Cyanidin-3,5-''O''-diglucoside, also known as cyanin, is an
anthocyanin
Anthocyanins (), also called anthocyans, are water-soluble vacuolar pigments that, depending on their pH, may appear red, purple, blue, or black. In 1835, the German pharmacist Ludwig Clamor Marquart gave the name Anthokyan to a chemical compo ...
. It is the 3,5-''O''-di
glucoside
A glucoside is a glycoside that is derived from glucose. Glucosides are common in plants, but rare in animals. Glucose is produced when a glucoside is hydrolysed by purely chemical means, or decomposed by fermentation or enzymes.
The name was o ...
of
cyanidin
Cyanidin is a natural organic compound. It is a particular type of anthocyanidin (glycoside version called anthocyanins). It is a pigment found in many red berries including grapes, bilberry, blackberry, blueberry, cherry, chokeberry, cranb ...
.
Natural occurrences
Cyanin can be found in species of the genus ''
Rhaponticum
''Rhaponticum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae.
Description
''Rhaponticum'' species are perennial herbaceous plants with simple, rarely branched stems. The leaves are simple to pinnatifid. T ...
'' (Asteraceae).
In food
Cyanin can be found in
red wine
Red wine is a type of wine made from dark-colored grape varieties. The color of the wine can range from intense violet, typical of young wines, through to brick red for mature wines and brown for older red wines. The juice from most purple grap ...
as well as
pomegranate
The pomegranate (''Punica granatum'') is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub in the family Lythraceae, subfamily Punicoideae, that grows between tall.
The pomegranate was originally described throughout the Mediterranean Basin, Mediterranean re ...
juice according to a study done by Graça Miguel, Susana Dandlen, Dulce Antunes, Alcinda Neves, and Denise Martins in the winter of 2004. Pomegranate juice extracted through centrifugal seed separation has higher amounts of cyanidin-3,5-''O''-diglucoside than juice extracted by squeezing fruit halves with an electric
lemon squeezer
A lemon squeezer is a small kitchen utensil designed to extract juice from lemons or other citrus fruit such as oranges, grapefruit, or lime. It is designed to separate and crush the pulp of the fruit in a way that is easy to operate. Lemon sq ...
.
See also
*
Phenolic content in wine
The phenolic content in wine refers to the phenolic compounds—natural phenol and polyphenols—in wine, which include a large group of several hundred chemical compounds that affect the taste, color and mouthfeel of wine. These compounds include ...
References
External links
{{Anthocyanins
Anthocyanins
Flavonoid glucosides