Crossognathiformes is an
extinct
Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...
order of
ray-finned fish
Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species.
The ray-finned fishes are so called because their fins are webs of skin supported by bony or hor ...
that lived from the
Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic Period, and it spans the geologic time from 163.5 ± 1.0 to 145.0 ± 0.8 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.Owen 1987.
In European lithostratigraphy, the name ...
to the
Eocene
The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name ''Eocene' ...
. Its phylogenetic placement is disputed; some authors have recovered it as part of the
teleost
Teleostei (; Greek ''teleios'' "complete" + ''osteon'' "bone"), members of which are known as teleosts ), is, by far, the largest infraclass in the class Actinopterygii, the ray-finned fishes, containing 96% of all extant species of fish. Tel ...
stem group
In phylogenetics, the crown group or crown assemblage is a collection of species composed of the living representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor. ...
,
while others place it in a basal position within
crown group
In phylogenetics, the crown group or crown assemblage is a collection of species composed of the living representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor. ...
Teleostei.
Classification
Order Crossognathiformes
Taverne, 1989
* ''
Bavarichthys''
Arratia & Tischlinger, 2010
* ''
Kradimus''
Veysey ''et al.'', 2020
* Family Varasichthyidae
Arratia, 1981
** ''
Bobbichthys''
Arratia, 1986
** ''
Domeykos''
Arratia & Schultze, 1985
** ''
Luisichthys''
White, 1942
** ''
Protoclupea''
Arratia ''et al.'', 1975
** ''
Varasichthys''
Arratia, 1981
* Family Chongichthyidae
Arratia, 1982
** ''
Chongichthys''
Arratia, 1982
* Suborder Crossognathoidei
Taverne, 1989
** Family Crossognathidae
Woodward, 1901 psopelicidae Romer, 1966; Syllaemidae Cragin, 1901; Pelecorapidae Cragin, 1901*** ''
Apsopelix''
Cope, 1871 'Helmintholepis''_
Cockerell,_1919;_''Leptichthys.html" ;"title="Helmintholepis.html" ;"title="'Helmintholepis">'Helmintholepis''
Cockerell, 1919; ''Leptichthys">Helmintholepis.html" ;"title="'Helmintholepis">'Helmintholepis''
Cockerell, 1919; ''Leptichthys''
Stewart, 1899; ''Palaeoclupea''
Dante, 1942; ''Pelecorapis''
Cope, 1874; ''Syllaemus''
Cope, 1875]
*** ''
Crossognathus''
Pictet, 1858
* Suborder Pachyrhizodontoidei
Forey, 1977
** Family Notelopidae
Forey, 1977
*** ''
Notelops''
Woodward, 1901
** Family Pachyrhizodontidae
Cope, 1872 reenwoodellidae Taverne, 1973; Thrissopatrinae Boulenger, 1904b*** ''
Apricenapiscis''
Taverne, 2013
*** ''
Aquilopiscis''
Cumbaa & Murray, 2008
*** ''
Cavinichthys''
Taverne & Capasso, 2019
*** ''
Elopopsis''
Heckel, 1856
*** ''
Goulmimichthys''
Cavin, 1995
*** ''
Greenwoodella''
Taverne & Ross, 1973
*** ''
Hemielopopsis''
Bassani, 1879
*** ''
Lebrunichthys''
Taverne & Capasso, 2020
*** ''
Michin''
Alvarado-Ortega ''et al.'', 2008
*** ''
Motlayoichthys''
Arratia ''et al.'', 2018
*** ''
Nardopiscis''
Taverne, 2008
*** ''
Pachyrhizodus''
Dixon, 1850 'Acrodontosaurus''_
Mason,_1869;_''Eurychir.html" ;"title="Acrodontosaurus.html" ;"title="'Acrodontosaurus">'Acrodontosaurus''
Mason, 1869; ''Eurychir">Acrodontosaurus.html" ;"title="'Acrodontosaurus">'Acrodontosaurus''
Mason, 1869; ''Eurychir''
Jordan, 1924; ''Oricardinus''
Cope, 1872; ''Thrissopater''
Günther, 1872 sensu Forey, 1977]
*** ''Phacolepis''
Agassiz, 1841 [''
Rhacolepis
''Rhacolepis'' is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish from the Cretaceous Santana Formation of Brazil. Complete fossilised heart
The heart is a muscular organ in most animals. This organ pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circ ...
''
Agassiz, 1841 non Frenguelli, 1942]
*** ''
Platinx
''Platinx'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish
Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species.
The ray-finned fishes are so ...
