''Cystoseira foeniculacea'' is a species of

brown alga Brown algae (singular: alga), comprising the class (biology), class Phaeophyceae, are a large group of multicellular algae, including many seaweeds located in colder waters within the Northern Hemisphere. Brown algae are the major seaweeds of the ...

in the genus ''

Cystoseira ''Cystoseira'' is a genus of brown algae in the order Fucales. Description ''Cystoseira'' is characterized by highly differentiated basal and apical regions and the presence of catenate pneumatocysts (air-vesicles). In ''Cystoseira'' old plants ...

''.

Description

''Cystoseira foeniculacea'' forms tufts up to long, attached to the substrate with a broad disc-shaped holdfast. It has many

cryptostoma Cryptostomata (singular: cryptostoma) are structures found in some types of brown algae. The anatomical structures are found in some species of '' Fucus'', but not in '' Pelvetia canaliculata''. They are conceptacle Conceptacles are specialized ca ...

ta, and

conceptacle Conceptacles are specialized cavities of marine and freshwater algae that contain the reproductive organs. They are situated in the receptacle and open by a small ostiole.Boney, A.D. (1969). ''A Biology of Marine Algae''. Hutchinson Educational L ...

s that may be male, female or both. Up to 12

oogonia An oogonium (plural oogonia) is a small diploid cell which, upon maturation, forms a primordial follicle in a female fetus or the female (haploid or diploid) gametangium of certain thallophytes. In the mammalian fetus Oogonia are formed in larg ...

may develop in each conceptacle. The proximity of the oogonia and the

antheridia An antheridium is a haploid structure or organ producing and containing male gametes (called ''antherozoids'' or sperm). The plural form is antheridia, and a structure containing one or more antheridia is called an androecium. Androecium is also t ...

strongly suggest that ''C. foeniculacea'' self-fertilises.

Distribution

''Cystoseira foeniculacea'' is found in the mid-

littoral zone The littoral zone or nearshore is the part of a sea, lake, or river that is close to the shore. In coastal ecology, the littoral zone includes the intertidal zone extending from the high water mark (which is rarely inundated), to coastal areas ...

and in other sheltered places, from the

British Isles The British Isles are a group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-western coast of continental Europe, consisting of the islands of Great Britain, Ireland, the Isle of Man, the Inner and Outer Hebrides, the Northern Isles, ...

Senegal Senegal,; Wolof: ''Senegaal''; Pulaar: 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Senegaali); Arabic: السنغال ''As-Sinighal'') officially the Republic of Senegal,; Wolof: ''Réewum Senegaal''; Pulaar : 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 � ...

, and in the

Mediterranean Sea The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the ea ...

Taxonomy

''Cystoseira foeniculacea'' was first described by

Carl Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...

in his seminal 1753 work ''

Species Plantarum ' (Latin for "The Species of Plants") is a book by Carl Linnaeus, originally published in 1753, which lists every species of plant known at the time, classified into genera. It is the first work to consistently apply binomial names and was the ...

'', under the name "''Fucus foeniculaceus''". Three other species described by Linnaeus were also later determined to refer to the same species by

Dawson Turner Dawson Turner (18 October 1775 – 21 June 1858) was an English banker, botanist and antiquary. He specialized in the botany of cryptogams and was the father-in-law of the botanist William Jackson Hooker. Life Turner was the son of Jam ...

, who chose the epithet "''foeniculacea''" as the valid name (under the "principle of the first reviser"). The

vernacular name A vernacular or vernacular language is in contrast with a "standard language". It refers to the language or dialect that is spoken by people that are inhabiting a particular country or region. The vernacular is typically the native language, n ...

"bushy feather wrack" has been proposed for this species.

References

External links

*
Linnaeus' original description
in ''

'' {{Taxonbar, from=Q22695197 Fucales Species described in 1753 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus