''Cypraea'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of medium-sized to large

sea snail Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...

s or cowries,

marine Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

s in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Cypraeidae, the cowries.

Species

Species within the genus ''Cypraea'' include: * † ''

Cypraea ficoides ''Cypraea'' is a genus of medium-sized to large sea snails or cowries, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Species Species within the genus ''Cypraea'' include: * † '' Cypraea ficoides'' (Hutton, 1873) * '' Cypr ...

'' (Hutton, 1873) * ''

Cypraea pantherina ''Cypraea pantherina'', common name the panther cowry, is a species of large tropical sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. The panther cowry is one of only two species currently included in the ge ...

Lightfoot Lightfoot may refer to: * Lightfoot (surname) * Lightfoot (lacrosse), Native American lacrosse player * Lightfoot, Virginia, an area of York County that is west of Williamsburg, VA * Operation Lightfoot, part of the Second Battle of El Alamein ...

, 1786 * † ''

Cypraea porcellus ''Cypraea'' is a genus of medium-sized to large sea snails or cowries, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Species Species within the genus ''Cypraea'' include: * † '' Cypraea ficoides'' (Hutton, 1873) * '' Cypr ...

'' Brocchi, 1814 * ''

Cypraea tigris ''Cypraea tigris'', commonly known as the tiger cowrie, is a species of cowry, a large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Taxonomy The tiger cowry was one of the many species originally described b ...

'' Linnaeus,

1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...

;Nomen dubium: * ''Cypraea contrastriata'' Perry, 1811 (synonyms: ''Arestorides argus contrastriata'' (Perry, 1811); ''Cypraea argus contrastriata'' Perry, 1811; ''Talparia argus contrastriata'' (Perry, 1811) )

Synonyms

Almost all species previously belonging to ''Cypraea'' have been reassigned to other genera within the family Cypraeidae: * ''Cypraea achatidea'' Sowerby, 1837: synonym of ''

Schilderia achatidea ''Schilderina achatidea'', common name agate cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Schilderina achatidea (Gray, 1837). Accessed throug ...

'' * ''Cypraea acicularis'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

Erosaria acicularis ''Naria acicularis'', common name the Atlantic yellow cowry, is a species of cowry, a sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Forms Although they are of no taxonomic significance, there are two named forms o ...

'' * ''Cypraea aenigma'' Lorenz, 2002: synonym of ''

Nesiocypraea aenigma ''Nesiocypraea aenigma'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae Cypraeidae, commonly named the cowries ( cowry), is a taxonomic family of small to large sea snails. These are marine gastropod m ...

'' * ''Cypraea albuginosa'' Gray, 1825: synonym of ''

Erosaria albuginosa ''Naria'' is a genus of sea snails, cowries, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Erosariinae of the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Species Species within the genus ''Naria'' include: *''Naria acicularis'' (Gmelin, 1791) * † '' Naria a ...

'' * ''Cypraea alexhuberti'' Lorenz & Huber, 1999: synonym of ''

Austrasiatica alexhuberti ''Austrasiatica axelhuberti'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cypraeidae Cypraeidae, commonly named the cowries ( cowry), is a taxonomic family of small to large sea snails. These are marine gastr ...

'' * ''Cypraea alfredensis'' (Schilder & Schilder, 1929): synonym of ''

Cypraeovula alfredensis ''Cypraeovula alfredensis'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae Cypraeidae, commonly named the cowries ( cowry), is a taxonomic family of small to large sea snails. These are marine gastropo ...

'' (Schilder & Schilder, 1929) * ''Cypraea algoensis'' Gray, 1825: synonym of ''

Cypraeovula algoensis ''Cypraeovula algoensis'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae Cypraeidae, commonly named the cowries ( cowry), is a taxonomic family of small to large sea snails. These are marine gastropod ...

'' * ''Cypraea alisonae'' Burgess, 1983: synonym of ''

Blasicrura alisonae ''Talostolida pellucens'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. There are two subspecies: *''Talostolida pellucens panamensis'' (Lorenz, 2002) *''Talostolida pellucens pellucens'' ...

