''Cyclostrema'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
sea snail
Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...
s,
marine
Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean.
Marine or marines may refer to:
Ocean
* Maritime (disambiguation)
* Marine art
* Marine biology
* Marine debris
* Marine habitats
* Marine life
* Marine pollution
Military
* ...
gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...
mollusk
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...
s in the
family
Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...
Liotiidae
Liotiidae is a family of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Vetigastropoda (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).Gofas, S. (2013). Liotiidae Gray, 1850. Accessed through: World Register of ...
.
''Cyclostrema'' is a neuter word, but many authors have considered it feminine, including Captain Marryat himself.
A complete revision of the family Liotiidae is under way (2013). Many species, now included in ''Cyclostrema'', will eventually end up outside the family Liotiidae. (pers. comm.)
Description
The characteristics of this genus are: The depressed shell is white, or uniformly colored. The
body whorl
The body whorl is part of the morphology of the shell in those gastropod mollusks that possess a coiled shell. The term is also sometimes used in a similar way to describe the shell of a cephalopod mollusk.
In gastropods
In gastropods, the b ...
is obliquely striate. The
spire
A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spires are ...
short. The
aperture
In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane.
An opt ...
is circular. The
umbilicus is very large with the volutions of the
whorl
A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs).
Whorls in nature
File:Photograph and axial plane floral ...
s visible within it. The surface contains spiral ridges and is cancellated.
Species
Species within the genus ''Cyclostrema'' include:
* ''
Cyclostrema alveolatum''
Jousseaume, 1872 (taxon inquirendum)
* ''
Cyclostrema amabile''
(Dall, 1889)
* ''
Cyclostrema annuliferum''
Dautzenberg, 1910
* ''
Cyclostrema archeri
''Cyclostrema archeri'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Liotiidae.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Cyclostrema archeri'' Tryon, 1888. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aph ...
''
Tryon, 1888
* ''
Cyclostrema bibi''
Espinosa, Ortea, Fernandez-Garcés & Moro, 2007
* ''
Cyclostrema bushi''
Dautzenberg & H. Fisher, 1906
* ''
Cyclostrema cancellatum
''Cyclostrema cancellatum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Liotiidae.
Description
The size of the shell varies between 8 mm and 15 mm. The white, sublenticular shell is flattened convex above, ...
''
Marryat, 1818
* ''
Cyclostrema carinatum''
H. Adams, 1873
* ''
Cyclostrema charmophron''
Melvill, 1906
* ''
Cyclostrema cingulatum''
Philippi, 1853
* ''
Cyclostrema crassiolatum''
Strebel, 1908
* ''
Cyclostrema densilaminata''
Verco, 1907
* ''
Cyclostrema dollfusi''
Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1896
* ''
Cyclostrema dunkeri''
Tryon, 1888
* ''
Cyclostrema eumares''
Melvill, 1904
* ''
Cyclostrema eupoietum''
Melvill, 1904
* ''
Cyclostrema exiguum''
Philippi, 1849
* ''
Cyclostrema gyalum''
Melvill, 1904
* ''
Cyclostrema huesonicum''
(Dall, 1927)
* ''
Cyclostrema lacteum
''Cyclostrema'' is a genus of sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks in the family (biology), family Liotiidae.
''Cyclostrema'' is a neuter word, but many authors have considered it feminine, including Captain Marryat himself.
A ...
''
Jousseaume, 1872 (status: uncertain - unassessed)
* ''
Cyclostrema marchei''
Jousseaume, 1872
* ''
Cyclostrema ocrinium''
Melvill & Standen, 1901
* ''
Cyclostrema pentegoniostoma''
Carpenter, 1856: (taxon inquirendum)
* ''
Cyclostrema philippii''
Issel, 1869 (taxon inquirendum)
* ''
Cyclostrema placens''
(Melvill & Standen, 1901)
* ''
Cyclostrema pompholyx''
(Dall, 1889)
* ''
Cyclostrema prominulum''
Melvill & Standen, 1903
* ''
Cyclostrema quadricarinatum''
Melvill & Standen, 1901
* ''
Cyclostrema quinquecarinatum
''Cyclostrema quinquecarinatum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Liotiidae.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Cyclostrema quinquecarinatum'' Melvill, 1906. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.m ...
