty, the royal House of France. Bourbon kings first ruled France and Navarre in the 16th century. By the 18th century, members of the Spanis ...

and a direct male-line descendant of Hugh Capet) and Queen Marie Antoinette (a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine) were referred to as "Louis and Antoinette Capet" (the queen being addressed as "the Widow Capet" after the execution of her husband).

Capetian miracle

The Capetian Miracle () refers to the dynasty's ability to attain and hold onto the French crown. In 987, Hugh Capet was elected to succeed Louis V of the

Carolingian The Carolingian dynasty (; known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolingus, Carolings, Karolinger or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family named after Charlemagne, grandson of mayor Charles Martel and a descendant of the Arnulfing and Pippin ...

dynasty that had ruled France for over three centuries. By a process of associating elder sons with them in the kingship, the early Capetians established the hereditary succession in their family and transformed a theoretically electoral kingship into a sacral one. By the time of Philip II Augustus, who became king in 1180, the Capetian hold on power was so strong that the practice of associate kingship was dropped. While the Capetian monarchy began as one of the weakest in Europe, drastically eclipsed by the new Anglo-Norman realm in England (who, as

dukes of Normandy In the Middle Ages, the duke of Normandy was the ruler of the Duchy of Normandy in north-western France. The duchy arose out of a grant of land to the Viking leader Rollo by the French king Charles III in 911. In 924 and again in 933, Normandy ...

, were technically their vassals) and even other great lords of France, the political value of orderly succession in the Middle Ages cannot be overstated. The orderly succession of power from father to son over such a long period of time meant that the French monarchs, who originally were essentially just the direct rulers of the Île-de-France, were able to preserve and extend their power, while over the course of centuries the great peers of the realm would eventually lose their power in one succession crisis or another. By comparison, the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem was constantly beset with internal succession disputes because each generation only produced female heirs who tended to die young. Even the English monarchy encountered severe succession crises, such as

The Anarchy The Anarchy was a civil war in England and Normandy between 1138 and 1153, which resulted in a widespread breakdown in law and order. The conflict was a war of succession precipitated by the accidental death of William Adelin, the only legiti ...

of the 1120s between Stephen and Matilda, and the murder of

Arthur I, Duke of Brittany Arthur I ( br, Arzhur 1añ; french: link=no, Arthur 1er de Bretagne) (29 March 1187 – presumably 1203) was 4th Earl of Richmond and Duke of Brittany between 1196 and 1203. He was the posthumous son of Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany, and Constan ...

, the primogeniture heir of Richard I of England. The latter case would deal a severe blow to the prestige of

King John King John may refer to: Rulers * John, King of England (1166–1216) * John I of Jerusalem (c. 1170–1237) * John Balliol, King of Scotland (c. 1249–1314) * John I of France (15–20 November 1316) * John II of France (1319–1364) * John I o ...

, leading to the eventual destruction of Angevin hegemony in France. In contrast, the French kings were able to maintain uncontested father-to-son succession from the time of Hugh Capet until the succession crisis which began the

Hundred Years' War The Hundred Years' War (; 1337–1453) was a series of armed conflicts between the kingdoms of Kingdom of England, England and Kingdom of France, France during the Late Middle Ages. It originated from disputed claims to the French Crown, ...

of the 14th century.

The Robertians and before

The dynastic surname now used to describe Hugh Capet's family prior to his election as King of France is "Robertians" or "Robertines." The name is derived from the family's first certain ancestor, Robert the Strong (b. 820), the count of Paris. Robert was probably son of Robert III of Worms (b. 800) and grandson of Robert of Hesbaye (b. 770). The Robertians probably originated in the county Hesbaye, around Tongeren in modern-day Belgium. The sons of Robert the Strong were

Odo Odo or ODO may refer to: People * Odo, a given name; includes a list of people and fictional characters with the name * Franklin Odo (born 1939), Japanese-American historian * Seikichi Odo (1927–2002), Japanese karateka * Yuya Odo (born 1990), J ...

and Robert, who both ruled as king of Western Francia. The family became Counts of Paris under Odo and Dukes of the Franks under Robert, possessing large parts of Neustria. In the late 9th century, King

Robert I Robert I may refer to: *Robert I, Duke of Neustria (697–748) *Robert I of France (866–923), King of France, 922–923, rebelled against Charles the Simple *Rollo, Duke of Normandy (c. 846 – c. 930; reigned 911–927) * Robert I Archbishop of ...

, grandfather of Hugh Capet, married

Beatrice of Vermandois Beatrice of Vermandois ( – after 26 March 931) was a Carolingian aristocrat, queen of Western Francia by marriage to Robert I, and mother of Hugh the Great. Life Beatrice was the daughter of Herbert I, Count of Vermandois. She was also the sis ...

, a direct descendent of Charlemagne, thus making the Capetian dynasty a cadet branch of the Carolingian dynasty.Detlev Schwennicke, ''Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten'', Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafeln 10, 11Pierre Riché, ''The Carolingians; A Family Who Forged Europe'', trans. Michael Idomir Allen (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993), pp. 371, 375 The Carolingian dynasty ceased to rule France upon the death of Louis V. After the death of Louis V, the son of Hugh the Great, Hugh Capet, was elected by the nobility as king of France. Hugh was crowned at Noyon on 3 July 987 with the full support from

Holy Roman Emperor The Holy Roman Emperor, originally and officially the Emperor of the Romans ( la, Imperator Romanorum, german: Kaiser der Römer) during the Middle Ages, and also known as the Roman-German Emperor since the early modern period ( la, Imperat ...