'' * ''Cypraea amarata'' (Meuschen, 1787): synonym of ''

Mauritia scurra ''Mauritia scurra'', common name the jester cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. ;Subspecies: * ''Mauritia scurra occidua'' C. P. Meyer & Lorenz, 2017 * ''Mauritia scurra sc ...

'' * ''Cypraea amphitales'' Melvill, 1888 : synonym of ''

Cypraeovula amphitales ''Cypraeovula'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Pustulariinae of the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Species Species and subspecies within the genus ''Cypraeovula'' include according to the World Register o ...

'' * ''Cypraea androyensis'' Blocher & Lorenz, 1999: synonym of ''

Palmadusta androyensis ''Palmadusta androyensis'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. There are three subspecies : *''Palmadusta androyensis androyensis'' Blocher & Lorenz, 1999 *'' Palmadusta androye ...

'' * ''Cypraea angelicae'' Clover, 1974: synonym of '' Zonaria angelicae'' * ''Cypraea angioyorum'' Biraghi, 1978: synonym of '' Erronea angioyorum'' * ''Cypraea angustata'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

Notocypraea angustata ''Notocypraea angustata'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. __TOC__ Distribution This species and its subspecies occur in the seas along southern Australia Australia, ...

'' * ''Cypraea annettae'' Dall, 1909: synonym of '' Pseudozonaria annettae'' * ''Cypraea annulus'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of ''

Monetaria annulus ''Monetaria annulus'', common name the ring cowrie, ring top cowrie, or gold ring cowrie, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description The shell size varies between 9 mm ...

'' * ''Cypraea arabica'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Mauritia arabica'' * ''Cypraea arabicula'': synonym of '' Pseudozonaria arabicula'' * ''Cypraea argus'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of ''

Arestorides argus ''Arestorides argus'', commonly called the eyed cowrie, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Subspecies Two subspecies are recognized : *''Arestorides argus argus'' ( Linnaeus, ...

'' * ''Cypraea armeniaca'' Verco, 1912: synonym of ''

Umbilia armeniaca ''Umbilia armeniaca'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description Distribution References

Cypraeidae Gastropods described in 1912 {{Cypraeidae ...

'' * ''Cypraea artuffeli'' Jousseaume, 1876: synonym of '' Palmadusta artuffeli'' * ''Cypraea aurantium''

Gmelin Gmelin may refer to: * Gmelin's test, a chemical test * Gmelin database, a German handbook/encyclopedia of inorganic compounds initiated by Leopold Gmelin People * Carl Christian Gmelin (1762–1837), German botanist, author of ''Flora Badensis ...

, 1791: synonym of '' Lyncina aurantium'' * ''Cypraea barbieri'' Raybaudi, 1986: synonym of '' Purpuradusta barbieri'' * ''Cypraea asellus'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Palmadusta asellus'' * ''Cypraea barclayi'' Reeve, 1857: synonym of '' Contradusta barclayi'' * ''Cypraea beckii'' Gaskoin, 1836 is a synonym of '' Erosaria beckii'' * ''Cypraea bernardi'' Richard, 1974: synonym of '' Erosaria bernardi'' * ''Cypraea bistrinotata'' Schilder & Schilder, 1937: synonym of '' Pustularia bistrinotata'' * ''Cypraea boivinii'' Kiener, 1843: synonym of '' Erosaria boivinii'' * ''Cypraea boucheti'' Lorenz, 2002: synonym of '' Palmulacypraea boucheti'' * ''Cypraea bregeriana'' Crosse, 1868: synonym of ''

Contradusta bregeriana ''Contradusta bregeriana'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Ar ...

'' * ''Cypraea brevidentata'' Sowerby, 1870: synonym of '' Bistolida brevidentata'' * ''Cypraea broderipii'' Gray in Sowerby, 1832: synonym of'' Lyncina broderipii'' * ''Cypraea camelopardalis'' Perry, 1811: synonym of '' Lyncina camelopardalis'' * ''Cypraea capensis'': synonym of ''

Cypraeovula capensis ''Cypraeovula capensis'', common name the Cape cowrie, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Subspecies The following subspecies are accepted : *''Cypraeovula capensis archilyra' ...

