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The Nera ( ro, Nera, sr, Nera or Нера, hu, Néra) is a
river A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or another river. In some cases, a river flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of wate ...
running through
Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...
and
Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Bas ...
. It is a left tributary of the
Danube The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...
, which it joins near
Banatska Palanka Banatska Palanka () is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The population of the village is 837 (2002 census), of whom 752 (89.84%) are ethnic Serbs. Name In Serbian t ...
. Its length is and its basin size is (
Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Roma ...
drainage basin A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, t ...
). The Nera is not navigable.


Romania

The Nera rises in the
Semenic mountains Semenic is a ski resort in the Semenic-Cheile Carașului National Park, in the Banat region of Romania. Etymology The ''semenic'' is actually a rare flower growing in the wilderness of the mountains. Therefore, this western Romanian ski resort w ...
, the easternmost part of the
Banat Banat (, ; hu, Bánság; sr, Банат, Banat) is a geographical and historical region that straddles Central and Eastern Europe and which is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of T ...
region, south of the city of
Reșița Reșița (; german: link=no, Reschitz; hu, Resicabánya; hr, Ričica; cz, Rešice; sr, Решица/Rešica; tr, Reşçe) is a city in western Romania and the capital of Caraș-Severin County. It is located in the Banat region. The city had ...
, in the
Caraș-Severin County Caraș-Severin () is a county ( județ) of Romania on the border with Serbia. The majority of its territory lies within the historical region of Banat, with a few northeastern villages considered part of Transylvania. The county seat is Reșița ...
of Romania. Its source is near the mountain resort
Semenic Semenic is a ski resort in the Semenic-Cheile Carașului National Park, in the Banat region of Romania. Etymology The ''semenic'' is actually a rare flower growing in the wilderness of the mountains. Therefore, this western Romanian ski resort w ...
, from where it flows south. Its uppermost part, upstream from the confluence with the Nerganița, is also called ''Nergana''. Reaching the village of Borlovenii Vechi, the Nera turns southwest, flowing between the Semenic and
Banat Mountains The Banat Mountains ( ro, Munții Banatului; hu, Bánsági-hegyvidék) are a number of mountain ranges in Romania, considered part of the Western Romanian Carpathians (''Carpații Occidentali Românești'') mountain range. The Banat Mountains ...
. In this section, the Nera receives its left tributary, the Rudăria, and passes next to many villages (Prilipeț, Dalboșeț, Moceriș), until it reaches Șopotu-Nou, where it sharply turns to the northwest, still curving around the Semenic mountains. It passes next to the villages of Sasca Română, Sasca Montana, Slatina Nera and Naidăș, at which point it becomes the border between Romania and Serbia for the remaining .


Border River

In the border section, the Nera flows through the depression of Bela Crkva (Belocrkvanska kotlina; Cyrillic: Белоцркванска котлина), and settlements on the Romanian side include Lescovița, Zlatița and Socol, while on the Serbian side there is only one village on the river itself, Kusić, with several settlements in the vicinity of the river: Kaluđerovo, the town of
Bela Crkva Bela Crkva ( sr-cyrl, Бела Црква, ; german: Weißkirchen; hu, Fehértemplom; ro, Biserica Albă) is a town and municipality located in the South Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a populatio ...
,
Vračev Gaj Vračev Gaj () is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, in the South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority (94.57%) and a population of 1,568 (2002 census). Name In Serbian, th ...
and
Banatska Palanka Banatska Palanka () is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The population of the village is 837 (2002 census), of whom 752 (89.84%) are ethnic Serbs. Name In Serbian t ...
. At Vračev Gaj the river turns south and empties into the Danube near the village of
Stara Palanka Banatska Palanka () is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The population of the village is 837 (2002 census), of whom 752 (89.84%) are ethnic Serbs. Name In Serbian th ...
. In the final section, the Nera is wide with varying depths, and as the riverbed is made mostly of gravel, it spills over in series of
limans Limans is a Communes of France, commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence Departments of France, department in southeastern France. Population See also *Communes of the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department References

Communes of Alpe ...
, filled with murky waters. The mouth itself is a popular fishing spot.


