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The California Incline is a slanted road in Santa Monica, California, connecting
Ocean Avenue Ocean Avenue may refer to: Roads in the United States * Ocean Avenue (San Francisco), California, see Ocean Avenue/CCSF Pedestrian Bridge station * Ocean Avenue (Santa Monica), California * Ocean Avenue (Palm Beach), Florida; see * Ocean Avenue ( ...
with State Route 1 (Pacific Coast Highway or PCH). It technically is the last link, the western end of California Avenue, a minor east–west street in Santa Monica.


History and overview

The California Incline was originally a walkway known as Sunset Trail, which was cut through the
bluff Bluff or The Bluff may refer to: Places Australia * Bluff, Queensland, Australia, a town * The Bluff, Queensland (Ipswich), a rural locality in the city of Ipswich * The Bluff, Queensland (Toowoomba Region), a rural locality * Bluff River (New ...
s to provide beach access to pedestrians in 1896. A roadway structure in length was built in 1932. It is a vital street in Santa Monica, linking the PCH with Ocean Avenue and California Avenue, bisecting Palisades Park. It begins at an intersection with Ocean Avenue and California Avenue, at the top of the Palisades, extending to the PCH at the base of the bluffs.


2015–16 reconstruction

The California Incline was identified as structurally deficient in the early 1990s. In 2007, the City of Santa Monica secured federal highway funds to replace the structure with one meeting current seismic standards. The new bridge consists of a pile-supported reinforced concrete slab structure with a width of , an increase of over the previous structure. The project cost $17 million, with 88.5% coming from federal funds and the balance from local funds. Construction began in April 2015 and took 17 months to complete. The roadway reopened to the public on September 1, 2016. The rebuilt structure includes wider sidewalks and bicycle lanes.


Popular culture

The California Incline has been featured in various films, including ''
It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World ''It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World'' is a 1963 American comedy film produced and directed by Stanley Kramer with a story and screenplay by William Rose and Tania Rose. The film, starring Spencer Tracy with an all-star cast of comedians, is a ...
'' (1963) and '' Knocked Up'' (2007). It was also featured in the
hardboiled Hardboiled (or hard-boiled) fiction is a literary genre that shares some of its characters and settings with crime fiction (especially detective fiction and noir fiction). The genre's typical protagonist is a detective who battles the violence ...
crime novel, ''In a Lonely Place'' (1942), written by Dorothy B. Hughes. It was also portrayed in the popular video games '' Midnight Club: LA'', '' Grand Theft Auto V'', and '' Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas''.


See also

*
McClure Tunnel The McClure Tunnel is a tunnel in Santa Monica, California, that connects Pacific Coast Highway ( State Route 1) to its junction with the western terminus of the Santa Monica Freeway (Interstate 10). The tunnel passes through the Santa Moni ...


References

{{Streets in Los Angeles Streets in Santa Monica, California