'' * ''Cypraea capricornica'' Lorenz, 1989is a synonym of ''

Umbilia capricornica ''Umbilia capricornica'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), aff ...

'' * ''Cypraea caputdraconis'' Melvill, 1888: synonym of '' Monetaria caputdraconis'' * ''Cypraea caputserpentis'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Erosaria caputserpentis'' * ''Cypraea carneola'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Lyncina carneola'' * ''Cypraea carneola sowerbyi'' Anton, 1838: synonym of '' Lyncina carneola'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Cypraea castanea'' Higgins, 1868: synonym of ''

Cypraeovula castanea ''Cypraeovula castanea'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), aff ...

'' * ''Cypraea catholicorum'' Schilder, 1938: synonym of '' Cribrarula catholicorum'' * ''Cypraea caurica'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Erronea caurica'' * ''Cypraea cernica'' Sowerby, 1870: synonym of '' Erosaria cernica'' * ''Cypraea cervinetta'' Kiener, 1843: synonym of ''

Macrocypraea cervinetta ''Macrocypraea cervinetta'', the little deer cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Macrocypraea cervinetta (Kiener, 1844). Accessed t ...

'' * ''Cypraea cervus'' Linnaeus, 1771: synonym of ''

Macrocypraea cervus ''Macrocypraea cervus'', common name the Atlantic deer cowry, is a species of large sea snail, a very large cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Distribution This species is mainly distributed in the tropical ...

'' * ''Cypraea chiapponii'' Lorenz, 1999: synonym of '' Pustularia chiapponii'' * ''Cypraea childreni'' Gray, 1825: synonym of '' Ipsa childreni'' * ''Cypraea chinensis'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Ovatipsa chinensis'' * ''Cypraea cicercula'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Pustularia cicercula'' * ''Cypraea cinerea'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Luria cinerea'' * ''Cypraea citrina'' Gray, 1825: synonym of '' Erosaria citrina'' * ''Cypraea clandestina'' Linnaeus, 1767: synonym of '' Palmadusta clandestina'' * ''Cypraea cohenae'' Burgess, 1965: synonym of ''

Cypraeovula cohenae ''Cypraeovula'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Pustulariinae of the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Species Species and subspecies within the genus ''Cypraeovula'' include according to the World Register ...

'' * ''Cypraea colligata'' Lorenz, 2002: synonym of ''

Cypraeovula colligata ''Cypraeovula colligata'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), a ...

'' * ''Cypraea coloba'' Melvill, 1888: synonym of '' Ovatipsa coloba'' * ''Cypraea comptonii'' Gray, 1847: synonym of ''

Notocypraea comptoni ''Notocypraea'' is a genus of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Cypraeidae, the cowries.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Notocypraea Schilder, 1927. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Sp ...

'' * ''Cypraea connelli'' Liltved, 1983: synonym of '' Cypraeovula connelli'' * ''Cypraea conoidea'' Scopoli, 1786: synonym of '' Morum oniscus'' (Linnaeus, 1767) * ''Cypraea contaminata'' Sowerby, 1832: synonym of '' Palmadusta contaminata'' * ''Cypraea controversa'' Gray, 1824: synonym of ''

Luria controversa ''Luria controversa'', the 'Controversial Isabella', is a species of cowry, a sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Some specialists consider ''Luria controversa'' a valid species (F. A. Schilder), while ...

'' * ''Cypraea coronata'' Schilder 1930: synonym of ''

Cypraeovula coronata ''Cypraeovula coronata'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), aff ...

'' * ''Cypraea costispunctata'' G. B. Sowerby II, 1870: synonym of '' Pusula costispunctata'' (G. B. Sowerby II, 1870) * ''Cypraea coxeni'' Cox, 1873: synonym of '' Eclogavena coxeni'' * ''Cypraea cribellum'' Gaskoin, 1849: synonym of '' Cribrarula cribellum'' * ''Cypraea cribraria'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of ''

Cribrarula cribraria ''Cribrarula cribraria'', the 'sieve/tan and white cowry', is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description The mantle of this cowry is translucent bright orange-red. ''Cribrarula ...