Otto III Otto III (June/July 980 – 23 January 1002) was Holy Roman Emperor from 996 until his death in 1002. A member of the Ottonian dynasty, Otto III was the only son of the Emperor Otto II and his wife Theophanu. Otto III was crowned as King of ...

. With Hugh's coronation, a new era began for France, and his descendants came to be named the ''Capetians,'' with the Capetian dynasty and its cadet branches such as the House of Valois ruling France for more than 800 years (987–1848, with some interruptions.

Robertian family branches

*Rodbert ** Ingerman of Hesbaye *** Ermengarde of Hesbaye, wife of Louis the Pious ** Cancor, founder of the Lorsch Abbey ***Heimrich (−795), count in the Lahngau **** Poppo of Grapfeld (−839/41), ancestor of the Frankish House of Babenberg **Landrada *** Saint Chrodogang, Archbishop of Metz, Abbot of the Lorsch Abbey ** Robert of Hesbaye *** Robert III of Worms **** Robert the Strong *****

, king of Western Francia *****Richildis, married to a count of Troyes ***** Robert, king of Western Francia ******

Emma Emma may refer to: * Emma (given name) Film * Emma (1932 film), ''Emma'' (1932 film), a comedy-drama film by Clarence Brown * Emma (1996 theatrical film), ''Emma'' (1996 theatrical film), a film starring Gwyneth Paltrow * Emma (1996 TV film), '' ...

, married Rudolph of Burgundy ******Adela, married Herbert II, Count of Vermandois ****** Hugh the Great ******* Hugh Capet, founder House of Capet ******** Hadwig, married Reginar IV, Count of Mons ******** Robert II *******Otto-Henry *******Odo *******Beatrix, married Frederick of Bar *******Emma, married Richard I of Normandy *******

Herbert Herbert may refer to: People Individuals * Herbert (musician), a pseudonym of Matthew Herbert Name * Herbert (given name) * Herbert (surname) Places Antarctica * Herbert Mountains, Coats Land * Herbert Sound, Graham Land Australia * Herbert, ...

, bishop of Auxerre

Capetians through history

Over the succeeding centuries, Capetians spread throughout Europe, ruling every form of provincial unit from kingdoms to manors.

Salic law

Salic law The Salic law ( or ; la, Lex salica), also called the was the ancient Frankish civil law code compiled around AD 500 by the first Frankish King, Clovis. The written text is in Latin and contains some of the earliest known instances of Old Du ...

, reestablished during the

from an ancient Frankish tradition, caused the French monarchy to permit only male (

agnatic Patrilineality, also known as the male line, the spear side or agnatic kinship, is a common kinship system in which an individual's family membership derives from and is recorded through their father's lineage. It generally involves the inheritanc ...

) descendants of Hugh to succeed to the throne of France. Without Salic law, upon the death of

John I John I may refer to: People * John I (bishop of Jerusalem) * John Chrysostom (349 – c. 407), Patriarch of Constantinople * John of Antioch (died 441) * Pope John I, Pope from 523 to 526 * John I (exarch) (died 615), Exarch of Ravenna * John I o ...

, the crown would have passed to his half-sister, Joan (later Joan II of Navarre). However, Joan's paternity was suspect due to her mother's adultery in the Tour de Nesle Affair; the French magnates adopted Salic law to avoid the succession of a possible bastard. In 1328, King Charles IV of France died without male heirs, as his brothers did before him. Philip of Valois, the late king's first cousin acted as regent, pending the birth of the king's posthumous child, which proved to be a girl. Isabella of France, sister of Charles IV, claimed the throne for her son, Edward III of England. The English king did not find support among the French lords, who made Philip of Valois their king. From then on the French succession not only excluded females but also rejected claims based on the female line of descent. Thus the French crown passed from the House of Capet after the death of Charles IV to

Philip VI of France Philip VI (french: Philippe; 1293 – 22 August 1350), called the Fortunate (french: le Fortuné, link=no) or the Catholic (french: le Catholique, link=no) and of Valois, was the first king of France from the House of Valois, reigning from 1328 ...

of the House of Valois, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty, *then to Louis II, Duke of Orléans, of the Orléans branch of the Valois, who became

Louis XII of France Louis XII (27 June 14621 January 1515), was King of France from 1498 to 1515 and King of Naples from 1501 to 1504. The son of Charles, Duke of Orléans, and Maria of Cleves, he succeeded his 2nd cousin once removed and brother in law at the tim ...

, *then to Francis, Duke of Valois, Count of Angoulème, who became Francis I of France, and his descendants, of the Orléans-Angoulème, *then to Henry III of Navarre, who became Henry IV of France, of the

, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. This did not affect monarchies not under that law such as Portugal, Spain,

, and various smaller duchies and counties. Therefore, many royal families appear and disappear in the French succession or become cadet branches upon marriage. A complete list of the senior-most line of Capetians is available

below Below may refer to: *Earth *Ground (disambiguation) *Soil *Floor *Bottom (disambiguation) Bottom may refer to: Anatomy and sex * Bottom (BDSM), the partner in a BDSM who takes the passive, receiving, or obedient role, to that of the top or ...

Capetian cadet branches

The Capetian Dynasty has been broken many times into (sometimes rival) cadet branches. A cadet branch is a line of descent from another line than the senior-most. This list of cadet branches shows most of the Capetian cadet lines and designating their royal French progenitor, although some sub-branches are not shown. * Hugh Capet ** Robert II of France *** Henry I of France **** Philip I of France *****

Louis VI of France Louis VI (late 1081 – 1 August 1137), called the Fat (french: link=no, le Gros) or the Fighter (french: link=no, le Batailleur), was King of the Franks from 1108 to 1137. Chronicles called him "King of Saint-Denis". Louis was the first member ...

