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''Cyrtandra'' (
DNA Barcoding Endemic Hawaiian Species Project. University of Hawaii, Hilo. with more being discovered often, and is thus the largest genus in the family
at the Oahu board of water supply. – the Latin name means cyrtandra with heart-shaped leaves *'' Cyrtandra crenata'' – Kahana Valley cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra cyaneoides'' – mapele *'' Cyrtandra dentata'' – mountain cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra elatostemoides'' *'' Cyrtandra elegans'' *'' Cyrtandra ferripilosa'' – red-hair cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra filipes'' – gulch cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra garnotiana'' – hahala *'' Cyrtandra giffardii'' – forest cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra gracilis'' – Palolo Valley cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra grandiflora'' – largeflower cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra grayana'' – Pacific cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra grayi'' – Gray's cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra halawensis'' – toothleaf cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra hashimotoi'' – Maui cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra hawaiensis'' – Hawaii cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra heinrichii'' – lava cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra hematos'' – singleflower cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra hirtigera'' *'' Cyrtandra hypochrysoides'' *'' Cyrtandra kalihii'' – Koolau Range cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra kamooloaensis'' – Kamo'oloa cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra kauaiensis'' – ulunahele *'' Cyrtandra kealiae'' **''Cyrtandra kealiae'' ssp. ''kealiae'' (syn. ''C. limahuliensis'') **''Cyrtandra kealiae'' ssp. ''urceolata'' *'' Cyrtandra kohalae'' – Kohala Mountain cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra laxiflora'' – Oahu cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra lessoniana'' – Lesson's cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra macraei'' – upland cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra menziesii'' – ha'i wale *'' Cyrtandra munroi'' – Lanaihale cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra nitens'' *'' Cyrtandra oenobarba'' – shaggystem cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra olona'' – Kauai cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra oxybapha'' – Pohakea Gulch cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra paliku'' – cliffside cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra paludosa'' – kanaweo ke'oke'o *'' Cyrtandra platyphylla'' – 'ilihia *'' Cyrtandra polyantha'' – Niu Valley cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra pruinosa'' – frosted cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra pulgarensis'' *'' Cyrtandra samoensis'' *'' Cyrtandra sessilis'' – windyridge cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra subumbellata'' – parasol cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra tahuatensis'' *'' Cyrtandra tintinnabula'' – Laupahoehoe cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra umbellifera'' *'' Cyrtandra viridiflora'' – greenleaf cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra waiolani'' – fuzzyflower cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra wawrae'' – rockface cyrtandra
New Latin
New Latin (also called Neo-Latin or Modern Latin) is the revival of Literary Latin used in original, scholarly, and scientific works since about 1500. Modern scholarly and technical nomenclature, such as in zoological and botanical taxonomy ...
, from Greek
Greek may refer to:
Greece
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group.
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family.
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...
, ''kyrtós'', "curved", and , ''anḗr'', "male", in reference to their prominently curved stamen
The stamen (plural ''stamina'' or ''stamens'') is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. Collectively the stamens form the androecium., p. 10
Morphology and terminology
A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filame ...
s) is a genus of flowering plants containing about 600 species,''Clermontia'' and ''Cyrtandra''.DNA Barcoding Endemic Hawaiian Species Project. University of Hawaii, Hilo. with more being discovered often, and is thus the largest genus in the family
Gesneriaceae
Gesneriaceae, the gesneriad family, is a family of flowering plants consisting of about 152 genera and ca. 3,540 species in the tropics and subtropics of the Old World (almost all Didymocarpoideae) and the New World (most Gesnerioideae), with ...
. These plants are native to Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...
, Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
, and the Pacific Islands
Collectively called the Pacific Islands, the islands in the Pacific Ocean are further categorized into three major island groups: Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Depending on the context, the term ''Pacific Islands'' may refer to one of se ...
, with the centre of diversity
A center of origin is a geographical area where a group of organisms, either domesticated or wild, first developed its distinctive properties. They are also considered centers of diversity. Centers of origin were first identified in 1924 by N ...
in Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...
and the Malesia
Malesia is a biogeographical region straddling the Equator and the boundaries of the Indomalayan and Australasian realms, and also a phytogeographical floristic region in the Paleotropical Kingdom. It has been given different definitions. The ...
n region. The genus is common, but many species within it are very rare, localized, and endangered
An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching and inva ...
endemic
Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...
plants. The species can be difficult to identify because they are highly polymorphic and because they readily hybridize
Hybridization (or hybridisation) may refer to:
*Hybridization (biology), the process of combining different varieties of organisms to create a hybrid
*Orbital hybridization, in chemistry, the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals
*Nu ...
with each other. The plants may be small herbs
In general use, herbs are a widely distributed and widespread group of plants, excluding vegetables and other plants consumed for macronutrients, with savory or aromatic properties that are used for flavoring and garnishing food, for medicinal ...