'' * ''Cypraea cruenta'': synonym of '' Ovatipsa chinensis'' * ''Cypraea cruickshanki'' Kilburn, 1972: synonym of ''

Cypraeovula cruickshanki ''Cypraeovula cruickshanki'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), ...

'' * ''Cypraea cumingii'' Sowerby, 1832: synonym of '' Cribrarula cumingii'' * ''Cypraea cylindrica'' Born, 1778: synonym of ''

Erronea cylindrica ''Erronea cylindrica'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description The shells reach of length. These cowries have a surface smooth and shiny. They are cylindrical, their ba ...

'' * ''Cypraea dayritiana'' Cate, 1963: synonym of '' Eclogavena dayritiana'' * ''Cypraea decipiens'' Smith, 1880: synonym of ''

Zoila decipiens ''Zoila decipiens'', common names the "humpback cowry" or "deceptive cowry", is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. This shell got its Latin name ''decipiens'', meaning ''deceiving ...

'' * ''Cypraea declivis'' Sowerby II, 1870: synonym of ''

Notocypraea declivis ''Notocypraea'' is a genus of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Notocypraea Schilder, 1927. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http:/ ...

'' * ''Cypraea deforges]'' Lorenz, 2002: synonym of ''

Austrasiatica deforgesi ''Austrasiatica deforgesi'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), ...

'' * ''Cypraea depressa'' Gray, 1824: synonym of '' Mauritia depressa'' * ''Cypraea diauges'' Melvill 1888 syn. of '' Bistolida diauges'' * ''Cypraea dillwyni'' Schilder 1922: synonym of '' Cryptocypraea dillwyni'' * ''Cypraea diluculum'' Reeve, 1845: synonym of '' Palmadusta diluculum'' * ''Cypraea eburnea'' Barnes, 1824: synonym of '' Erosaria eburnea'' * ''Cypraea edentula'': synonym of ''

Cypraeovula edentula ''Cypraeovula edentulata'', common name : the toothless cowrie, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description Distribution This marine species is distributed along Tanzania ...

'' * ''Cypraea eglantina'' Duclos, 1833: synonym of '' Mauritia eglantina'' * ''Cypraea eludens'' Raybaudi, 1991: synonym of ''

Zoila eludens ''Zoila'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Species Species within the genus ''Zoila'' include: * '' Zoila alabaster'' Mont & Lorenz, 2013 * † '' Zoila campestris'' Darragh, 2011 * † ...

'' * ''Cypraea englerti'' Summers & Burgess, 1965: synonym of '' Erosaria englerti'' * ''Cypraea erosa'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Erosaria erosa'' * ''Cypraea errones'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Erronea errones'' * ''Cypraea erythraeensis'' Sowerby, 1837: synonym of '' Bistolida erythraeensis'' * ''Cypraea esontropia'' Duclos, 1833: synonym of '' Cribrarula esontropia'' * ''Cypraea exmouthensis'' Melvill, 1888: synonym of '' Cribrarula exmouthensis'' * ''Cypraea exusta'' Sowerby, 1832: synonym of '' Talparia exusta'' * ''Cypraea fallax'' Smith, 1881: synonym of '' Cribrarula fallax'' * ''Cypraea felina'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

Melicerona felina ''Melicerona felina'', common name the kitten cowrie, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description ''Melicerona felina'' has a shell reaching a size of 10–30 mm. Dors ...

'' * ''Cypraea fernandoi'' Cate, 1969: synonym of ''

Erosa fernadoi The pitted stonefish (''Erosa erosa''), also known as the Pacific monkey-fish, is a species of venomous ray-finned fish, a stonefish be longing to the subfamily Synanceiinae of the family Scorpaenidae, the scorpionfishes and their relatives. It ...