******

Louis VII of France Louis VII (1120 – 18 September 1180), called the Younger, or the Young (french: link=no, le Jeune), was King of the Franks from 1137 to 1180. He was the son and successor of King Louis VI (hence the epithet "the Young") and married Duchess ...

******* Philip II of France ******** Louis VIII of France *********

Louis IX of France Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), commonly known as Saint Louis or Louis the Saint, was King of France from 1226 to 1270, and the most illustrious of the Direct Capetians. He was crowned in Reims at the age of 12, following the ...

********** Philip III of France ***********

Philip IV of France Philip IV (April–June 1268 – 29 November 1314), called Philip the Fair (french: Philippe le Bel), was King of France from 1285 to 1314. By virtue of his marriage with Joan I of Navarre, he was also King of Navarre as Philip I from 12 ...

*********** Blason comte fr Valois

House of Valois *********** Blason ville fr Mortain (Manche)

House of Évreux ********** Blason comte fr Clermont (Bourbon)

*********

House of Artois ********* Blason comte fr Anjou

House of Anjou Angevin or House of Anjou may refer to: * County of Anjou or Duchy of Anjou, a historical county, and later Duchy, in France ** Angevin (language), the traditional langue d'oïl spoken in Anjou ** Counts and Dukes of Anjou *House of Ingelger, a Fra ...

******

House of Dreux ****** Blason Courtenay

House of Courtenay **** Armoiries Vermandois

House of Vermandois *** Blason Ducs Bourgogne (ancien)

House of Burgundy

Descendants of Philip III of France

* House of Valois (1293–1498) ** House of Valois-Orléans (1392–1515) *** House of Orléans-Angoulême (1407–1589) ** House of Valois-Anjou (1356–1481) ** House of Valois-Burgundy (1364–1477) *** House of Burgundy-Brabant (1404–1430) *** House of Burgundy-Nevers (1404–1491) ** House of Valois-Alençon (1325–1525) * House of Évreux (1303–1400) ** House of Évreux-Navarre (1328–1425)

Descendants of
Louis IX of France Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), commonly known as Saint Louis or Louis the Saint, was King of France from 1226 to 1270, and the most illustrious of the Direct Capetians. He was crowned in Reims at the age of 12, following the ...

(1268–1503) ** House of Bourbon-Montpensier, counts (1443–1527) ** House of Bourbon-La Marche (1356–1438) ***

House of Bourbon-Vendôme A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condi ...

(became Royal House of France in 1589) **** House of Artois (1775–1883) **** House of Bourbon, Spanish branch (1700–present) *****

Carlists Carlism ( eu, Karlismo; ca, Carlisme; ; ) is a Traditionalist and Legitimist political movement in Spain aimed at establishing an alternative branch of the Bourbon dynasty – one descended from Don Carlos, Count of Molina (1788–1855) – ...

(1819–1936) ***** Alfonsines (1819–present) ****** House of Bourbon-Anjou (1933–present) ****** House of Bourbon, Spanish royal family (1933–present) ***** House of Bourbon-Seville (1823–) ***** House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (1751–present) ***** House of Bourbon-Braganza (1752–1979) ***** House of Bourbon-Parma (1748–present) ****** Parma-Luxembourg, called House of Nassau-Weilburg (1919–present) **** House of Orléans (1661–) ***** Orléans-Nemours, then (1891) House of Orléans-Braganza (1864–present) ****** Orléans-Alençon (1844–1970) ***** Orléans-Aumale (1822–1872) ***** Orléans-Montpensier, then

House of Orléans-Galliera A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condit ...

(1824–present) **** House of Bourbon-Condé (1557–1830) *****

House of Bourbon-Conti A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condit ...

(1629–1814) ***** House of Bourbon-Soissons (1569–1641) **** House of Bourbon-Montpensier, dukes (1477–1608) *** House of Bourbon-Carency (1393–1520) **** House of Bourbon-Duisant (1457–1530) *** House of Bourbon-Preaux (1385–1429)

Descendants of Louis VIII of France

* House of Artois (1237–1472) *

(initially ruling house of Sicily, then of Naples, became ruling house of Hungary) (1247–1382) **

House of Anjou-Naples The Capetian House of Anjou or House of Anjou-Sicily, was a royal house and cadet branch of the direct French House of Capet, part of the Capetian dynasty. It is one of three separate royal houses referred to as ''Angevin'', meaning "from Anjou" ...

(1309–1343) ** House of Anjou–Taranto (1294–1374) ** House of Anjou–Durazzo (1309–1414)

Descendants of
Louis VI of France Louis VI (late 1081 – 1 August 1137), called the Fat (french: link=no, le Gros) or the Fighter (french: link=no, le Batailleur), was King of the Franks from 1108 to 1137. Chronicles called him "King of Saint-Denis". Louis was the first member ...

* House of Dreux (1137–1345) ** Breton House of Dreux (1213–1341) *** House of Montfort (1322–1488) *

Capetian House of Courtenay The Capetian House of Courtenay, also known simply as the House of Courtenay, was a royal house and cadet branch of the direct House of Capet, also known as the Royal House of France. Founded by Peter I of Courtenay, a son of King Louis VI of Fran ...

