Czerwony Sztandar ( en, Red Banner) was a
Polish language
Polish (Polish: ''język polski'', , ''polszczyzna'' or simply ''polski'', ) is a West Slavic language of the Lechitic group written in the Latin script. It is spoken primarily in Poland and serves as the native language of the Poles. In a ...
daily newspaper, published by the
Soviet
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
occupation
Occupation commonly refers to:
*Occupation (human activity), or job, one's role in society, often a regular activity performed for payment
*Occupation (protest), political demonstration by holding public or symbolic spaces
*Military occupation, th ...
authorities in the city of Lwów (
Lviv
Lviv ( uk, Львів) is the largest city in western Ukraine, and the seventh-largest in Ukraine, with a population of . It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is one of the main cultural centres of Ukraine ...
,
Ukraine
Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...
), between 5 October 1939 and June 1941, and then again between 1944 and 1950. Its circulation was 40,000 copies daily and the publication contained
Soviet propaganda
Propaganda in the Soviet Union was the practice of state-directed communication to promote class conflict, internationalism, the goals of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and the party itself.
The main Soviet censorship body, Glavlit, ...
against the
Second Polish Republic
The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 1918 and 1939. The state was established on 6 November 1918, before the end of ...
,
clergy
Clergy are formal leaders within established religions. Their roles and functions vary in different religious traditions, but usually involve presiding over specific rituals and teaching their religion's doctrines and practices. Some of the ter ...
and the defeated Polish state authorities.
[Caviar and ashes: a Warsaw generation's life and death in Marxism, 1918-1968. By Marci Shore. p 160.] The editor of the newspaper was
Jan Brzoza.
Among writers who published there were
Wanda Wasilewska
ukr, Ванда Львівна Василевська rus, Ванда Львовна Василевская
, native_name_lang =
, birth_date =
, birth_place = Kraków, Austria-Hungary
, death_date =
, death_place ...
,
Julian Stryjkowski
Julian Stryjkowski (born Pesach Stark; April 27, 1905 – August 8, 1996) was a Polish journalist and writer, known for his social prose and radical leftist leanings. He was considered one of the best Polish-Jewish writers of the communist era.
S ...
,
Lucjan Szenwald
Lucjan Szenwald (; 13 March 1909 – 22 August 1944) was a Polish poet and communist activist.
He first made his appearance as a member of the Skamander group with the poem "Przybierający księżyc" (A Primping Moon). However he was generally ...
,
Stanisław Jerzy Lec
Stanisław Jerzy Lec (; 6 March 1909 – 7 May 1966), born Baron Stanisław Jerzy de Tusch-Letz, was a Poles, Polish aphorism, aphorist and poetry, poet. Often mentioned among the greatest writers of Military occupations by the Soviet Union, post- ...
,
Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński
Tadeusz Kamil Marcjan Żeleński (better known by his pen name, Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński or simply as Boy; 21 December 1874 – 4 July 1941) was a Polish stage writer, poet, critic and, above all, the translator of over 100 French literature , Frenc ...
and
Leon Chwistek
Leon Chwistek (Kraków, Austria-Hungary, 13 June 1884 – Barvikha near Moscow, Russia, 20 August 1944) was a Polish avant-garde painter, theoretician of modern art, literary critic, logician, philosopher and mathematician.
Career and philosophy ...
. In November 1939, a declaration of Polish writers was published in support of the incorporation of the Western Ukraine into Soviet Union.
References
See also
*
Nowe Widnokręgi
Polish-language newspapers
Newspapers established in 1939
Publications disestablished in 1941
Newspapers published in the Soviet Union
Communist newspapers
Soviet occupation of Eastern Poland 1939–1941
Mass media in Lviv
1939 establishments in Ukraine
1941 disestablishments in Ukraine
{{Ukraine-hist-stub