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Cris Thomas (also known as ''Space Rogue'') is an American cybersecurity researcher and
white hat hacker A white hat (or a white-hat hacker, a whitehat) is an ethical security hacker. Ethical hacking is a term meant to imply a broader category than just penetration testing. Under the owner's consent, white-hat hackers aim to identify any vulnerabil ...
. A founding member and researcher at the high-profile
hacker A hacker is a person skilled in information technology who uses their technical knowledge to achieve a goal or overcome an obstacle, within a computerized system by non-standard means. Though the term ''hacker'' has become associated in popu ...
security
think tank A think tank, or policy institute, is a research institute that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture. Most think tanks are non-governmenta ...
L0pht Heavy Industries, Thomas was one of seven L0pht members who testified before the U.S. Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs (1999) on the topic of government and homeland computer security, specifically warning of internet vulnerabilities and claiming that the group could "take down the internet within 30 minutes". Subsequently, Thomas pursued a career in Cyber Security Research while also embracing a public advocacy role as a cyber security subject-matter expert (SME) and
pundit A pundit is a person who offers mass media opinion or commentary on a particular subject area (most typically politics, the social sciences, technology or sport). Origins The term originates from the Sanskrit term ('' '' ), meaning "knowledg ...
. Granting interviews and contributing articles, Space Rogue's advocacy has served to educate and advise corporations, government, and the
Public In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the ''Öffentlichkei ...
about security concerns and relative risk in the areas of election integrity, cyber terrorism, technology, the anticipation of new risks associated with society's adoption of the
Internet of things The Internet of things (IoT) describes physical objects (or groups of such objects) with sensors, processing ability, software and other technologies that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet or other comm ...
, and balancing perspective (risk vs. hype).