(1150–1727) ** Capetian House of Courtenay – Latin Emperors of Constantinople (1217–1283)

Descendants of Henry I of France

Capetian House of Vermandois The Count of Vermandois was the ruler of the county of Vermandois. Beneficiary counts of Vermandois * Leodegar, Count of Vermandois (c. 484). * Emerannus (c. 511), son of previous. * Wagon I (c. 550). * Wagon II (c. 600), son of previous. * ...

(1085–1212)

Descendants of Robert II of France

* House of Burgundy (1032–1361) **

Portuguese House of Burgundy The Portuguese House of Burgundy ( pt, Casa de Borgonha) or the Afonsine Dynasty (''Dinastia Afonsina'') was a Portuguese dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of Portugal from its founding until the 1383–85 Portuguese Interregnum. The house was fou ...

(1109–1383) *** ''

House of Aviz The House of Aviz (Portuguese language, Portuguese: ''Casa de Avis''), also known as the Joanine Dynasty (''Dinastia Joanina''), was a dynasty of Portuguese people, Portuguese origin which flourished during the Portuguese Renaissance, Renaissance ...

'' (1385–1580) – illegitimate male-line descent from Burgundy **** ''

House of Braganza The Most Serene House of Braganza ( pt, Sereníssima Casa de Bragança), also known as the Brigantine Dynasty (''Dinastia Brigantina''), is a dynasty of emperors, kings, princes, and dukes of Portuguese origin which reigned in Europe and the Ame ...

'' (1442–present) – illegitimate male-line descent from Aviz ***** '' House of Cadaval'' (1645–present), the male line went extinct in 2001

Sovereigns from the Capetian dynasty

Latin Empire

* Peter (1216–1217) * Robert (1219–1228) * Baldwin II (1228–1273, exiled in 1261) * Philip I (1273–1283) * Catherine I (1283–1307) * Catherine II (1307–1346) * Robert II (1346–1364) * Philip II (1364–1374)

Kingdom of Albania Kingdom of Albania may refer to: Kingdom of Albania (medieval) — from the Capetian House of Anjou Albanian Kingdom (1928–1939) — from the House of Zogu *Albanian Kingdom (1939–1943) — from the House of Savoy during the Italian occupati ...

* Charles I (1272–1285) * Charles II (1285–1294) *

Philip Philip, also Phillip, is a male given name, derived from the Greek (''Philippos'', lit. "horse-loving" or "fond of horses"), from a compound of (''philos'', "dear", "loved", "loving") and (''hippos'', "horse"). Prominent Philips who popularize ...

(1294–1331) * Robert (1331–1332) * John (1332–1336) * Charles III (1336–1348) * Joan I (1348–1368) * Louis (1376–1383)

Kingdom of Etruria

* Louis (1801–1803) *

Charles Louis Charles Louis may refer to: Nobility: *Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine (1617–1680) *Charles Louis Auguste Fouquet, duc de Belle-Isle (1684–1761), French general and statesman *Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg (1708–1752), father ...

(1803–1807)

Kingdom of France

(987–996) * Robert II (996–1031) * Henry I (1031–1060) * Philip I (1060–1108) * Louis VI (1108–1137) *

(1137–1180) * Philip II (1180–1223) * Louis VIII (1223–1226) * Louis IX (1226–1270) * Philip III (1270–1285) *

(1285–1314) *

Louis X Louis X may refer to: * Louis X of France, "the Quarreller" (1289–1316). * Louis X, Duke of Bavaria (1495–1545) * Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse (1753–1830). * Louis Farrakhan (formerly Louis X), head of the Nation of Islam {{hndis ...

(1314–1316) *

(1316) *

Philip V Philip V may refer to: * Philip V of Macedon (221–179 BC) * Philip V of France (1293–1322) * Philip II of Spain Philip II) in Spain, while in Portugal and his Italian kingdoms he ruled as Philip I ( pt, Filipe I). (21 May 152713 September ...

(1316–1322) * Charles IV (1322–1328) * Philip VI (1328–1350) * John II (1350–1364) * Charles V (1364–1380) * Charles VI (1380–1422) * Charles VII (1422–1461) * Louis XI (1461–1483) * Charles VIII (1483–1498) * Louis XII (1498–1515) * Francis I (1515–1547) * Henry II (1547–1559) * Francis II (1559–1560) * Charles IX (1560–1574) * Henry III (1574–1589) * Henry IV (1589–1610) * Louis XIII (1610–1643) * Louis XIV (1643–1715) * Louis XV (1715–1774) * Louis XVI (1774–1792) * Louis XVIII (1814–1815, 1815–1824) * Charles X (1824–1830) * Louis Philip (1830–1848)

Kingdom of Hungary

* Charles I (1310–1342) * Louis I (1342–1382) * Mary (1382–1385, 1386–1395) * Charles II (1385–1386)

Kingdom of Naples The Kingdom of Naples ( la, Regnum Neapolitanum; it, Regno di Napoli; nap, Regno 'e Napule), also known as the Kingdom of Sicily, was a state that ruled the part of the Italian Peninsula south of the Papal States between 1282 and 1816. It was ...

* Charles I (1266–1285) * Charles II (1285–1309) * Robert (1309–1343) * Joan I (1343–1382) * Charles III (1382–1386) * Ladislas (1386–1414) * Joan II (1414–1435) * René I (1435–1442) *

(1700–1707) * Charles VII (1735–1759) * Ferdinand IV (1759–1816)

Kingdom of Navarre The Kingdom of Navarre (; , , , ), originally the Kingdom of Pamplona (), was a Basque kingdom that occupied lands on both sides of the western Pyrenees, alongside the Atlantic Ocean between present-day Spain and France. The medieval state took ...