''
Agassiz, 1835
*** ''
Polcynichthys''
London & Shimada, 2020
*** ''
Rhacolepis
''Rhacolepis'' is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish from the Cretaceous Santana Formation of Brazil. Complete fossilised heart
The heart is a muscular organ in most animals. This organ pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circ ...
''
Agassiz, 1843
*** ''
Stanhopeichthys''
Taverne & Capasso, 2020
*** ''
Tingitanichthys''
Taverne, 1996
Timeline of genera
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from: -145.5 till: -99.6 color:earlycretaceous text:Early
Early may refer to:
History
* The beginning or oldest part of a defined historical period, as opposed to middle or late periods, e.g.:
** Early Christianity
** Early modern Europe
Places in the United States
* Early, Iowa
* Early, Texas
* Early ...
from: -99.6 till: -65.5 color:latecretaceous text:Late
Late may refer to:
* LATE, an acronym which could stand for:
** Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy, a proposed form of dementia
** Local-authority trading enterprise, a New Zealand business law
** Local average treatment effect, ...
from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text: Paleo.
from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text: Eo.
from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text: Oligo.
from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text: Mio.
from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text: Pl.
from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text: Pl.
from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text: H.
bar:eratop
from: -145.5 till: -65.5 color:cretaceous text:Cretaceous
The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of th ...
from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:Paleogene
The Paleogene ( ; British English, also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene; informally Lower Tertiary or Early Tertiary) is a geologic period, geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period million yea ...
from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:Neogene
The Neogene ( ), informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary, is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period million years ago ( Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period Mya. ...
from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text: Q.
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color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM1 from:-130 till:-99.6 text: Crossognathus
color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM2 from:-125 till:-120.67 text: Greenwoodella
color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM3 from:-125 till:-112 text:Araripichthys
''Araripichthys'' is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish that lived from the Aptian to Coniacian stages of the Cretaceous period. The genus is named after the Araripe Basin, where it was found in the Crato Formation, Crato and Santana Formations. ...
color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM4 from:-115.25 till:-112 text:Rhacolepis
''Rhacolepis'' is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish from the Cretaceous Santana Formation of Brazil. Complete fossilised heart
The heart is a muscular organ in most animals. This organ pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circ ...
color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM5 from:-112 till:-89.3 text: Plethodus
color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM6 from:-112 till:-70.6 text: Pachyrizodus
color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM7 from:-112 till:-65.5 text: Apsopelix
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM8 from:-99.6 till:-93.5 text:Paranogmius
''Paranogmius'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Cenomanian. It is known from only 2 partial skulls and several dorsal vertebrae discovered in the Bahariya Formation that was destroyed during World War II.Weiler ...
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM9 from:-99.6 till:-93.5 text: Protobrama
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM10 from:-99.6 till:-89.3 text: Tselfatia
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM11 from:-99.6 till:-70.6 text: Elopopsis
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM12 from:-93.5 till:-89.3 text: Enischorhynchus
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM13 from:-89.3 till:-85.8 text: Luxilites
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM14 from:-89.3 till:-85.8 text: Martinichthys
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM15 from:-89.3 till:-83.5 text: Niobrara
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM16 from:-89.3 till:-83.5 text: Syntengmodus
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM17 from:-89.3 till:-70.6 text: Bananogmius
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM18 from:-85.8 till:-83.5 text: Zanclites
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM19 from:-83.5 till:-70.6 text: Moorevillia
color:eocene bar:NAM20 from:-55.8 till:-33.9 text:Platinx
''Platinx'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish
Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species.
The ray-finned fishes are so ...
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from: -145.5 till: -99.6 color:earlycretaceous text:Early
Early may refer to:
History
* The beginning or oldest part of a defined historical period, as opposed to middle or late periods, e.g.:
** Early Christianity
** Early modern Europe
Places in the United States
* Early, Iowa
* Early, Texas
* Early ...
from: -99.6 till: -65.5 color:latecretaceous text:Late
Late may refer to:
* LATE, an acronym which could stand for:
** Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy, a proposed form of dementia
** Local-authority trading enterprise, a New Zealand business law
** Local average treatment effect, ...
from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text: Paleo.
from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text: Eo.
from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text: Oligo.
from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text: Mio.
from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text: Pl.
from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text: Pl.
from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text: H.
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from: -145.5 till: -65.5 color:cretaceous text:Cretaceous
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from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:Paleogene
The Paleogene ( ; British English, also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene; informally Lower Tertiary or Early Tertiary) is a geologic period, geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period million yea ...
from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:Neogene
The Neogene ( ), informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary, is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period million years ago ( Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period Mya. ...
from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text: Q.
Bibliography
*
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1141517
Prehistoric ray-finned fish orders