The Cabinet of the Republic of Indonesia ( id, Kabinet Republik Indonesia) is part of the executive branch of the

Indonesian government The term Government of Indonesia ( id, Pemerintah Indonesia) can have a number of different meanings. At its widest, it can refer collectively to the three traditional branches of government – the executive branch, legislative branch and j ...

. It is composed of the most senior appointed officers of the executive branch of the government serving under the

president President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...

. Members of the Cabinet (except for the vice president) serve at the pleasure of the president, who can dismiss them at will for no cause.

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea. In ...

has seen dozens of cabinets since independence in 1945. Although after the New Order most cabinets remained unchanged for five years at a time. Most cabinets are referred to by the names given them at the time of formation. The current presidential cabinet is the

Onward Indonesia Cabinet The Indonesia Forward Cabinet ( id, Kabinet Indonesia Maju) is the current cabinet of Indonesia. It was announced by the President of Indonesia Joko Widodo on 23 October 2019. The president has so far reshuffled the cabinet on five occasions: ...

Joko Widodo Joko Widodo (; born 21 June 1961), popularly known as Jokowi, is an Indonesian politician and businessman who is the 7th and current president of Indonesia. Elected in July 2014, he was the first Indonesian president not to come from an elite ...

History

The concept of a cabinet is not mentioned explicitly in the 1945 Constitution, so Indonesia's cabinets since 14 November 1945 are the result of administrative convention. There have been two types of cabinet in Indonesian history; presidential and parliamentary. In presidential cabinets, the president is responsible for government policy as head of state and government, while in parliamentary cabinets, the cabinet carries out government policy, and is responsible to the legislature.Simanjuntak (2003) p1 During the

War of Independence This is a list of wars of independence (also called liberation wars). These wars may or may not have been successful in achieving a goal of independence. List See also * Lists of active separatist movements Presented below is a list of ...

from 1945 to 1949, the cabinet changed from a presidential to a parliamentary system, despite this not being the system intended by those who drew up the Constitution; however, at several critical periods, it reverted to a presidential system. During this period, the cabinet had between 16 and 37 ministers with 12-15 ministries.Simanjuntak (2003) p2 On 27 December 1949, the

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Neth ...

recognised the sovereignty of the

United States of Indonesia The United States of Indonesia ( nl, Verenigde Staten van Indonesië, id, Republik Indonesia Serikat, abbreviated as RIS), was a short-lived federal state to which the Netherlands formally transferred sovereignty of the Dutch East Indies (except ...

(RIS). Under the Federal Constitution of 1949, the RIS had a parliamentary cabinet as ministers were responsible for government policy. With the return to the unitary state of Indonesia in August 1950, the parliamentary cabinet system remained due to an agreement between the governments of the RIS and the Republic of Indonesia (a constituent of the RIS). Article 83 of the

Provisional Constitution of 1950 The Provisional Constitution of 1950 ( id, Undang-Undang Dasar Sementara Republik Indonesia 1950, ''UUDS 1950'') replaced the Federal Constitution of 1949 when Indonesia unilaterally withdrew from the union with the Netherlands agreed at the ...

stated that ministers had full responsibility for government policy. Over the following nine years there were seven cabinets with between 18 and 25 members.Simanjuntak (2003) pp. 3-4 On 5 July 1959, President

Sukarno Sukarno). (; born Koesno Sosrodihardjo, ; 6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967. Sukarno was the leader of ...

issued a

decree A decree is a legal proclamation, usually issued by a head of state (such as the president of a republic or a monarch), according to certain procedures (usually established in a constitution). It has the force of law. The particular term used for ...

abrogating the 1950 Constitution and returning to the 1945 Constitution. The cabinet was also dissolved. A new presidential cabinet was formed shortly after, but this new cabinet did not follow the 1945 Constitution either, as the office of

prime minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is n ...

still existed, along with deputy prime ministers. Moreover, the offices of

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia ( id, Ketua Mahkamah Agung) is the head of the Supreme Court of Indonesia The Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia ( id, Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia) is the independent judicial a ...

and Speaker of the

People's Representative Council The People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia ( id, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, DPR-RI), also known as the House of Representatives, is one of two elected chambers of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), ...

which were supposed to be equal to the

, and the office of Chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly, which was supposed to be above all government branches, were included into the Cabinet. During the final years of Sukarno's presidency, cabinets were larger, peaking at 111 ministers. During the New Order under President

Suharto Suharto (; ; 8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian Army, Indonesian army officer and politician, who served as the second and the longest serving president of Indonesia. Widely regarded as a Dictatorship, military dictator by inte ...

, cabinets were smaller, and from 1968 until 1998 lasted for the five-year presidential term. Offices that were not sanctioned by the 1945 Constitution were abolished. Following the fall of Suharto and the beginning of the ''Reformasi'' era, the presidential cabinet system has been retained.Simanjuntak (2003) pp. 5-6 Until 2010, cabinet ministries were dubbed 'Departments' (''Departemen'') following the United States model. After 2010, all 'departements' were renamed into 'ministries' (''Kementerian''), thus bringing them in line with the Netherlands model of ministries and a state secretariat.

List of Indonesian Cabinets

Parliamentary cabinets were usually known by the name of the prime minister, but after 1959 they were named after their principal tasking.Simanjuntak (2003) p66 The complete list of cabinets follows:Simanjuntak (2003)Feith (2007)

Current cabinet

The present Indonesian cabinet, the Onward Indonesia Cabinet ( id, Kabinet Indonesia Maju), was sworn in on 23 October 2019. The cabinet consists of 34 ministers.

Coordinating Ministers

Ministers

Cabinet-level officials

References

* Daniel Dhaidae & H. Witdarmono (Eds) (2000)''Wajah Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republic Indonesia Pemilihan Umum 1999'' (''Faces of the Republic of Indonesia People's Representative Council 1999 General Election'') Harian Kompas, Jakarta, * Feith, Herbert (2007) ''The Decline of Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia '' Equinox Publishing (Asia) Pte Ltd, * * * Yayasan API (2001),''Panduan Parlemen Indonesia'' (''Indonesian Parliamentary Guide''),

Notes

External links

Indonesian Cabinet 1945 – 2001, Indonesian Embassy in the United Kingdom
{{Oceania topic, Cabinet of , title=National cabinets of Oceania

Government of Indonesia