''
Melvill, 1906
* ''
Cyclostrema quinquestriatum''
Melvill, 1912
* ''
Cyclostrema smithi''
Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1897
* ''
Cyclostrema solariellum''
Melvill, 1893
* ''
Cyclostrema spiculigerum''
Melvill, 1912
* ''
Cyclostrema spirula''
A. Adams, 1850
* ''
Cyclostrema subexcavatum''
Tryon, 1888
* ''
Cyclostrema supremum''
Melvill & Standen, 1903
* ''
Cyclostrema sykesi''
Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1897
* ''
Cyclostrema tortuganum''
(Dall, 1927)
* ''
Cyclostrema virginiae''
Jousseaume, 1872
The following species are also mentioned in OBIS (the Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database):
* ''
Cyclostrema japonicum''
Sakurai & Habe, 1977
* ''
Cyclostrema novemcarinatum''
(Melvill, 1906)
* ''
Cyclostrema reeveana''
(Hinds) A. Adams, 1850
* ''
Cyclostrema spinosa''
Tenison-Woods, 1877
* ''
Cyclostrema tornata''
A. Adams in Sowerby, 1863
* ''
Cyclostrema torridum''
Hedley, 1909
;Species brought into synonymy:
* ''Cyclostrema affine''
A. E. Verrill, 1884: synonym of ''
Skenea proxima''
(Tryon, 1888)
* ''Cyclostrema ammonoceras''
A. Adams, 1863: synonym of ''
Munditiella ammonoceras''
(A. Adams, 1863)
* ''Cyclostrema angulatum''
auct. non A. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''
Cyclostremiscus beauii
''Cyclostremiscus'' is a genus of small sea snails in the family Tornidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.ph ...
''
(P. Fischer, 1857)
* ''Cyclostrema annellarium''
Melvill & Standen, 1903: synonym of ''
Cyclostrema archeri
''Cyclostrema archeri'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Liotiidae.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Cyclostrema archeri'' Tryon, 1888. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aph ...
''
Tryon, 1888
* ''Cyclostrema areolatum''
Sars, 1878: synonym of ''
Skenea areolata''
(Sars, 1878)
* ''Cyclostrema baldridgei''
Bartsch, 1911: synonym of ''
Cyclostremiscus baldridgae''
(Bartsch, 1911)
* ''Cyclostrema bartschi''
Mansfield, 1936: synonym of ''
Cyclostremiscus veleronis''
(A. M. Strong & Hertlein, 1947)
* ''Cyclostrema basistriatum''
Jeffreys, 1877: synonym of ''
Skenea basistriata''
(Jeffreys, 1877)
* ''Cyclostrema bastowi''
Gatliff, 1906: synonym of ''
Orbitestella bastowi''
(Gatliff, 1906)
* ''Cyclostrema bicarinatum''
Guppy, 1866 †: synonym of ''
Cyclostremiscus beauii
''Cyclostremiscus'' is a genus of small sea snails in the family Tornidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.ph ...
''
(P. Fischer, 1857)
* ''Cyclostrema biporcata''
A. Adams, 1863: synonym of ''
Pygmaerota biporcata''
(A. Adams, 1863)
* ''Cyclostrema calypso''
Melvill & Standen, 1912: synonym of ''
Brookula calypso''
(Melvill & Standen, 1912)
* ''Cyclostrema cingulatum''
Verrill, 1884: synonym of ''
Rugulina verrilli''
(Tryon, 1888)
* ''Cyclostrema cingulatum''
Dunker, 1859: synonym of ''
Cyclostrema dunkeri''
Tryon, 1888
* ''Cyclostrema cinguliferum''
A. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''
Circulus cingulifera''
(A. Adams, 1850)
* ''Cyclostrema cistronium''
Dall, 1889: synonym of ''
Aorotrema cistronium
''Aorotrema cistronium'' is a minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Tornidae.Bouchet, P. (2013). Aorotrema cistronium (Dall, 1889). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php? ...