Career


Cyber Security

A founding member of the hacker think tank
L0pht L0pht Heavy Industries (pronounced "loft") was a hacker collective active between 1992 and 2000 and located in the Boston, Massachusetts area. The L0pht was one of the first viable hackerspaces in the US, and a pioneer of responsible disclosure. ...
Heavy Industries, Thomas was the first of L0pht's members to leave following the merger of L0pht with
@Stake ATstake, Inc. was a computer security professional services company in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. It was founded in 1999 by Battery Ventures (Tom Crotty, Sunil Dhaliwal, and Scott Tobin) and Ted Julian. Its initial core team of techno ...
in 2000, and the last to reveal his true name. Thomas was one of seven L0pht members who testified before the U.S. Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs (1999). Testifying under his
internet The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a '' network of networks'' that consists of private, pub ...
handle, Space Rogue, the testimony of Thomas and other
L0pht L0pht Heavy Industries (pronounced "loft") was a hacker collective active between 1992 and 2000 and located in the Boston, Massachusetts area. The L0pht was one of the first viable hackerspaces in the US, and a pioneer of responsible disclosure. ...
members served to inform the government of current and future internet vulnerabilities to which federal and public channels were susceptible. The testimony marked the first time that persons not under federal
witness protection Witness protection is security provided to a threatened person providing testimonial evidence to the justice system, including defendants and other clients, before, during, and after a trial, usually by police. While a witness may only require p ...
were permitted to testify under assumed names. While at the
L0pht L0pht Heavy Industries (pronounced "loft") was a hacker collective active between 1992 and 2000 and located in the Boston, Massachusetts area. The L0pht was one of the first viable hackerspaces in the US, and a pioneer of responsible disclosure. ...
Thomas created The Whacked Mac Archives and The Hacker News Network. In addition he released at least one security advisories detailing a flaw in FWB's Hard Disk Toolkit. Thomas continued a career in Cyber Security Research at
@Stake ATstake, Inc. was a computer security professional services company in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. It was founded in 1999 by Battery Ventures (Tom Crotty, Sunil Dhaliwal, and Scott Tobin) and Ted Julian. Its initial core team of techno ...
, Guardent, Trustwave (Spiderlabs), Tenable, and IBM (X-Force Red). Selected to serve as a panelist during a 2016
Atlantic Council The Atlantic Council is an American think tank in the field of international affairs, favoring Atlanticism, founded in 1961. It manages sixteen regional centers and functional programs related to international security and global economic prosp ...
''cyber risk'' discussion series, and a webinar speaker for the
National Science Foundation The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent agency of the United States government that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering. Its medical counterpart is the National I ...
's WATCH series, Thomas has embraced a public advocacy role as a cyber security subject-matter expert (SME) and
pundit A pundit is a person who offers mass media opinion or commentary on a particular subject area (most typically politics, the social sciences, technology or sport). Origins The term originates from the Sanskrit term ('' '' ), meaning "knowledg ...
, granting interviews and contributing
articles Article often refers to: * Article (grammar), a grammatical element used to indicate definiteness or indefiniteness * Article (publishing), a piece of nonfictional prose that is an independent part of a publication Article may also refer to: G ...
Article examples
*
*
*
to educate the public about security concerns and relative risk. Topics include election integrity, cyber terrorism, technology, password security, the anticipation of new risks associated with society's adoption of the
Internet of things The Internet of things (IoT) describes physical objects (or groups of such objects) with sensors, processing ability, software and other technologies that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet or other comm ...
, and balancing perspective (risk vs. hype). In response to a 2016 United States
Government Accountability Office The U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) is a legislative branch government agency that provides auditing, evaluative, and investigative services for the United States Congress. It is the supreme audit institution of the federal govern ...
report revealing the nation's
nuclear weapons A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or a combination of fission and fusion reactions (thermonuclear bomb), producing a nuclear explosion. Both bomb ...
were under the control of computers that relied on outdated 8"
floppy disk A floppy disk or floppy diskette (casually referred to as a floppy, or a diskette) is an obsolescent type of disk storage composed of a thin and flexible disk of a magnetic storage medium in a square or nearly square plastic enclosure lined w ...
s, Thomas argued that the older computers, data storage systems,
programming languages A programming language is a system of notation for writing computer programs. Most programming languages are text-based formal languages, but they may also be graphical. They are a kind of computer language. The description of a programming ...
, and lack of
internet The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a '' network of networks'' that consists of private, pub ...
connectivity would make it more difficult for
hacker A hacker is a person skilled in information technology who uses their technical knowledge to achieve a goal or overcome an obstacle, within a computerized system by non-standard means. Though the term ''hacker'' has become associated in popu ...
s to access the systems, effectively reducing the vulnerability of the weapon control systems to hacking. Following cyber security mega-breaches at
Target Target may refer to: Physical items * Shooting target, used in marksmanship training and various shooting sports ** Bullseye (target), the goal one for which one aims in many of these sports ** Aiming point, in field artillery, fi ...
,
Home Depot The Home Depot, Inc., is an American multinational corporation, multinational home improvement retail corporation that sells tools, construction products, appliances, and services, including fuel and transportation rentals. Home Depot is the l ...
, and the
U.S. Office of Personnel Management The United States Office of Personnel Management (OPM) is an independent agency of the United States Federal Government that manages the US civilian service. The agency provides federal human resources policy, oversight and support, and tends t ...
, Thomas advocated for proactive implementation of basic security measures as the most effective means to thwart similar mega-threats. Bluntly stating that the gap between knowledge and implementation leaves companies and individuals at unnecessary risk, Thomas’ recommendation focused on simple measures that have been known for one to two decades, but which organizations have not implemented universally. Thomas had identified retail cyber security breaches, including that at
FAO Schwarz FAO Schwarz is an American toy brand and store. The company is known for its high-end toys, life-sized stuffed animals, interactive experiences, brand integrations, and games. FAO Schwarz claims to be the oldest toy store in the United States, ...
, as early as 1999. In 2017, at the
Defcon The defense readiness condition (DEFCON) is an alert state used by the United States Armed Forces. (DEFCON is not mentioned in the 2010 and newer document) The DEFCON system was developed by the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) and unified and spe ...
hacker conference Thomas assisted with escorting Rep. Will Hurd (R) and Rep. Jim Langevin (D) around the conference area through the various villages. At
Defcon The defense readiness condition (DEFCON) is an alert state used by the United States Armed Forces. (DEFCON is not mentioned in the 2010 and newer document) The DEFCON system was developed by the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) and unified and spe ...
27 in 2019 Thomas appeared on a panel with Rep. Langevin (D-RI), Rep. Lieu (D-CA), and former Rep. Jane Harman entitled "Hacking Congress: The Enemy of My Enemy Is My Friend." During the panel Thomas was quoted as saying “It’s up to us as a community to engage with those people…to educate them”, "But Congress doesn't work that way; it doesn't work at the 'speed of hack'. If you're going to engage with it, you need to recognize this is an incremental journey” and “it takes 20 years to go from hackers in Congress to Congress at DEF CON”.


The Whacked Mac Archives

The Whacked Mac Archives was an FTP download site managed by Thomas with the world's largest collection of Apple Macintosh hacking tools. The total size of all the tools on the site was 20MB. A CD copy of the contents of the FTP site was advertised for sale in
2600: The Hacker Quarterly ''2600: The Hacker Quarterly'' is an American seasonal publication of technical information and articles, many of which are written and submitted by the readership, on a variety of subjects including hacking, telephone switching systems, Intern ...
.


