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Intense Tropical Cyclone Giovanna was a powerful tropical cyclone that affected Madagascar. Giovanna was the ninth tropical depression, seventh named storm and third tropical cyclone of the 2011–12 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season. Giovanna was blamed for 35 deaths along the Madagascar coast, La Réunion, and Mauritius, and it was the first intense tropical cyclone to impact Madagascar since Cyclone Bingiza in February 2011.
Soon, Giovanna began an eyewall replacement cycle and weakened into a Category 3-equivalent tropical cyclone on February 11, due to high wind shear around the system. However, the wind shear surrounding the storm soon weakened, and Giovanna was able to restrengthen back into an intense tropical cyclone as it finished the eyewall replacement cycle, resulting with a new, larger eye across.
At about 2200 UTC on February 13 (0100
Weather Underground tracking of Giovanna
{{2011–12 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season buttons
Meteorological history
Cyclone Giovanna developed from atropical wave
A tropical wave (also called easterly wave, tropical easterly wave, and African easterly wave), in and around the Atlantic Ocean, is a type of atmospheric trough, an elongated area of relatively low air pressure, oriented north to south, which ...
over the Indian Ocean heading to the southwest on February 7. The tropical disturbance soon developed into Tropical Depression 09 on February 9. On the same day, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center upgraded the system, giving it the designation "12S". The storm intensified into a moderate tropical storm and was given the name Giovanna. On February 10, Giovanna continued to strengthen into a severe tropical storm. Later the same day, Giovanna went through a rapid intensification period and became an intense tropical cyclone, due to favorable environmental conditions.
Soon, Giovanna began an eyewall replacement cycle and weakened into a Category 3-equivalent tropical cyclone on February 11, due to high wind shear around the system. However, the wind shear surrounding the storm soon weakened, and Giovanna was able to restrengthen back into an intense tropical cyclone as it finished the eyewall replacement cycle, resulting with a new, larger eye across.
At about 2200 UTC on February 13 (0100 EAT
Eating (also known as consuming) is the ingestion of food, typically to provide a heterotrophic organism with energy and to allow for growth. Animals and other heterotrophs must eat in order to survive — carnivores eat other animals, herbi ...
February 14), Giovanna made landfall at Andevoranto, Madagascar. Giovanna then weakened into an overland tropical depression on February 14. Early on February 15 Giovanna moved back out into open water, and drifted southwestward over the next few days. On February 18, Giovanna turned eastwards, and the storm was steered into warmer waters off the southern coast of Madagascar by a strong anticyclone located to the south. Giovanna strengthened into a Category 2 tropical cyclone again, and developed a small eye. However, the eye soon underwent another eyewall replacement cycle, and again began to weaken. On February 20, Giovanna entered an area of strong vertical wind shear, which displaced the system's convection to south of the circulation center and quickly weakened the system into a tropical depression. On February 22, the continued strong shear caused Giovanna to degenerate into a remnant low. The remnants of the storm moved further northwestward the next day, due to a Fujiwhara interaction
The Fujiwhara effect, sometimes referred to as the Fujiwara effect, Fujiw(h)ara interaction or binary interaction, is a phenomenon that occurs when two nearby cyclonic vortices move around each other and close the distance between the circulations ...
with a stronger system to the east, Moderate Tropical Storm Hilwa, and late on February 24, Giovanna's remnants dissipated east of Madagascar.
Preparation and impact
Large waves estimated up to high affected the coast of Reunion and resulted in one fatality after a man was swept out to sea. Another fatality took place in Mauritius after a man lost control of his motorcycle during poor weather and crashed into an electricity pylon. At least 33 people were killed by Giovanna in Madagascar. Flooding and strong winds were the main destructive forces, besides thestorm surge
A storm surge, storm flood, tidal surge, or storm tide is a coastal flood or tsunami-like phenomenon of rising water commonly associated with low-pressure weather systems, such as cyclones. It is measured as the rise in water level above the n ...
which floods many coastal areas. Thousands of people were affected by this cyclone all across Madagascar with, flooding and strong winds which mostly caused 60% of homes to be damaged or destroyed. Two villages on small islands near Madagascar were reportedly "wiped off the map." Reports indicated that 75 to 90% of structures in those areas were destroyed by the storm.
See also
* 2011–12 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season *Cyclone Enawo
Intense Tropical Cyclone Enawo was the strongest tropical cyclone of the 2016–17 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season. Enawo was the strongest tropical cyclone to strike Madagascar since Cyclone Gafilo, Gafilo in 2004, killing 78 people and c ...
*Cyclone Batsirai
Intense Tropical Cyclone Batsirai was a deadly tropical cyclone which heavily impacted Madagascar in February 2022, becoming the strongest tropical cyclone to strike Madagascar since Cyclone Enawo in 2017. It made landfall two weeks after Trop ...
(2022) - had a similar path and intensity and occurred exactly ten years after
References
External links
Weather Underground tracking of Giovanna
{{2011–12 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season buttons
Giovanna
Giovanna is an Italian feminine first name. It is the feminine counterpart of the masculine Giovanni, which in turn is the Italian form of John; it is thus the Italian equivalent of Jane, Joanna, Jeanne, etc. In Brazil, the feminine name Giovann ...
Giovanna
Giovanna is an Italian feminine first name. It is the feminine counterpart of the masculine Giovanni, which in turn is the Italian form of John; it is thus the Italian equivalent of Jane, Joanna, Jeanne, etc. In Brazil, the feminine name Giovann ...
Giovanna
Giovanna is an Italian feminine first name. It is the feminine counterpart of the masculine Giovanni, which in turn is the Italian form of John; it is thus the Italian equivalent of Jane, Joanna, Jeanne, etc. In Brazil, the feminine name Giovann ...
Giovanna
Giovanna is an Italian feminine first name. It is the feminine counterpart of the masculine Giovanni, which in turn is the Italian form of John; it is thus the Italian equivalent of Jane, Joanna, Jeanne, etc. In Brazil, the feminine name Giovann ...
de:Zyklonsaison im Südwestindik 2011–2012