The typical spinetails, ''Cranioleuca'', are a genus of
Neotropical
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone.
Definition
In bioge ...
birds in the ovenbird family
Furnariidae.
This is a homogeneous group of small birds that live in forested habitats. The spinetails in this genus differ from those placed in ''
Synallaxis
''Synallaxis'' is a genus of birds in the ovenbird family, Furnariidae. It is one of the most diverse genera in the family and is composed of small birds that inhabit dense undergrowth across tropical and subtropical habitats in the Neotropical ...
'' in having shorter tails and being more arboreal. They are less vocal and more frequently join mixed flocks.
Taxonomy and species list
The genus ''Cranioleuca'' was introduced in 1853 by the German naturalist
Ludwig Reichenbach
Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach (8 January 1793 – 17 March 1879) was a German botanist and ornithologist. It was he who first requested Leopold Blaschka to make a set of glass marine invertebrate models for scientific education and museu ...
with the
light-crowned spinetail as the
type species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...
. The name combines the
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archaic peri ...
''kranion'' meaning "skull" with ''leukos'' meaning "white".
The genus contains 19 species:
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Creamy-crested spinetail, ''Cranioleuca albicapilla''
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Light-crowned spinetail, ''Cranioleuca albiceps''
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Marcapata spinetail, ''Cranioleuca marcapatae''
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Line-cheeked spinetail, ''Cranioleuca antisiensis''
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Ash-browed spinetail, ''Cranioleuca curtata''
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Streak-capped spinetail, ''Cranioleuca hellmayri''
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Tepui spinetail, ''Cranioleuca demissa''
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Pallid spinetail, ''Cranioleuca pallida''
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Red-faced spinetail
The red-faced spinetail (''Cranioleuca erythrops'') is a species of bird in the family Furnariidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, and Panama. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.
The red-faced spin ...
, ''Cranioleuca erythrops''
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Grey-headed spinetail, ''Cranioleuca semicinerea''
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Crested spinetail, ''Cranioleuca subcristata''
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Olive spinetail, ''Cranioleuca obsoleta''
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Stripe-crowned spinetail, ''Cranioleuca pyrrhophia''
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Rusty-backed spinetail, ''Cranioleuca vulpina''
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Coiba spinetail
The Coiba spinetail (''Cranioleuca dissita'') is a member of the family Furnariidae (ovenbirds) that is endemic to Coiba and Ranchería Islands, Panama.
Taxonomy and systematics
The Coiba spinetail was originally described as a subspecies of ...
, ''Cranioleuca dissita''
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Parker's spinetail or white-breasted spinetail, ''Cranioleuca vulpecula''
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Speckled spinetail
The speckled spinetail (''Cranioleuca gutturata'') is a species of bird in the family Furnariidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical ...
, ''Cranioleuca gutturata''
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Scaled spinetail, ''Cranioleuca muelleri''
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Bolivian spinetail, ''Cranioleuca henricae''
References
Bird genera
Taxa named by Ludwig Reichenbach
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
{{Furnariidae-stub