'' * ''Cypraea fimbriata'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Purpuradusta fimbriata'' * ''Cypraea friendii'' Gray, 1831: synonym of ''

Zoila friendii ''Zoila friendii'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae Cypraeidae, commonly named the cowries ( cowry), is a taxonomic family of small to large sea snails. These are marine gastropod mollus ...

'' * ''Cypraea fultoni'' Sowerby, 1903: synonym of ''

Barycypraea fultoni Fulton's Cowry (or Maltese Cross Cowry) ranks among the most famous and sought-after species of the family Cypraeidae. In the 1980s, a collector bought the then world record size (slightly less than 80 mm) specimen for US$22,000. Not long af ...

'' * ''Cypraea fuscodentata'': synonym of ''

Cypraeovula fuscodentata ''Cypraeovula fuscodentata'' (dark-toothed cowrie, also spelled 'cowry') is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a predatory marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.

'' * ''Cypraea fuscorubra'' Shaw, 1909: synonym of ''

Cypraeovula fuscorubra ''Cypraeovula fuscorubra'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Subspecies *''Cypraeovula fuscorubra fuscorubra'' (Shaw, 1909) *''Cypraeovula fuscorubra gondwanalandensis'' (Bur ...

'' * ''Cypraea gangranosa'' Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of '' Erosaria gangranosa'' * ''Cypraea garciai'' Lorenz & Raines, 2001: synonym of '' Cribrarula garciai'' * ''Cypraea gaskoini'' Reeve, 1846: synonym of '' Cribrarula gaskoini'' * ''Cypraea gilvella'' Lorenz, 2002: synonym of '' Luria gilvella'' * ''Cypraea globosa'': synonym of ''

Lyncina lynx ''Lyncina lynx'', common name : the lynx cowry or eyed cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description ''Lyncina lynx'' is quite common. The shells of the ...

'' * ''Cypraea globulus'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Pustularia globulus'' * ''Cypraea goodalli'' Sowerby I, 1832: synonym of '' Bistolida goodallii'' * ''Cypraea gracilis'' Gaskoin, 1849: synonym of '' Purpuradusta gracilis'' * ''Cypraea granulata'' Pease, 1862: synonym of ''

Nucleolaria granulata ''Nucleolaria granulata'', common name the granulated cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description The shell of this quite uncommon cowry reaches on average of length, ...

'' * ''Cypraea grayana'' Schilder, 1930: synonym of '' Mauritia grayana'' * ''Cypraea guttata'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Perisserosa guttata'' * ''Cypraea hammondae'' Iredale, 1939: synonym of '' Purpuradusta hammondae'' * ''Cypraea hartsmithi'' Schilder, 1967: synonym of '' Notocypraea hartsmithi'' * ''Cypraea helvola'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Erosaria helvola'' * ''Cypraea hesitata'' Jousseaume, 1884: synonym of ''

Umbilia hesitata ''Umbilia hesitata'', common name the umbilicate cowry or wonder cowry is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family (biology), family Cypraeidae, the cowries.Bouchet, P. (2011). Umbilia hesitata (Iredale, 1916). Acc ...

'' * ''Cypraea hirundo'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Blasicrura hirundo'' * ''Cypraea histrio'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

Mauritia histrio ''Mauritia histrio'', common name the harlequin cowry or the stage cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description These quite common large shell reach on ...

'' * ''Cypraea humphreysii''

Gray Grey (more common in British English) or gray (more common in American English) is an intermediate color between black and white. It is a neutral or achromatic color, meaning literally that it is "without color", because it can be composed o ...

, 1825: synonym of '' Palmadusta humphreysii'' * ''Cypraea hungerfordi lovetha'' Poppe, Tagaro & Buijse, 2005: synonym of ''Paradusta hungerfordi bealsi'' (Mock, 1996) * ''Cypraea inocellata'' Gray is a synonym of '' Erosaria miliaris'' * ''Cypraea interrupta'' Gray, 1824: synonym of '' Blasicrura interrupta'' * ''Cypraea isabella'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of ''

Luria isabella ''Luria isabella'', common names Isabel's cowry, Isabella cowry or fawn-coloured cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.