* Philip I (1284–1305) * Louis I (1305–1316) *

(1316–1316) * Philip II (1316–1322) * Charles I (1322–1328) * Joan II (1328–1349) * Philip III (1328–1343) * Charles II (1349–1387) * Charles III (1387–1425) * Blanche I (1425–1441) * Anthony (1555–1562) * Henry III (1572–1610) * Louis II (1610–1643) * Louis III (1643–1715) * Louis IV (1715–1774) * Louis V (1774–1792) *

(1814–1815, 1815–1824) * Charles V (1824–1830) * Louis Philip (1830–1848)

Kingdom of Poland

* Louis (1370–1382) * Hedwig (1384–1399) * Henry (1573–1574)

Kingdom and County of Portugal

* Henry (1093–1112) * Alphonse I (1112–1185, crowned in 1139) * Sancho I (1185–1211) * Alphonse II (1211–1223) * Sancho II (1223–1247) * Alphonse III (1247–1279) *

Denis Denis may refer to: People * Saint Denis of Paris, 3rd-century Christian martyr and first bishop of Paris * Denis the Areopagite, Biblical figure * Denis, son of Ampud (died 1236), baron in the Kingdom of Hungary * Denis the Carthusian (1402–14 ...

(1279–1325) * Alphonse IV (1325–1357) * Peter I (1357–1367) *

Ferdinand I Ferdinand I or Fernando I may refer to: People * Ferdinand I of León, ''the Great'' (ca. 1000–1065, king from 1037) * Ferdinand I of Portugal and the Algarve, ''the Handsome'' (1345–1383, king from 1367) * Ferdinand I of Aragon and Sicily, '' ...

(1367–1383)

Kingdom of Sicily The Kingdom of Sicily ( la, Regnum Siciliae; it, Regno di Sicilia; scn, Regnu di Sicilia) was a state that existed in the south of the Italian Peninsula and for a time the region of Ifriqiya from its founding by Roger II of Sicily in 1130 un ...

* Charles I (1266–1282) *

(1700–1713) * Charles VII (1735–1759) * Ferdinand III (1759–1816)

Kingdom of Spain

(1700–1724, 1724–1746) * Louis I (1724) * Ferdinand VI (1746–1759) * Charles III (1759–1788) * Charles IV (1788–1808, 1808) * Ferdinand VII (1808, 1813–1833) * Isabella II (1833–1868) * Alphonse XII (1874–1885) *

Alphonse XIII Alfonso XIII (17 May 1886 – 28 February 1941), also known as El Africano or the African, was King of Spain from 17 May 1886 to 14 April 1931, when the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed. He was a monarch from birth as his father, Alfo ...

(1886–1931) * John Charles I (1975–2014) * Philip VI (2014–)

Kingdom of the Two Sicilies The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ( it, Regno delle Due Sicilie) was a kingdom in Southern Italy from 1816 to 1860. The kingdom was the largest sovereign state by population and size in Italy before Italian unification, comprising Sicily and a ...

(1816–1825) * Francis I (1825–1830) * Ferdinand II (1830–1859) * Francis II (1859–1860)

Grand Duchy of Lithuania

* Henry (1573–1574)

Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

* Jean (1964–2000) *

Henri Henri is an Estonian, Finnish, French, German and Luxembourgish form of the masculine given name Henry (given name), Henry. People with this given name ; French noblemen :'' See the 'List_of_rulers_named_Henry#France, List of rulers named Henry ...

(2000–)

Duchy of Brabant

* Anthony (1406–1415) * John IV (1415–1427) * Philip I (1427–1430) * Philip II (1430–1467) *

Charles Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English language, English and French language, French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic, Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*k ...

(1467–1477) * Mary (1477–1482)

Duchy of Brittany

* Peter I (1213–1237) *

(1237–1286) * John II (1286–1305) * Arthur II (1305–1316) * John III (1312–1341) * John IV (1341–1345) *

John V John V may refer to: * Patriarch John V of Alexandria or John the Merciful (died by 620), Patriarch of Alexandria from 606 to 616 * John V of Constantinople, Patriarch from 669 to 675 * Pope John V (685–686), Pope from 685 to his death in 686 * J ...

(1364–1399) * John VI (1399–1442) * Francis I (1442–1450) * Peter II (1450–1457) * Arthur III (1457–1458) * Francis II (1458–1488) * Anne (1488–1514) *

Claude Claude may refer to: __NOTOC__ People and fictional characters * Claude (given name), a list of people and fictional characters * Claude (surname), a list of people * Claude Lorrain (c. 1600–1682), French landscape painter, draughtsman and etcher ...

(1514–1524) * Francis III (1514–1524) * Francis IV (1524–1536) * Henry (1536–1547)

Duchy of Burgundy

* Otto of Paris (956–965) * Odo-Henry (965–1002) * Henry I (1026–1032) *

(1032–1076) *

Hugh I Hugh I may refer to: * Hugh I of Lusignan (c. 885–c. 930) * Hugh I, Count of Maine (died 933) * Hugh I, Viscount of Châteaudun (died 989 or after) * Hugh I of France (c. 939–996), a.k.a. Hugh Capet, first King of the Franks of the Capetian dy ...

(1076–1079) * Odo I (1079–1103) * Hugh II (1103–1143) * Odo II (1143–1162) * Hugh III (1162–1192) * Odo III (1192–1218) * Hugh IV (1218–1272) * Robert II (1272–1306) *

Hugh V Hugh V may refer to: * Hugh V of Lusignan (died 1060) * Hugh V, Count of Maine, ruled 1069–1072 * Hugh V, Viscount of Châteaudun (died 1180) * Hugh V, Duke of Burgundy (1294–1315) * Hugh V of Bas Hugh V ( ca, Hug, it, Ugo, Ugone, es, Hugo; ...