''
(Dall, 1889)
* ''Cyclostrema coatsianum''
Melvill & Standen, 1912: synonym of ''
Lodderia coatsiana''
(Melvill & Standen, 1912)
* ''Cyclostrema conicum''
Watson, 1886: synonym of ''
Brookula conica''
(Watson, 1886)
* ''Cyclostrema cookeanum''
(Dall, 1918): synonym of ''
Macrarene cookeana''
(Dall, 1918)
* ''Cyclostrema costulata''
Möller, 1842: synonym of ''
Moelleria costulata
''Moelleria costulata'', common name the ribbed moelleria, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Colloniidae.
Description
The size of the shell varies between 0.5 mm and 2.6 mm. The shell is ribbed lo ...
''
(Möller, 1842)
* ''Cyclostrema crassicostatum''
Strebel, 1908: synonym of ''
Liotella crassicostata''
(Strebel, 1908)
* ''Cyclostrema cubanus''
Pilsbry & Aguayo, 1933: synonym of ''
Cyclostremiscus cubanus''
(Pilsbry & Aguayo, 1933)
* ''Cyclostrema cubitale''
Hedley, C. 1907: synonym of ''
Cirsonella cubitale''
(Hedley, 1907)
* ''Cyclostrema dalli''
A. E. Verrill, 1882: synonym of ''
Lissospira dalli''
(A. E. Verrill, 1882)
* ''Cyclostrema decussatum''
Pelseneer, 1903: synonym of ''
Brookula decussata''
(Pelseneer, 1903)
* ''Cyclostrema diaphanum''
A. E. Verrill, 1884: synonym of ''
Skenea diaphana''
(A. E. Verrill, 1884)
* ''Cyclostrema elegans''
A. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''
Adeorbis elegans''
(A. Adams, 1850)
* ''Cyclostrema euchilopteron''
Melvill & Standen, 1903: synonym of ''
Lydiphnis euchilopteron''
(Melvill & Standen, 1903)
* ''Cyclostrema fluctuatum''
Hedley, 1899: synonym of ''
Argalista fluctuata
''Argalista fluctuata'' is a species of small sea snail with calcareous opercula, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Colloniidae.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Argalista fluctuata'' (Hutton, 1883). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spec ...
''
(Hutton, 1883)
* ''Cyclostrema fulgidum''
auct. non Jeffreys, 1883: synonym of ''
Lissospira dalli''
(A. E. Verrill, 1882)
* ''Cyclostrema funnazzense''
de Gregorio, 1889: synonym of ''
Cirsonella romettensis''
(Granata-Grillo, 1877)
* ''Cyclostrema fuscopiperata''
Turton, 1932: synonym of ''
Peasiella fuscopiperata
''Peasiella fuscopiperata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae
The Littorinidae are a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of over 200 species of sea snails, marine (ocean), mar ...
''
(Turton, 1932)
* ''Cyclostrema gaudens''
Melvill & Standen, 1912: synonym of ''
Munditia gaudens''
(Melvill & Standen, 1912)
* ''Cyclostrema granulatum''
A. Adams, 1853: synonym of ''
Cinysca granulata''
(A. Adams, 1853)
* ''Cyclostrema granulum''
Dall, 1889: synonym of ''
Parviturbo granulum''
(Dall, 1889)
* ''Cyclostrema gravieri''
Lamy, 1909: synonym of ''
Ethminolia gravieri''
(Lamy, 1909)
* ''Cyclostrema henjamense''
Melvill & Standen, 1903: synonym of ''
Pseudoliotia henjamensis
''Pseudoliotia henjamensis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Tornidae.Bouchet, P. (2013). Pseudoliotia henjamensis (Melvill & Standen, 1903). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.ma ...
''
(Melvill & Standen, 1903)
* ''Cyclostrema humile''
Pelseneer, 1903: synonym of ''
Lissotesta humilis''
(Pelseneer, 1903)
* ''Cyclostrema iheringi''
Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1897: synonym of ''
Retigyra iheringi''
(Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1897)
* ''Cyclostrema immaculata''
Tenison-Woods, 1877: synonym of ''
Munditia subquadrata''
(Tenison-Woods, 1878)
* ''Cyclostrema jaffaensis''
Verco, 1909: synonym of ''
Eudaronia jaffaensis''
(Verco, 1909)
* ''Cyclostrema laevigatum''
Friele, 1874: synonym of ''
Skenea trochoides
''Skenea trochoides'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Skeneidae.