'' * ''Cypraea kieneri'' Hidalgo, 1906: synonym of '' Bistolida kieneri'' * ''Cypraea lamarckii'' Gray, 1825: synonym of ''

Erosaria lamarckii ''Naria lamarckii'', common name the Lamarck's cowrie, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description The shells of these common cowries reach on average of length, with a minim ...

'' * ''Cypraea lentiginosa'': synonym of '' Palmadusta lentiginosa'' * ''Cypraea leucodon'' Broderip, 1828: synonym of '' Lyncina leucodon'' (Broderip, 1828) * ''Cypraea leucodon leucodon'' Broderip, 1828: synonym of '' Lyncina leucodon'' (Broderip, 1828) * ''Cypraea leviathan'' Schilder & Schilder, 1937: synonym of '' Lyncina leviathan'' * ''Cypraea lisetae'' Kilburn, 1975: synonym of ''

Nesiocypraea lisetae ''Nesiocypraea'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.Rosenberg, G. (2012). Nesiocypraea Azuma & Kurohara, 1967. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies. ...

'' * ''Cypraea limacina'' Lamarck, 1810: synonym of '' Staphylaea limacina'' * ''Cypraea lurica'': synonym of '' Erronea caurica'' * ''Cypraea lurida'' Linnaeus: synonym of '' Luria lurida'' * ''Cypraea lynx'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of ''

'' * ''Cypraea macandrewi'' Sowerby, 1870: synonym of '' Erosaria macandrewi'' * ''Cypraea maculifera'' Schilder, 1932: synonym of ''

Mauritia maculifera ''Mauritia maculifera'', common name : the blotched cowry or reticulated cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description The shells of these Cowrie, cowri ...

'' * ''Cypraea madagascariensis'' Gmelin, 1790: synonym of'' Staphylaea nucleus madagascariensis'' * ''Cypraea mappa'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of ''

Leporicypraea mappa ''Leporicypraea mappa'' (previously known as ''Cypraea mappa''), common name the map cowry, is a species of large sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. This is considered an economically importa ...

'' * ''Cypraea margarita'' Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of '' Pustularia margarita'' * ''Cypraea marginalis'' Dillwyn, 1827: synonym of '' Erosaria marginalis'' * ''Cypraea mariae'' Schilder, 1927: synonym of''

Annepona mariae ''Annepona mariae '' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. The species was named after German malacologist Maria Schilder. Description The oval, porcellaneous shell is 9–20&nb ...

'' * ''Cypraea mauiensis'' Burgess, 1967: synonym of '' Pustularia mauiensis'' * ''Cypraea mauritiana'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of ''

Mauritia mauritiana ''Mauritia mauritiana'', common names the humpback cowry, chocolate cowry, mourning cowry and Mauritius cowry, is a species of tropical sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.Purpuradusta microdon'' * ''Cypraea miliaris'' Gmelin, 1790: synonym of '' Erosaria miliaris'' * ''Cypraea minoridens'' Melvill, 1901: synonym of '' Purpuradusta minoridens'' * ''Cypraea moneta'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Monetaria moneta'' * ''Cypraea mus'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of ''

Muracypraea mus ''Muracypraea mus'', common name the mouse cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Cypraeidae, the cowries. This species was once considered to belong to the archaic genus ''Siphocypr ...

'' * ''Cypraea nebrites'' Melvill, 1888: synonym of '' Erosaria nebrites'' * ''Cypraea nigropunctata'' Gray, 1828: synonym of '' Pseudozonaria nigropunctata'' * ''Cypraea nivosa'' Broderip, 1827: synonym of '' Lyncina nivosa'' * ''Cypraea nucleus'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Staphylaea nucleus'' * ''Cypraea ocellata'' L.: synonym of '' Erosaria ocellata'' * ''Cypraea oniscus'' Lamarck, 1810: synonym of '' Triviella aperta'' (Swainson, 1822) * ''Cypraea onyx'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Erronea onyx'' * ''Cypraea owenii'' Sowerby, 1837: synonym of '' Bistolida owenii'' * ''Cypraea ovum'' Gmelin 1791 (synonym of ''

Erronea ovum ''Erronea ovum'', common name the egg cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description The shells of these quite common cowries reach on average of lengt ...