, vines
A vine (Latin ''vīnea'' "grapevine", "vineyard", from ''vīnum'' "wine") is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas or runners. The word ''vine'' can also refer to such stems or runners themselv ...
, shrub
A shrub (often also called a bush) is a small-to-medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees ...
s, epiphytes, or trees
In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are u ...
. The genus is characterized in part by having two stamen
The stamen (plural ''stamina'' or ''stamens'') is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. Collectively the stamens form the androecium., p. 10
Morphology and terminology
A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filame ...
s, and most species have white flowers, with a few red-, orange-, yellow-, and pink-flowered species known. Almost all species live in rainforest
Rainforests are characterized by a closed and continuous tree canopy, moisture-dependent vegetation, the presence of epiphytes and lianas and the absence of wildfire. Rainforest can be classified as tropical rainforest or temperate rainfores ...
habitats.
It is an example of a supertramp
Supertramp were an English rock band that formed in London in 1969. Marked by the individual songwriting of founders Roger Hodgson (vocals, keyboards, and guitars) and Rick Davies (vocals and keyboards), they are distinguished for blending p ...
genus.
Hawaii
Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only stat ...
an ''Cyrtandra'' are known as ''ha‘iwale''.
Species
Selected species include: *'' Cyrtandra aurantiicarpa'' *'' Cyrtandra biserrata'' – Molokai cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra calyptribracteata'' *'' Cyrtandra cleopatrae'' *'' Cyrtandra confertiflora'' – lava cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra cordifolia''Cyrtandra cordifoliaat the Oahu board of water supply. – the Latin name means cyrtandra with heart-shaped leaves *'' Cyrtandra crenata'' – Kahana Valley cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra cyaneoides'' – mapele *'' Cyrtandra dentata'' – mountain cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra elatostemoides'' *'' Cyrtandra elegans'' *'' Cyrtandra ferripilosa'' – red-hair cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra filipes'' – gulch cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra garnotiana'' – hahala *'' Cyrtandra giffardii'' – forest cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra gracilis'' – Palolo Valley cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra grandiflora'' – largeflower cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra grayana'' – Pacific cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra grayi'' – Gray's cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra halawensis'' – toothleaf cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra hashimotoi'' – Maui cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra hawaiensis'' – Hawaii cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra heinrichii'' – lava cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra hematos'' – singleflower cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra hirtigera'' *'' Cyrtandra hypochrysoides'' *'' Cyrtandra kalihii'' – Koolau Range cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra kamooloaensis'' – Kamo'oloa cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra kauaiensis'' – ulunahele *'' Cyrtandra kealiae'' **''Cyrtandra kealiae'' ssp. ''kealiae'' (syn. ''C. limahuliensis'') **''Cyrtandra kealiae'' ssp. ''urceolata'' *'' Cyrtandra kohalae'' – Kohala Mountain cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra laxiflora'' – Oahu cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra lessoniana'' – Lesson's cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra macraei'' – upland cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra menziesii'' – ha'i wale *'' Cyrtandra munroi'' – Lanaihale cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra nitens'' *'' Cyrtandra oenobarba'' – shaggystem cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra olona'' – Kauai cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra oxybapha'' – Pohakea Gulch cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra paliku'' – cliffside cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra paludosa'' – kanaweo ke'oke'o *'' Cyrtandra platyphylla'' – 'ilihia *'' Cyrtandra polyantha'' – Niu Valley cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra pruinosa'' – frosted cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra pulgarensis'' *'' Cyrtandra samoensis'' *'' Cyrtandra sessilis'' – windyridge cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra subumbellata'' – parasol cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra tahuatensis'' *'' Cyrtandra tintinnabula'' – Laupahoehoe cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra umbellifera'' *'' Cyrtandra viridiflora'' – greenleaf cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra waiolani'' – fuzzyflower cyrtandra *'' Cyrtandra wawrae'' – rockface cyrtandra
References
Further reading
*External links
{{Taxonbar, from=Q2623565 Gesneriaceae genera