The Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (

Czech Czech may refer to: * Anything from or related to the Czech Republic, a country in Europe ** Czech language ** Czechs, the people of the area ** Czech culture ** Czech cuisine * One of three mythical brothers, Lech, Czech, and Rus' Places *Czech, ...

: ''Československá akademie věd'', Slovak: ''Česko-slovenská akadémia vied'') was established in 1953 to be the scientific center for

Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...

. It was succeeded by the

Czech Academy of Sciences The Czech Academy of Sciences (abbr. CAS, cs, Akademie věd České republiky, abbr. AV ČR) was established in 1992 by the Czech National Council as the Czech successor of the former Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences and its tradition goes back ...

(''Akademie věd České republiky'') and

Slovak Academy of Sciences The Slovak Academy of Sciences ( sk, Slovenská akadémia vied, or SAV) is the main scientific and research institution in Slovakia fostering basic and strategic basic research. It was founded in 1942, closed after World War II, and then reestab ...

(''Slovenská akadémia vied'') in 1992.

History

The

Royal Czech Society of Sciences Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences ( la, Regia Societas Scientiarum Bohemica; german: Königliche böhmische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften; cs, Královská česká společnost nauk) was established in 1784 – originally without the adjective " ...

, which encompassed both the humanities and the natural sciences, was established in the

Czech Crown lands The Lands of the Bohemian Crown were a number of incorporated states in Central Europe during the medieval and early modern periods connected by feudal relations under the Bohemian kings. The crown lands primarily consisted of the Kingdom of ...

in 1784. After the

Communist Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a s ...

regime came to power in Czechoslovakia in 1948, all scientific, non-university institutions and learned societies were dissolved and, in their place, the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences was founded by Act No. 52/1952. It comprised both a complex of research institutes and a learned society. The

, established in 1942 and re-established in 1953, was a formal part of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences from 1960 to 1992. During the 1960s the Academy operated a publishing house, the Publishing House of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, some whose books and book series, such as New Horizons, were jointly published with Artia.New Horizons
worldcat.org. Retrieved 9 February 2021. In 1992, the

Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic The Czech Academy of Sciences (abbr. CAS, cs, Akademie věd České republiky, abbr. AV ČR) was established in 1992 by the Czech National Council as the Czech successor of the former Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences and its tradition goes back ...

was established by Act No. 283/1992.

Presidents

Zdeněk Nejedlý Zdeněk Nejedlý (10 February 1878 – 9 March 1962) was a Czech musicologist, historian, music critic, author, and politician whose ideas dominated the cultural life of what is now the Czech Republic for most of the twentieth century. Although ...

(1952–1962) *

František Šorm František Šorm (28 February 1913 in Prague – 18 November 1980) was a Czech chemist known for synthesis of natural compounds, mainly terpenes and biologically active components of plants. Šorm was the founder of thInstitute for Organic Chem ...

(1962–1965; 1965–1969) *

Jaroslav Kožešník Jaroslav Kožešník (8 June 1907 in Kněžice (Jihlava District), Kněžice – 26 June 1985 in Prague) was a Czech and Czechoslovak scientist, mathematician, an expert in mechanics and automation (cybernetics), chairman of the Czechoslovak Academ ...

(1969–1970, 1970–1977, 1977–1980) *

Bohumil Kvasil Bohumil is a Slavic male given name. Means "favoured by God" from the Slavic elements bog ''god'' and mil ''favour''. Pronounced ''baw-huw-MIL''. Nicknames are Bob, Bobby, Bohouš, Bohoušek, Bohuš, Mila, Milek, Bogie, Boga, Bozha. Another forms a ...

(1981–1985) *

Josef Říman Josef may refer to *Josef (given name) *Josef (surname) * ''Josef'' (film), a 2011 Croatian war film *Musik Josef Musik Josef is a Japanese manufacturer of musical instruments. It was founded by Yukio Nakamura, and is the only company in Japan spe ...

(1985–1989) *

Otto Wichterle Otto Wichterle (; 27 October 1913 – 18 August 1998) was a Czech chemist, best known for his invention of modern soft contact lenses. Wichterle is the author or co-author of approximately 180 patents and over 200 publications. The studies ...

(1990–1992)

Notable members

Jaroslav Heyrovský Jaroslav Heyrovský () (December 20, 1890 – March 27, 1967) was a Czech chemist and inventor. Heyrovský was the inventor of the polarographic method, father of the electroanalytical method, and recipient of the Nobel Prize in 1959 for his ...

, who won the

Nobel Prize in Chemistry ) , image = Nobel Prize.png , alt = A golden medallion with an embossed image of a bearded man facing left in profile. To the left of the man is the text "ALFR•" then "NOBEL", and on the right, the text (smaller) "NAT•" then "M ...

in 1959 *

for his invention of soft

contact lenses Contact lenses, or simply contacts, are thin lenses placed directly on the surface of the eyes. Contact lenses are ocular prosthetic devices used by over 150 million people worldwide, and they can be worn to correct vision or for cosmetic ...

. Wichterle was also the first President of the Academy after the revival of democracy in the Czech Republic. * astrophysicist

Jiří Grygar Jiří Grygar (; March 17, 1936, in Heinersdorf, Germany, now Dziewiętlice, Poland) is a Czech astronomer, popularizer of science and Kalinga Prize (1996) laureate. Career After studying physics at the Masaryk University in Brno and astronomy ...

* mathematicians

Eduard Čech Eduard Čech (; 29 June 1893 – 15 March 1960) was a Czech mathematician. His research interests included projective differential geometry and topology. He is especially known for the technique known as Stone–Čech compactification (in topolo ...

and

Otakar Borůvka Otakar Borůvka (10 May 1899 in Uherský Ostroh – 22 July 1995 in Brno) was a Czech mathematician best known today for his work in graph theory.. Education and career Borůvka was born in Uherský Ostroh, a town in Moravia (then in Austria- ...

* chemist

Antonín Holý Antonín Holý (1 September 1936 – 16 July 2012) was a pioneering Czech scientist. He specialised in the field of chemistry and cooperated on the development of important antiretroviral drugs used in the treatment of HIV and hepatitis B. He was ...

* Polish mathematician

Czesław Olech Czesław Olech (22 May 1931 – 1 July 2015) was a Polish mathematician. He was a representative of the Kraków school of mathematics, especially the differential equations school of Tadeusz Ważewski. Education and career In 1954 he completed h ...

* cannabis researcher and chemist

Lumír Ondřej Hanuš Lumír Ondřej Hanuš ( he, לומיר הנוש) is a Czech analytic chemist and leading authority in the field of cannabis research. In 1992, he and William Anthony Devane isolated and first described the structure of anandamide, an endogenous ca ...

* biomedical scientist

Ján Vilček Ján is a Slovak form of the name John. Famous people named Ján * Ján Bahýľ, inventor * Ján Čapkovič, football player * Ján Čarnogurský, former Prime Minister of Slovakia * Ján Cikker, composer * Ján Ďurica, football player * Ján ...

* statistician

Zbyněk Šidák Zbyněk Šidák (24 October 1933 – 12 November 1999) was a Czech mathematician. He is known for developing the Šidák correction. Early life and education Šidák was born and raised in Golčův Jeníkov. He completed his undergraduate studie ...

References

External links

History of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic

History of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
{{authority control Organizations based in Czechoslovakia Scientific societies based in the Czech Republic Scientific organizations established in 1953 Organizations disestablished in 1992 1953 establishments in Czechoslovakia 1992 disestablishments in Czechoslovakia Science and technology in Czechoslovakia

History

Presidents

Notable members

See also

References

External links