'' * ''Cypraea pallida'': synonym of ''

Erronea pallida ''Erronea pallida'', common name pale cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description The shell size varies between 13 mm and 34 mm. The dorsum surface is usua ...

'' * ''Cypraea pallidula'' (Gaskoin, 1849): synonym of '' Blasicrura pallidula'' * ''Cypraea pediculus'' var. ''cimex'' G. B. Sowerby II, 1870: synonym of ''

Pusula cimex ''Pusula'' is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Triviidae, the false cowries or trivias. Species Species within the genus ''Pusula'' include: * † ''Pusula alienigena'' Schilder, 1928 * ''Pusula bessei'' P ...

'' (G. B. Sowerby II, 1870) * ''Cypraea picta'' Gray, 1824: synonym of '' Zonaria picta'' * ''Cypraea piperita'' Gray, 1825: synonym of ''

Notocypraea piperita ''Notocypraea piperita'', common name peppered cowrie, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description ''Notocypraea piperita'' has a shell reaching a size of 16–30 mm. T ...

'' * ''Cypraea poraria'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Erosaria poraria'' * ''Cypraea propinqua'' Garrett, 1879: synonym of '' Lyncina carneola'' * ''Cypraea pulchra'' Gray, 1824: synonym of '' Luria pulchra'' * ''Cypraea pulchella'' Swainson, 1823: synonym of '' Contradusta pulchella'' * ''Cypraea punctata'' Linnaeus, 1771: synonym of '' Ransoniella punctata'' * ''Cypraea pyriformis'' Gray, 1824 (synonym of ''

Erronea pyriformis ''Erronea pyriformis'', common name the pear-shaped cowrie, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description The shells of these quite uncommon cowries reach on average of lengt ...

'' * ''Cypraea pyrum'' Gmelin, 1791 (synonym of '' Zonaria pyrum'' * ''Cypraea reticulata'' Martyn, 1784: synonym of ''

'' * ''Cypraea robertsi'' Hidalgo, 1906: synonym of '' Pseudozonaria robertsi'' * ''Cypraea sakuraii'' (Habe, 1970): synonym of '' Austrasiatica sakuraii'' (Habe, 1970) * ''Cypraea schilderorum'' Iredale, 1939: synonym of ''

Lyncina schilderorum ''Lyncina schilderorum'', common names the sandy cowry or Schilder's cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. This species was named in honor of Franz and Maria Schilder, two ...

'' * ''Cypraea scurra'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

'' * ''Cypraea solandri'' G. B. Sowerby I, 1832: synonym of ''

Pusula solandri ''Pusula'' is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Triviidae, the false cowries or trivias. Species Species within the genus ''Pusula'' include: * † ''Pusula alienigena'' Schilder, 1928 * ''Pusula bessei'' P ...

'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1832) * ''Cypraea spadicea'' Swainson, 1823: synonym of ''

Neobernaya spadicea ''Neobernaya spadicea'', common name the chestnut cowrie, is a species of sea snail in the cowrie family, Cypraeidae. Chestnut cowries can be found in the eastern Pacific Ocean, from central California to Baja California. The chestnut cowrie has ...

'' * ''Cypraea spurca'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Erosaria spurca'' * ''Cypraea staphylaea'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Staphylaea staphylaea'' * ''Cypraea stercoraria'' Linnaeus: synonym of '' Trona stercoraria'' * ''Cypraea stolida'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Bistolida stolida'' * ''Cypraea subviridis'' Reeve, 1835: synonym of ''

Erronea subviridis ''Erronea'' is a genus of sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks in the family (biology), family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Species Species within the genus ''Erronea'' include: * ''Erronea adusta'' (Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, Lamarck, ...

