Crucifixion With Saints (Annibale Carracci) on:
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''Crucifixion with Saints'' or ''Crucifixion with Mourners and Saints Bernardino of Siena, Francis of Assisi and Petronius'' is a 1583 oil on canvas, now in the church of Santa Maria della Carità in Bologna. The work was originally sited in the Macchiavelli chapel in
With a serene expression and his head tilted to the left, Anton W. A. Boschloo, ''Annibale Carracci in Bologna: visible reality in art after the Council of Trent'', L'Aia, 1974, pp. 1-11. the figure of Christ looks down at a group of saints.
Crocifissione con Ulisse Gozzadini come donatore.jpg, Print of the painting by Orazio Samacchini (1566-1568), in Basilica di Santa Maria dei Servi in Bologna
File:Madonna in gloria con i santi protettori di Bologna - E. Procaccini.jpg,
''Crucifixion with Saints'' or ''Crucifixion with Mourners and Saints Bernardino of Siena, Francis of Assisi and Petronius'' is a 1583 oil on canvas, now in the church of Santa Maria della Carità in Bologna. The work was originally sited in the Macchiavelli chapel in San Nicolò di San Felice, Bologna
San Nicolò di San Felice is a deconsecrated Roman Catholic church located on via San Felice 41 in Bologna, region of Emilia Romagna, Italy. Bombardment during World War II caused sufficient damage to close the brick walled structure with a front ...
, next to Santa Maria della Carità, which was destroyed by bombing during the Second World War. It was then temporarily moved to the Soprintendenza di Bologna and finally to its current home.
Dating
In ''Felsina Pittrice'' in 1678, Carlo Cesare Malvasia stated that Carracci produced the work when he was eighteen (defining it as "the first work ever to come from the great Annibale's brush") and that the commission was initially offered to Ludovico Carracci, who decided the offered payment was too little and so passed it onto his young cousin Annibale. However, this account is unreliable, since cleaning in the 1920s revealed a date of 1583 on the canvas, at which point Annibale was twenty-three. Daniele Benati, in Daniele Benati and Eugenio Riccomini (edited by), '' Annibale Carracci, Catalog of the exhibition Bologna and Rome 2006-2007 '', Milan, 2006, p. 136. That still makes it his earliest surviving work and his first surviving work for a public audience, though it throws doubt on Malvasia's dating, since a church commission is unlikely to have been his first work, instead indicating that Carracci was already a successful artist Malvasia also states that older and more established artists in Bologna criticised the work for excessive realism (calling its figure of Christ a "naked porter"), the composition's disharmony, the inaccurate and fast brushwork and the lack of decorum seen, for example, in Francis' calloused feet. Modern art historians instead see these features as Annibale (albeit with a youthful uncertainty) attempted to break away from the late- Mannerist style then dominant in Bologna and establish a new artistic language founded in realism.Analysis
With a serene expression and his head tilted to the left, Anton W. A. Boschloo, ''Annibale Carracci in Bologna: visible reality in art after the Council of Trent'', L'Aia, 1974, pp. 1-11. the figure of Christ looks down at a group of saints. Francis of Assisi
Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone, better known as Saint Francis of Assisi ( it, Francesco d'Assisi; – 3 October 1226), was a mystic Italian Catholic friar, founder of the Franciscans, and one of the most venerated figures in Christianit ...
kneels before the cross in front of the Virgin Mary, whilst Petronius
Gaius Petronius Arbiter"Gaius Petronius Arbiter"
brocade Brocade is a class of richly decorative shuttle-woven fabrics, often made in colored silks and sometimes with gold and silver threads. The name, related to the same root as the word "broccoli", comes from Italian ''broccato'' meaning "embos ...
d episcopal vestments, with an altar boy holding his crosier behind him, blocking the viewer's view of John the Evangelist behind them.
brocade Brocade is a class of richly decorative shuttle-woven fabrics, often made in colored silks and sometimes with gold and silver threads. The name, related to the same root as the word "broccoli", comes from Italian ''broccato'' meaning "embos ...
Gallery
Ercole Procaccini
Ercole Procaccini il Giovane (''the Younger'') (c. 6 August 1605 – 14 November 1675 or 2 March 1680) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period.
Born to a family of painters in Milan, he initially apprenticed with his father, painter Carlant ...
, ''Madonna in glory with the patron saints of Bologna'', 1570-1580, Bologna, Chiesa di San Giovanni in Monte
File:Pellegrino Tibaldi - Annunciation of the Birth of John the Baptist - WGA22240.jpg, Pellegrino Tibaldi, ''Annunciation of the Birth of John the Baptist'', 1551-1553, Bologna, Basilica di San Giacomo Maggiore
The Basilica of San Giacomo Maggiore is an historic Roman Catholic church in Bologna, region of Emilia Romagna, Italy, serving a monastery of Augustinian friars. It was built starting in 1267 and houses, among the rest, the Bentivoglio Chap ...
File:Madonna in gloria con san Petronio, san Domenico e martirio di san Pietro da Verona - Passarotti.jpg, Bartolomeo Passarotti
Bartolomeo Passarotti or Passerotti (1529–1592) was an Italian painter of the mannerist period, who worked mainly in his native Bologna. His family name is also spelled Passerotti or Passarotto.
Life and work
From approximately 1550 to 1555, h ...
, ''Madonna in glory with saints'', circa 1570, Bologna, Basilica di San Petronio
File:Crocifissione - Fontana.png, Prospero Fontana, ''Crucifixion'', circa 1580, Museo del Convento di San Giuseppe, Bologna
File:Crocifissione e santi - Cesi.jpg, Bartolomeo Cesi, ''Crucifixion with saints'', 1584, Basilica di San Martino
In Ancient Roman architecture, a basilica is a large public building with multiple functions, typically built alongside the town's forum. The basilica was in the Latin West equivalent to a stoa in the Greek East. The building gave its name t ...
, Bologna
References