(1306–1315) * Odo IV (1315–1349) * Philip I (1349–1361) *

(1361–1363) * Philip II (1363–1404) * John II (1404–1419) * Philip III (1419–1467) *

(1467–1477) * Mary (1477–1482)

Duchy of Lorraine

* René I (1431–1453) * John II (1453–1470) * Nicholas I (1470–1473) * Yolande (1473–1473)

Duchy of Lucca

Maria Louisa Maria Louisa may refer to: * Maria Louisa Angwin (1849–1898), Canadian physician * Maria Louisa Bustill (1853–1904), American schoolteacher * Maria Louisa Charlesworth (1819–1880), English religious author * Maria Louisa Pike (d. 1892), Am ...

(1815–1824) *

(1824–1847)

Duchy of Luxemburg The Duchy of Luxemburg ( nl, Luxemburg; french: Luxembourg; german: Luxemburg; lb, Lëtzebuerg) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire, the ancestral homeland of the noble House of Luxembourg. The House of Luxembourg, now Duke of Limburg, becam ...

* Anthony (1411–1415) * Philip I (1443–1467) *

(1467–1477) * Mary (1477–1482) *

(1700–1712)

Duchy of Milan The Duchy of Milan ( it, Ducato di Milano; lmo, Ducaa de Milan) was a state in northern Italy, created in 1395 by Gian Galeazzo Visconti, then the lord of Milan, and a member of the important Visconti family, which had been ruling the city sin ...

* Louis I (1499–1512) * Francis II (1515–1521) *

(1700–1714)

Duchy of Parma The Duchy of Parma and Piacenza ( it, Ducato di Parma e Piacenza, la, Ducatus Parmae et Placentiae), was an Italian state created in 1545 and located in northern Italy, in the current region of Emilia-Romagna. Originally a realm of the Farnese ...

* Charles I (1731–1735) *

(1748–1765) * Ferdinand (1765–1802) * Charles II (1847–1849) * Charles III (1849–1854) *

(1854–1859)

Principality of Achaea

* Charles I (1278–1285) * Charles II (1285–1289) * Philip I (1307–1313) * Louis (1313–1316) *

(1318–1322) * Robert II (1333–1364) * Catherine II (1333–1346) * Philip II (1364–1373) * Joan I (1373–1381) * Charles III (1383–1386)

Principality of Taranto

* Charles I (1266–1285) * Charles II (1285–1294) * Philip I (1294–1331) * Robert II (1331–1346, 1362–1364) * Louis (1346–1362) * Philip II (1362–1374) *

Ladislaus Ladislaus ( or according to the case) is a masculine given name of Slavic origin. It may refer to: * Ladislaus of Hungary (disambiguation) * Ladislaus I (disambiguation) * Ladislaus II (disambiguation) * Ladislaus III (disambiguation) * Ladi ...

(1406–1414) * James (1414–1420)

Marquisate of Namur

* Philip II (1212–1226) * Henry II (1226–1229) *

Margaret Margaret is a female first name, derived via French () and Latin () from grc, μαργαρίτης () meaning "pearl". The Greek is borrowed from Persian. Margaret has been an English name since the 11th century, and remained popular througho ...

(1229–1237) * Baldwin II (1237–1256) *

(1421–1467) * Charles I (1467–1477) * Mary I (1477–1482)

Illegitimate descent

Empire of Brazil

* Peter I (1822–1831) * Peter II (1831–1889)

Kingdom of Portugal The Kingdom of Portugal ( la, Regnum Portugalliae, pt, Reino de Portugal) was a monarchy in the western Iberian Peninsula and the predecessor of the modern Portuguese Republic. Existing to various extents between 1139 and 1910, it was also kno ...

(1385–1433) *

Edward Edward is an English given name. It is derived from the Anglo-Saxon name ''Ēadweard'', composed of the elements '' ēad'' "wealth, fortune; prosperous" and '' weard'' "guardian, protector”. History The name Edward was very popular in Anglo-Sa ...

(1433–1438) *

Alphonse V Alfonso V (Spanish), Afonso V (Portuguese), Alfons V (Catalan) or Alphonse V (French) may refer to: * Alfonso V of León (999–1028) * Alfonso V of Aragon (1416–1458), The Magnanimous * Afonso V of Portugal (), The African * Afonso V of Kongo Af ...

(1438–1481) * John II (1481–1495) * Manuel I (1495–1521) * John III, (1521–1557) *

Sebastian Sebastian may refer to: People * Sebastian (name), including a list of persons with the name Arts, entertainment, and media Films and television * ''Sebastian'' (1968 film), British spy film * ''Sebastian'' (1995 film), Swedish drama film ...

, (1557–1578) * Henry (1578–1580) * Anthony (1580–1580, disputed) * John IV (1640–1656) * Alphonse VI (1656–1683) * Peter II (1683–1706) *

(1706–1750) * Joseph I (1750–1777) *

Peter III Peter III may refer to: Politics * Peter III of Bulgaria (ruled in 1072) * Peter III of Aragon (1239–1285) * Peter III of Arborea (died 1347) * Peter III Aaron (died 1467) * Pedro III of Kongo (ruler in 1669) * Peter III of Russia (1728–1762) * ...