'' (Reeve, 1835) * ''Cypraea sulcidentata'' Gray, 1824): synonym of '' Lyncina sulcidentata'' * ''Cypraea surinamensis'' G. Perry, 1811: synonym of ''

Propustularia surinamensis ''Propustularia surinamensis'', common name the Surinam cowry or Suriname cowrie, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. The common name and specific epithet refer to the northern ...

'' * ''Cypraea talpa'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of ''

Talparia talpa ''Talparia talpa'', common name the mole cowry or chocolate banded cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Subspecies * ''Talparia talpa lutani'' Bridges, 2015 * ''Talparia tal ...

'' * ''Cypraea teres'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of ''

Blasicrura teres ''Talostolida teres'', common name the tapering cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Subspecies Recognized subspecies within this species are: *''Talostolida teres alveolus' ...

'' * ''Cypraea tessellata'' Swainson, 1822: synonym of '' Luria tessellata'' * ''Cypraea testudinaria'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of ''

Chelycypraea testudinaria ''Chelycypraea testudinaria'', common name the tortoise cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. There is one subspecies, ''Chelycypraea testudinaria ingens'' Schilder, F.A. ...

'' * ''Cypraea teuleri'' Cazenavette, 1845: synonym of '' Bernaya teulerei'' * ''Cypraea thomasi'' Crosse, 1865: synonym of '' Erosaria thomasi'' * ''Cypraea turdus'' Lamarck, 1810: synonym of '' Erosaria turdus'' * ''Cypraea umbilicata'' G.B. Sowerby I, 1825: synonym of ''

'' (Iredale, 1916) * ''Cypraea ursellus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Bistolida ursellus'' * ''Cypraea ventriculus'' Lamarck, 1810: synonym of ''

Lyncina ventriculus ''Lyncina ventriculus'', the ventral cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Description The shells of these uncommon cowries reach on average of length, with a minimum size ...

'' * ''Cypraea venusta'' Sowerby, 1847: synonym of ''

Zoila venusta ''Zoila'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Cypraeidae Cypraeidae, commonly named the cowries ( cowry), is a taxonomic family of small to large sea snails. These are marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamil ...

'' * ''Cypraea verhoefi'' Burgess, 1982: synonym of ''

'' (Higgins, 1868) * ''Cypraea vitellus'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of '' Lyncina vitellus'' * ''Cypraea vredenburgi'' Schilder, 1927: synonym of '' Erronea vredenburgi'' * ''Cypraea walkeri'' Sowerby, 1832: synonym of ''

Contradusta walkeri ''Contradusta walkeri'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Subspecies *''Contradusta walkeri continens'' (Tom Iredale, Iredale, 1935) *''Contradusta walkeri s ...

'' * ''Cypraea xanthodon'' Sowerby I, 1832: synonym of ''

Erronea xanthodon ''Erronea'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Species Species within the genus ''Erronea'' include: * '' Erronea adusta'' ( Lamarck, 1810) * '' Erronea angioyorum'' Biraghi, 1978 * '' Er ...

'' * ''Cypraea zebra'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of ''

Macrocypraea zebra ''Macrocypraea zebra'', common name the measled cowrie, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Subspecies *''Macrocypraea zebra dissimilis'', Schilder, Franz Alfred, 1924

'' * ''Cypraea ziczac'' Linnaeus,

: synonym of ''

Palmadusta ziczac ''Palmadusta ziczac'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Subspecies and formae *''Palmadusta ziczac misella'' ( Perry, 1811) *''Palmadusta ziczac ziczac signata'' (f) Ireda ...

'' * ''Cypraea zonaria'' Gmelin: synonym of ''

Zonaria zonaria ''Zonaria zonaria'' is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Subspecies * ''Zonaria zonaria zonaria'' (Gmelin, 1791) *''Zonaria zonaria gambiensis'' (Shaw, 1909) synonym of ''Zonari ...

References

External links

Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae. ii, 824 pp
{{Authority control Cypraeidae Gastropod genera Extant Miocene first appearances