Croatian Glagolitic or Croatian Glagolitic Script is a style of

Glagolitic The Glagolitic script (, , ''glagolitsa'') is the oldest known Slavic alphabet. It is generally agreed to have been created in the 9th century by Saint Cyril, a monk from Thessalonica. He and his brother Saint Methodius were sent by the Byzan ...

bookhand A book hand was any of several stylized handwriting scripts used during ancient and medieval times. It was intended for legibility and often used in transcribing official documents (prior to the development of printing and similar technologies). ...

used in

Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map = , map_caption = , capit ...

. This form of the Glagolitic script is also known as Angular Glagolitic ( hr, uglata glagoljica). Some of the letters of the original Glagolitic script are abandoned in the Croatian recension of Church Slavonic:

Yer A yer is either of two letters in Cyrillic alphabets, ъ (ѥръ, ''jerŭ'') and ь (ѥрь, ''jerĭ''). The Glagolitic alphabet used, as respective counterparts, the letters (Ⱏ) and (Ⱐ). They originally represented phonemically the "ult ...

Yus Little yus (Ѧ ѧ) and big yus (Ѫ ѫ), or jus, are letters of the Cyrillic, Cyrillic script representing two Proto-Slavic, Common Slavonic nasal vowels in the early Cyrillic alphabet, early Cyrillic and Glagolitic alphabet, Glagolitic ...

, and

Yery Yeru or Eru (Ы ы; italics: ), usually called Y in modern Russian or Yery or Ery historically and in modern Church Slavonic, is a letter in the Cyrillic script. It represents the close central unrounded vowel (more rear or upper than i) ...

; a new letter

Short I Short I (Й й; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It is made of the Cyrillic letter И with a breve. The short I represents the palatal approximant like the pronunciation of in ''yesterday''. Depending on the romanization s ...

was introduced. After Glagolitic became the main script in Croatia in the 11th and 12th centuries, it experienced a boom in the 13th century due to favorable church and political factors. Intensified literary activity in Croatia in the 13th century led to the formation of a special type of Glagolitic writing – an Uncial (statutory) Glagolitic script. The 14th century and especially the 15th century are considered a golden age in the Croatian Glagolitic tradition. The sources for the approximate proportions and shape (construction) of the letters in the drawing of the antiqua are the

Reims Gospel Reims Gospel ( French: ''Texte du Sacre'' which means "coronation text"; also referred to in some Czech sources as the ''Emmaus Evangelie'' or ''Remešský kodex'') is an illuminated manuscript of Slavonic (Slavic) origin which became part of th ...

and several

Breviaries A breviary (Latin: ''breviarium'') is a liturgical book used in Christianity for praying the canonical hours, usually recited at seven fixed prayer times. Historically, different breviaries were used in the various parts of Christendom, such as ...

from the 14th centuries and 15th centuries. With the proliferation of the Gutenberg press gradually in the 16th century in printed Croatian books, the Glagolitic alphabet was replaced by the

Latin alphabet The Latin alphabet or Roman alphabet is the collection of letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. Largely unaltered with the exception of extensions (such as diacritics), it used to write English and the o ...

. This

is originally Croatian, while the alphabet itself was created at the

Polychron Polychron Monastery was a medieval Byzantine monastery in Bithynia founded in the 5th century. It is located on the slope of the Asia Minor Olympus (today's Uludağ, near Bursa, Turkey). In 851, Saint Methodius of Thessaloniki came to the monaster ...

Monastery and refined at the

Preslav Literary School The Preslav Literary School ( bg, Преславска книжовна школа), also known as the Pliska Literary School or Pliska-Preslav Literary school was the first literary school in the medieval Bulgarian Empire. It was established by ...

, most probably in the

Ravna Monastery Ravna may refer: ;Bosnia and Herzegovina: * Ravna, Jablanica - a city in Jablanica municipality, Herzegovina-Neretva Canton, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina * Ravna (Maglaj) - a city in Maglaj municipality, Zenica-Doboj Canton, Federation of B ...

. The other main style found is the

Bulgarian Glagolitic Bulgarian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the country of Bulgaria * Bulgarians, a South Slavic ethnic group * Bulgarian language, a Slavic language * Bulgarian alphabet * A citizen of Bulgaria, see Demographics of Bulgaria * Bul ...

, also known as the ''Round Glagolitic Script''. The

Institute of Croatian Language and Linguistics The Institute of Croatian Language and Linguistics ( hr, Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje) is an official institute in Croatia whose purpose is to preserve and foster the Croatian language. It traces its history back to 1948, when it was ...

has declared February 22 the Day of Croatian Glagolitic and Glagoliticism.

References

{{European calligraphy Glagolitic script Croatian language