G.W. Tryon thought this species was a synonym of ''Cyclostrema peterseni'' Frielle, 1877 (now a synonym of '' Skenea peterseni'' (Friele, 18 ...
''
(Friele, 1874)
* ''Cyclostrema laeve''
(Kiener, 1838): synonym of ''
Pygmaeorota laevis''
(Kiener, 1838)
* ''Cyclostrema laevis''
ic: synonym of ''
Pygmaeorota laevis''
(Kiener, 1838)
* ''Cyclostrema limatum''
Dall, 1889: synonym of ''
Granigyra limata''
(Dall, 1889)
* ''Cyclostrema liratulum''
Pelseneer, 1903: synonym of ''
Lissotesta liratula''
(Pelseneer, 1903)
* ''Cyclostrema meridionale''
Melvill & Standen, 1912: synonym of ''
Munditia meridionalis''
(Melvill & Standen, 1912)
* ''Cyclostrema messanensis''
Seguenza, 1876: synonym of ''
Moelleriopsis messanensis''
(Seguenza, 1876)
* ''Cyclostrema micans''
A. Adams, 1850:
synonym of ''
Pseudoliotia micans
''Pseudoliotia'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Tornidae within the superfamily Truncatelloidea
Truncatelloidea is a superfamily of snails, gastropod mollusks in the clade Caenogastropoda.Bouchet, P. (2013). ...
''
(A. Adams, 1850)
* ''Cyclostrema micra''
Tenison-Woods, 1876: synonym of ''
Lissotesta micra''
(Tenison-Woods, 1876)
* ''Cyclostrema militare''
Jousseaume, 1872: synonym of ''
Cochliolepis militaris''
(Jousseaume, 1872)
* ''Cyclostrema millipunctatum''
Friele, 1886: synonym of ''
Retigyra millipunctata''
(Friele, 1886)
* ''Cyclostrema minutum''
Jeffreys, 1883: synonym of ''
Firoloida desmarestia''
Lesueur, 1817
* ''Cyclostrema monterosatoi''
Ancey, 1898: synonym of ''
Skenea catenoides''
(Monterosato, 1877)
* ''Cyclostrema nivea''
ic: synonym of ''
Tubiola nivea''
(Gmelin, 1791)
* ''Cyclostrema normani''
Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1897: synonym of ''
Moelleriopsis normani'' (Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1897)
* ''Cyclostrema ocrinium''
Melvill & Standen, 1901: misspelling of ''
Cyclostrema ocrinum
''Cyclostrema ocrinium'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Liotiidae.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Cyclostrema ocrinium'' Melvill & Standen, 1901. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marines ...
''
Melvill & Standen, 1901
* ''Cyclostrema ornatum''
A. E. Verrill, 1884: synonym of ''
Lissospira ornata''
(A. E. Verrill, 1884)
* ''Cyclostrema pentagonum''
Gabb, 1873: synonym of ''
Cyclostremiscus pentagonus''
(Gabb, 1873)
* ''Cyclostrema peterseni''
Friele, 1877: synonym of ''
Skenea peterseni''
(Friele, 1877)
* ''Cyclostrema plana''
A. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''
Sigaretornus planus''
(A. Adams, 1850)
* ''Cyclostrema planorbis''
Dall, 1927: synonym of ''
Palazzia planorbis''
(Dall, 1927)
* ''Cyclostrema planulata''
G. B. Sowerby III, 1892: synonym of ''
Cochliolepis planulata''
(G.B. Sowerby III, 1892) (original combination)
* ''Cyclostrema ponsonbyi''
Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1897: synonym of ''
Skenea ponsonbyi''
(Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1897)
* ''Cyclostrema pontogenes''
Schwengel & McGinty, 1942: synonym of ''
Aorotrema pontogenes''
(Schwengel & McGinty, 1942)