(1777–1786) * Mary I (1777–1816) * John VI (1816–1826) * Peter IV (1826–1826) *

Mary II Mary II (30 April 166228 December 1694) was Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland, co-reigning with her husband, William III & II, from 1689 until her death in 1694. Mary was the eldest daughter of James, Duke of York, and his first wife ...

(1826–1828, 1834–1853) * Michael I (1828–1834)

Senior Capets

Throughout most of history, the Senior Capet and the

King of France France was ruled by monarchs from the establishment of the Kingdom of West Francia in 843 until the end of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions. Classical French historiography usually regards Clovis I () as the first ...

were synonymous terms. Only in the time before Hugh Capet took the crown for himself and after the reign of Charles X is there a distinction such that the senior Capet must be identified independently from succession to the French Crown. However, since primogeniture and the

provided for the succession of the French throne for most of French history, here is a list of all the French kings from Hugh until Charles, and all the Legitimist pretenders thereafter. All dates are for seniority, not reign.

: *

(987–996) * Robert II, King of France (996–1031) * Henry I, King of France (1031–1060) * Philip I, King of France (1060–1108) * Louis VI, King of France (1108–1137) *

, King of France (1137–1180) * Philip II, King of France (1180–1223) * Louis VIII, King of France (1223–1226) * Louis IX, King of France (1226–1270) * Philip III, King of France (1271–1285) *

, King of France (1285–1314) *

, King of France (1314–1316) *

, King of France (1316–1316) *

, King of France (1316–1322) * Charles IV, King of France (1322–1328) * Philip VI, King of France (1328–1350) * John II, King of France (1350–1364) * Charles V, King of France (1364–1380) * Charles VI, King of France (1380–1422) * Charles VII, King of France (1422–1461) * Louis XI, King of France (1461–1483) * Charles VIII, King of France (1483–1498) * Louis XII, King of France (1498–1515) * Francis I, King of France (1515–1547) * Henry II, King of France (1547–1559) * Francis II, King of France (1559–1560) * Charles IX, King of France (1560–1574) * Henry III, King of France (1574–1589) * Henry IV, King of France (1589–1610) * Louis XIII, King of France (1610–1643) * Louis XIV, King of France (1643–1715) * Louis XV, King of France (1715–1774) * Louis XVI, King of France (1774–1793) * Louis XVII, King of France (1793–1795) * Louis XVIII, King of France (1795–1824) * Charles X, King of France (1824–1836) Legitimist Pretenders: * Louis Anthony, Duke of Angoulême (1836–1844) * Henry, Count of Chambord (1844–1883) * John, Count of Montizón (1883–1887) *

, Duke of Madrid (1887–1909) * James, Duke of Anjou and Madrid (1909–1931) * Alphonse Charles, Duke of San Jaime (1931–1936) *

King of Spain , coatofarms = File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg , coatofarms_article = Coat of arms of the King of Spain , image = Felipe_VI_in_2020_(cropped).jpg , incumbent = Felipe VI , incumbentsince = 19 Ju ...

(1936–1941) *

James Henry James Henry may refer to: In government and military *James Henry (Continental Congress) (1731–1804), American lawyer, Continental Congressman for Virginia *James Buchanan Henry (1833–1915), lawyer, writer, secretary to the President, nephew an ...

, Duke of Anjou and Segovia (1941–1975) * Alphonse, Duke of Anjou and Cádiz (1975–1989) * Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou (1989–)

The Capetian dynasty today

Many years have passed since the Capetian monarchs ruled a large part of Europe; however, they still remain as kings, as well as other titles. Currently two Capetian monarchs still rule in Spain and Luxembourg. In addition, seven pretenders represent exiled dynastic monarchies in Brazil, France, Spain, Portugal, Parma and Two Sicilies. The current legitimate, senior family member is Louis-Alphonse de Bourbon, known by his supporters as Duke of Anjou, who also holds the Legitimist (''

Blancs d'Espagne Blancs d'Espagne ("Spanish Whites") was a term used to refer to those legitimists in France who, following the death of the Comte de Chambord in 1883, supported the Spanish Carlist claimant rather than the Orleanist candidate, who was supported ...

'') claim to the French throne. Overall, dozens of branches of the Capetian dynasty still exist throughout Europe. Except for the

(founded by an

illegitimate son Legitimacy, in traditional Western common law, is the status of a child born to parents who are legally married to each other, and of a child conceived before the parents obtain a legal divorce. Conversely, ''illegitimacy'', also known as '' ...

of King

John I of Portugal John I ( pt, João �uˈɐ̃w̃ 11 April 1357 – 14 August 1433), also called John of Aviz, was King of Portugal from 1385 until his death in 1433. He is recognized chiefly for his role in Portugal's victory in a succession war with Casti ...

, who was himself illegitimate), all current major Capetian branches are of the Bourbon cadet branch. Within the House of Bourbon, many of these lines are themselves well-defined cadet lines of the House.

Current Capetian rulers

, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (since 2000) * Felipe VI,

(since 2014)

Current Capetian pretenders

* Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou, Legitimist pretender to the Kingdom of France since 1989. * Prince Pedro, Duke of Calabria, Calabrian pretender to the

Kingdom of the Two Sicilies The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ( it, Regno delle Due Sicilie) was a kingdom in Southern Italy from 1816 to 1860. The kingdom was the largest sovereign state by population and size in Italy before Italian unification, comprising Sicily and a ...

since 2015. * Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro, Castroist pretender to the

since 2008. *

Carlos, Duke of Parma Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Parma, Duke of Parma and PiacenzaDuchy of Parma The Duchy of Parma and Piacenza ( it, Ducato di Parma e Piacenza, la, Ducatus Parmae et Placentiae), was an Italian state created in 1545 and located in northern Italy, in the current region of Emilia-Romagna. Originally a realm of the Farnese ...

since 2010 and one of the Carlist pretender to the Kingdom of Spain since 2010. * Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma, the other Carlist pretenders to the Kingdom of Spain since 1979. * Jean, Count of Paris, Orléanist pretender to the Kingdom of France since 2019. * Prince Pedro Carlos of Orléans-Braganza, Petrópolis pretender to the Empire of Brazil since 2007. *

Prince Bertrand of Orléans-Braganza A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. Th ...

