Crotopus or Krotopos ( grc, Κρότωπος), in
Greek mythology
A major branch of classical mythology, Greek mythology is the body of myths originally told by the ancient Greeks, and a genre of Ancient Greek folklore. These stories concern the origin and nature of the world, the lives and activities ...
, was the eighth king of
Argos
Argos most often refers to:
* Argos, Peloponnese, a city in Argolis, Greece
** Ancient Argos, the ancient city
* Argos (retailer), a catalogue retailer operating in the United Kingdom and Ireland
Argos or ARGOS may also refer to:
Businesses
...
.
Eusebius
Eusebius of Caesarea (; grc-gre, Εὐσέβιος ; 260/265 – 30 May 339), also known as Eusebius Pamphilus (from the grc-gre, Εὐσέβιος τοῦ Παμφίλου), was a Greek historian of Christianity, exegete, and Chris ...
''. Praeparatio evangelica
10.9.8; 10.11.2, 10.12.1-3
Chronography
Chronology (from Latin ''chronologia'', from Ancient Greek , ''chrónos'', "time"; and , ''-logia'') is the science of arranging events in their order of occurrence in time. Consider, for example, the use of a timeline or sequence of events. I ...
66
'
Family
Crotopus was the son of
Agenor and father of
Psamathe Psamathe may refer to:
Greek mythology
* Psamathe (Nereid)
* Psamathe (Crotopus), Daughter of Crotopus
Other
* Psamathe (moon), moon of Neptune
* ''Psamathe'' (polychaete), polychaete
Polychaeta () is a paraphyletic class of generally marine ...
and
Sthenelas.
Mythology
According to myth, Crotopus condemned to death his own daughter Psamathe, after she gave birth to a child who was
Apollo
Apollo, grc, Ἀπόλλωνος, Apóllōnos, label=genitive , ; , grc-dor, Ἀπέλλων, Apéllōn, ; grc, Ἀπείλων, Apeílōn, label= Arcadocypriot Greek, ; grc-aeo, Ἄπλουν, Áploun, la, Apollō, la, Apollinis, label ...
's son. Crotopus's city of Argos was consequently punished by Apollo with a plague. There are various versions, but it is in
Conon
Conon ( el, Κόνων) (before 443 BC – c. 389 BC) was an Athenian general at the end of the Peloponnesian War, who led the Athenian naval forces when they were defeated by a Peloponnesian fleet in the crucial Battle of Aegospotami; later he c ...
's account that the king must expiate this himself by self-exile:
Crotopus was a terrifying father to Psamathe, and she exposed the child, but the child was found and grew up as a shepherd's boy named
Linus
Linus, a male given name, is the Latin form of the Greek name ''Linos''. It's a common given name in Sweden. The origin of the name is unknown although the name appears in antiquity both as a musician who taught Apollo and as a son of Apollo who di ...
, until Crotopus's sheepdogs tore the boy apart. As Psamathe grieved over the loss of her child, Crotopus discovered about the secret child, and under the assumption she had acted like a harlot and was lying about Apollo, sentenced her to death. In retribution Apollo brought an unspecified plague ( el, λοιμός ) upon Argos.
;Festival for Linos
An oracle prescribed the veneration of the mother and child, and the Argives held a Festival of Argis (Lamb festival) during the month of
Arneios, involving women and girls singing the dirge to Linus (Linos) and the ritualized killing of dogs.
;Tripodiscium
Despite this, the plague persisted. The oracle was consulted once again, and this time Crotopus was to banish himself from his own city of Argos and found a city in the
Megarid; Crotopus settled here, in the city which would be named Tripodiscium (Greek: Tripodiskion).
;Variant tellings
Other versions, such as given by
Pausanias Pausanias ( el, Παυσανίας) may refer to:
*Pausanias of Athens, lover of the poet Agathon and a character in Plato's ''Symposium''
*Pausanias the Regent, Spartan general and regent of the 5th century BC
* Pausanias of Sicily, physician of t ...
and
Statius
Publius Papinius Statius ( Greek: Πόπλιος Παπίνιος Στάτιος; ; ) was a Greco-Roman poet of the 1st century CE. His surviving Latin poetry includes an epic in twelve books, the ''Thebaid''; a collection of occasional poetry, ...
interpolate the labors of a hero from Argos named
Coroebus. In those versions, Apollo first sends a monster (called
Poena
In Greek mythology, Poena or Poine () is the spirit of punishment and the attendant of punishment to Nemesis, the goddess of divine retribution. Sometimes mentioned as one being, and sometimes in the plural as Poenai (Ποιναί) and are akin ...
that snatches babies from the Argives. It is slain by this hero, who must then perform the penance of building the tripod city (which in Conon's version was carried out by Crotopus).
Pausanias Pausanias ( el, Παυσανίας) may refer to:
*Pausanias of Athens, lover of the poet Agathon and a character in Plato's ''Symposium''
*Pausanias the Regent, Spartan general and regent of the 5th century BC
* Pausanias of Sicily, physician of t ...
, translated by Jones, W.H.S.; Ormerod, H.A., ', 1. 43. 7 - 8
Reign
According to
Eusebius
Eusebius of Caesarea (; grc-gre, Εὐσέβιος ; 260/265 – 30 May 339), also known as Eusebius Pamphilus (from the grc-gre, Εὐσέβιος τοῦ Παμφίλου), was a Greek historian of Christianity, exegete, and Chris ...
, Crotopus reigned for 21 years and during his time,
Phaethon's burning of
Ethiopia
Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...
and
Deucalion's flood in
Thessaly
Thessaly ( el, Θεσσαλία, translit=Thessalía, ; ancient Thessalian: , ) is a traditional geographic and modern administrative region of Greece, comprising most of the ancient region of the same name. Before the Greek Dark Ages, The ...
occurred. Crotopus succeeded his uncle
Iasus
In Greek mythology, Iasus (; Ancient Greek: Ἴασος) or Iasius (; Ἰάσιος) was the name of several people:
*Iasus (Iasius), one of the Dactyli or Curetes.
* Iasus, king of Argos.
*Iasus, son of Io
*Iasius ( Iasion), son of Eleuther ...
as King of Argos upon
Agenor's death while Sthenelas, his son replaced him on the throne.
Modern allusions
A species of butterfly, Euselasia Crotopus is possibly named after him.
Explanatory notes
References
;Citations
;Bibliography
*
Kings of Argos
Princes in Greek mythology
Inachids
{{Greek-myth-stub