* ''Cyclostrema proximum''
Tryon, 1888: synonym of ''
Skenea proxima''
(Tryon, 1888)
* ''Cyclostrema richardi''
Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1896: synonym of ''
Moelleriopsis richardi''
(Dautzenberg & H. Fischer, 1896)
* ''Cyclostrema rotundata''
G.B. Sowerby III, 1892: synonym of ''
Homalopoma rotundatum''
(G.B. Sowerby III, 1892)
* ''Cyclostrema rugulosa''
Sars, 1878: synonym of ''
Skenea rugulosa''
(Sars, 1878)
* ''Cyclostrema sanibelense''
Pilsbry, 1939: synonym of ''
Parviturboides interruptus''
(C. B. Adams, 1850)
* ''Cyclostrema schrammii''
P. Fischer, 1857: synonym of ''
Tornus schrammii''
(P. Fischer, 1857)
* ''Cyclostrema sculptile''
Garrett, 1874: synonym of ''
Circulus marchei''
Jousseaume, 1872
* ''Cyclostrema semisculptum''
Martens, 1904: synonym of ''
Spectamen semisculptum''
(Martens, 1904)
* ''Cyclostrema subdisjuncta''
H. Adams, 1868: synonym of ''
Fossarella subdisjuncta''
(H. Adams, 1868)
* ''Cyclostrema sulcatum''
Watson, 1886: synonym of ''
Moelleriopsis watsoni''
(Tryon, 1888)
* ''Cyclostrema susonis''
Tenison-Woods, 1877: synonym of ''
Cirsonella weldii''
(Tenison-Woods, 1877)
* ''Cyclostrema thomasi''
Pilsbry, 1945: synonym of ''
Vitrinella solaris''
Rubio, Fernández-Garcés & Rolán, 2011
* ''Cyclostrema tricarinata''
E.A. Smith, 1871: synonym of ''
Circulus smithi''
Bush, 1897
* ''Cyclostrema trochoides''
auct. non Friele, 1876: synonym of ''
Lissospira dalli''
(A. E. Verrill, 1882)
* ''Cyclostrema trochoides''
Friele, 1874: synonym of ''
Skenea trochoides
''Skenea trochoides'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Skeneidae.
G.W. Tryon thought this species was a synonym of ''Cyclostrema peterseni'' Frielle, 1877 (now a synonym of '' Skenea peterseni'' (Friele, 18 ...
''
(Friele, 1874)
* ''Cyclostrema turbinum''
Dall, 1889: synonym of ''
Haplocochlias turbinus''
(Dall, 1889)
* ''Cyclostrema turgidum''
Odhner, 1912: synonym of ''
Lissospira turgida''
(Odhner, 1912)
* ''Cyclostrema valvatoides''
Jeffreys, 1883: synonym of ''
Moelleriopsis valvatoides''
(Jeffreys, 1883)
* ''Cyclostrema verrilli''
Tryon, 1888: synonym of ''
Rugulina verrilli''
(Tryon, 1888)
* ''Cyclostrema watsoni''
Tryon, 1888: synonym of ''
Moelleriopsis watsoni''
(Tryon, 1888)
* ''Cyclostrema weldii''
Tenison-Woods, 1877: synonym of ''
Cirsonella weldii''
(Tenison-Woods, 1877)
* ''Cyclostrema willei''
Friele, 1886: synonym of ''
Skenea basistriata''
(Jeffreys, 1877)
* ''Cyclostrema zacalles''
Mazÿck, 1913: synonym of ''
Parviturboides interruptus''
(C. B. Adams, 1850)
* ''Cyclostrema (Tubiola) cornuella''
(A. Adams, 1860): synonym of ''
Tubiola cornuella''
(A. Adams, 1860)
* ''Cyclostrema (Tubiola) nivea''
ic: synonym of ''
Tubiola nivea''
(Gmelin, 1791)
References
* Abbott, R. T. 1950. The genus ''Cyclostrema'' in the western Atlantic. Johnsonia 1(27): 193-200
* Trew, A., 1984. ''The Melvill-Tomlin Collection. Part 30. Trochacea. Handlists of the Molluscan Collections in the Department of Zoology'', National Museum of Wales
External links
Kathleen M. White, The anatomy of Cyclostrema, Journal of Molluscan studies 3:25 pp. 89-94
{{Commonscat
Liotiidae
Gastropod genera