Hacker News Network

Serving as Editor-in-Chief, Thomas founded and managed
L0pht L0pht Heavy Industries (pronounced "loft") was a hacker collective active between 1992 and 2000 and located in the Boston, Massachusetts area. The L0pht was one of the first viable hackerspaces in the US, and a pioneer of responsible disclosure. ...
's online newsletter and website, known as the Hacker News Network (or simply ''Hacker News'' or ''HNN''). Originally created to rapidly share discoveries about computer security, ''Hacker News'' also became a forum for users to post security alerts as vulnerabilities were identified. The publication grew, eventually supporting paid advertising and an audience that included technology journalists and companies with an interest in cybersecurity. The website can be seen in several background shots of the video "Solar Sunrise: Dawn of a New Threat" produced by the National Counterintelligence Center in 1999.Alt URL
/ref> After L0pht's merger with @Stake in 2000, the
Responsible disclosure In computer security, coordinated vulnerability disclosure, or "CVD" (formerly known as responsible disclosure) is a vulnerability disclosure model in which a vulnerability or an issue is disclosed to the public only after the responsible partie ...
-focused ''Hacker News Network'' was replaced with ''Security News Network''. Hacker News Network, after a decade offline, set for a launch on Jan. 11, 2010, with video reports about security, the last videos were published in 2011. ''Hacker News Network'' in 2018 redirects to spacerogue.net


CyberSquirrel1 (CS1)

In 2013, Thomas created the project ''CyberSquirrel1'' as a
satirical Satire is a genre of the visual, literary, and performing arts, usually in the form of fiction and less frequently non-fiction, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, often with the intent of shaming or e ...
demonstration of the relative risk of
Cyberwarfare Cyberwarfare is the use of cyber attacks against an enemy state, causing comparable harm to actual warfare and/or disrupting vital computer systems. Some intended outcomes could be espionage, sabotage, propaganda, manipulation or economic war ...
attacks on critical infrastructure elements such as the North American
electrical grid An electrical grid is an interconnected network for electricity delivery from producers to consumers. Electrical grids vary in size and can cover whole countries or continents. It consists of:Kaplan, S. M. (2009). Smart Grid. Electrical Power ...
. Started as a
Twitter Twitter is an online social media and social networking service owned and operated by American company Twitter, Inc., on which users post and interact with 280-character-long messages known as "tweets". Registered users can post, like, and ...
feed, the CyberSquirrel1 project expanded to include a full website and ''CyberSquirrel Tracking Map''; as the dataset grew, Attrition.org's Brian Martin (alias “Jared E. Richo” a/k/a ''Jericho'') joined the project in 2014. CyberSquirrel1's results disrupted public perception regarding the prevalence of nation-based hacking cyberwarfare attacks, concluding that damage due to cyberwarfare (for example,
Stuxnet Stuxnet is a malicious computer worm first uncovered in 2010 and thought to have been in development since at least 2005. Stuxnet targets supervisory control and data acquisition ( SCADA) systems and is believed to be responsible for causing su ...
) was "tiny compared to the ''cyber-threat'' caused by animals", referring to
electrical disruptions caused by squirrels Electrical disruptions caused by squirrels are common and widespread, and can involve the disruption of power grids. It has been hypothesized that the threat to the internet, infrastructure and services posed by squirrels may exceed that posed by ...
.


Election Security

As the 2015-2016 alleged
Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections The Russian government interfered in the 2016 U.S. presidential election with the goals of harming the campaign of Hillary Clinton, boosting the candidacy of Donald Trump, and increasing political and social discord in the United States. Acc ...
unfolded, public and media interest in hacking and
hacker A hacker is a person skilled in information technology who uses their technical knowledge to achieve a goal or overcome an obstacle, within a computerized system by non-standard means. Though the term ''hacker'' has become associated in popu ...
s increased. Leading up to the 2016 election, Thomas was interviewed for mainstream media productions, including
CNBC CNBC (formerly Consumer News and Business Channel) is an American basic cable business news channel. It provides business news programming on weekdays from 5:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m., Eastern Time, while broadcasting talk sho ...
's ''On the Money''. After the release of the Joint Analysis Report, Thomas called for expanded detail on Indicators of Compromise in Federal Joint Analysis Reports, indicating that increased transparency and IP address reporting were instrumental for enhancing security. Prior to the 2018 election Thomas continued his advocacy speaking with
CBS News CBS News is the news division of the American television and radio service CBS. CBS News television programs include the ''CBS Evening News'', ''CBS Mornings'', news magazine programs '' CBS News Sunday Morning'', '' 60 Minutes'', and '' 48 H ...
and other outlets about securing our elections and the vulnerability of voting machines.


References


External links


Cybersquirrel1 website & event tracking mapSpace Rogue (Cris Thomas) personal website
{{DEFAULTSORT:Thomas, Cris L0pht Living people People associated with computer security American computer scientists Year of birth missing (living people)