, Vassouras pretender to the Empire of Brazil since 2022. * Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza, pretender to the

Kingdom of Portugal The Kingdom of Portugal ( la, Regnum Portugalliae, pt, Reino de Portugal) was a monarchy in the western Iberian Peninsula and the predecessor of the modern Portuguese Republic. Existing to various extents between 1139 and 1910, it was also kno ...

since 1976.

Arms of cadet branches

Notes

References

Works cited

External links

Genealogies of the Capetian dynasty from Genealogy.eu

{{Authority control French royal families European royal families Spanish royalty Roman Catholic families

Name origins and usage

Capetian miracle

The Robertians and before

Robertian family branches

Capetians through history

Salic law

Capetian cadet branches

Descendants of Philip III of France

Descendants of Louis IX of France Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), commonly known as Saint Louis or Louis the Saint, was King of France from 1226 to 1270, and the most illustrious of the Direct Capetians. He was crowned in Reims at the age of 12, following the ...

Descendants of Louis VIII of France

Descendants of Louis VI of France Louis VI (late 1081 – 1 August 1137), called the Fat (french: link=no, le Gros) or the Fighter (french: link=no, le Batailleur), was King of the Franks from 1108 to 1137. Chronicles called him "King of Saint-Denis". Louis was the first member ...

Descendants of Henry I of France

Descendants of Robert II of France

Sovereigns from the Capetian dynasty

Kingdom of Albania Kingdom of Albania may refer to: *Kingdom of Albania (medieval) — from the Capetian House of Anjou *Albanian Kingdom (1928–1939) — from the House of Zogu *Albanian Kingdom (1939–1943) — from the House of Savoy during the Italian occupati ...

Kingdom of Naples The Kingdom of Naples ( la, Regnum Neapolitanum; it, Regno di Napoli; nap, Regno 'e Napule), also known as the Kingdom of Sicily, was a state that ruled the part of the Italian Peninsula south of the Papal States between 1282 and 1816. It was ...

Kingdom of Navarre The Kingdom of Navarre (; , , , ), originally the Kingdom of Pamplona (), was a Basque kingdom that occupied lands on both sides of the western Pyrenees, alongside the Atlantic Ocean between present-day Spain and France. The medieval state took ...

Kingdom and County of Portugal

Kingdom of Sicily The Kingdom of Sicily ( la, Regnum Siciliae; it, Regno di Sicilia; scn, Regnu di Sicilia) was a state that existed in the south of the Italian Peninsula and for a time the region of Ifriqiya from its founding by Roger II of Sicily in 1130 un ...

Kingdom of the Two Sicilies The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ( it, Regno delle Due Sicilie) was a kingdom in Southern Italy from 1816 to 1860. The kingdom was the largest sovereign state by population and size in Italy before Italian unification, comprising Sicily and a ...

Duchy of Luxemburg The Duchy of Luxemburg ( nl, Luxemburg; french: Luxembourg; german: Luxemburg; lb, Lëtzebuerg) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire, the ancestral homeland of the noble House of Luxembourg. The House of Luxembourg, now Duke of Limburg, becam ...

Duchy of Milan The Duchy of Milan ( it, Ducato di Milano; lmo, Ducaa de Milan) was a state in northern Italy, created in 1395 by Gian Galeazzo Visconti, then the lord of Milan, and a member of the important Visconti family, which had been ruling the city sin ...

Duchy of Parma The Duchy of Parma and Piacenza ( it, Ducato di Parma e Piacenza, la, Ducatus Parmae et Placentiae), was an Italian state created in 1545 and located in northern Italy, in the current region of Emilia-Romagna. Originally a realm of the Farnese ...

Illegitimate descent

Kingdom of Portugal The Kingdom of Portugal ( la, Regnum Portugalliae, pt, Reino de Portugal) was a monarchy in the western Iberian Peninsula and the predecessor of the modern Portuguese Republic. Existing to various extents between 1139 and 1910, it was also kno ...

Senior Capets

The Capetian dynasty today

Current Capetian rulers

Current Capetian pretenders

Arms of cadet branches

See also

Notes

References

Works cited

Further reading

External links

Descendants of
Louis IX of France Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), commonly known as Saint Louis or Louis the Saint, was King of France from 1226 to 1270, and the most illustrious of the Direct Capetians. He was crowned in Reims at the age of 12, following the ...

Descendants of
Louis VI of France Louis VI (late 1081 – 1 August 1137), called the Fat (french: link=no, le Gros) or the Fighter (french: link=no, le Batailleur), was King of the Franks from 1108 to 1137. Chronicles called him "King of Saint-Denis". Louis was the first member ...

Kingdom of Albania Kingdom of Albania may refer to: Kingdom of Albania (medieval) — from the Capetian House of Anjou Albanian Kingdom (1928–1939) — from the House of Zogu *Albanian Kingdom (1939–1943) — from the House of Savoy during the Italian occupati ...