Lake Đerdap

After the filling of the artificial
Lake Đerdap The Iron Gate I Hydroelectric Power Station ( ro, Porțile de Fier I, sr, Ђердап I/Đerdap I) is the largest dam on the Danube river and one of the largest hydro power plants in Europe. It is located on the Iron Gate gorge, between Romania ...
, as a result of the
Iron Gate I Hydroelectric Power Station The Iron Gate I Hydroelectric Power Station ( ro, Porțile de Fier I, sr, Ђердап I/Đerdap I) is the largest dam on the Danube river and one of the largest hydro power plants in Europe. It is located on the Iron Gate gorge, between Romania ...
which was finished in 1972, the mouth of the river into the Danube was flooded. In order to allow the optimal electricity production, the water level of the Nera at the mouth should not go below , while it must not exceed it if the flooding of the banks is to be avoided. Since the mid-1990s, there are significant problems in fixing the river's level, as the process is costly and complicated. In 2018, representatives of Romania and Serbia signed an agreement to solve the problem.


Settlements located near the river

In Romania:
Prigor Prigor ( hu, Prigor) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania with a population of 2,978 people. It is composed of five villages: Borlovenii Noi (''Újborlovény''), Borlovenii Vechi (''Óborlovény''), Pătaș (''Nérapatas''), Prig ...
,
Bozovici Bozovici ( hu, Bozovics; german: Bosowitsch; cs, Božoviče) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania with a population of 2,924 people. It is composed of four villages: Bozovici, Poneasca (''Ponyászkatelep''), Prilipeț (''Prilipec ...
,
Dalboșeț Dalboșeț ( hu, Dalbosec) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania with a population of 1,919 people. It is composed of seven villages: Bârz, Boina, Boinița, Dalboșeț, Prislop, Reșița Mică (''Kisresica'') and Șopotu Vechi (' ...
, Șopotu Nou, Sasca Montană, Naidăș,
Socol Socol ( ro, Socol, sr, Сокол/Sokol, or Соколовац/Sokolovac, hu, Nérasolymos) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, Romania (in the '' Clisura Dunării'' area of Banat). In 2011, the population of the commune numbered 1,873 peopl ...
In Serbia: Kusić,
Bela Crkva Bela Crkva ( sr-cyrl, Бела Црква, ; german: Weißkirchen; hu, Fehértemplom; ro, Biserica Albă) is a town and municipality located in the South Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a populatio ...
,
Vračev Gaj Vračev Gaj () is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, in the South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The village has a Serb ethnic majority (94.57%) and a population of 1,568 (2002 census). Name In Serbian, th ...
,
Banatska Palanka Banatska Palanka () is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The population of the village is 837 (2002 census), of whom 752 (89.84%) are ethnic Serbs. Name In Serbian t ...
,
Stara Palanka Banatska Palanka () is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bela Crkva municipality, South Banat District, Vojvodina province. The population of the village is 837 (2002 census), of whom 752 (89.84%) are ethnic Serbs. Name In Serbian th ...


Tributaries

The following are tributaries of the Nera (from source to mouth): Left: Nerganița,
Prigor Prigor ( hu, Prigor) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania with a population of 2,978 people. It is composed of five villages: Borlovenii Noi (''Újborlovény''), Borlovenii Vechi (''Óborlovény''), Pătaș (''Nérapatas''), Prig ...
, Rudăria,
Bănia Bănia ( hu, Bánya) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. ...
, Gârbovăț, Șopot, Bârz, Boinița, Răchita, Ogașu Mare, Haimeliug, Ogașu Porcului, Ulmu Mare, Ogașu Porcariului, Șușara, Fântâna Seacă, Micoș, Pârloagele Right: Beg, Coșava, Hielișag, Pătășel, Miniș, Agriș, Lăpușnic, Oreștica, Moceriș, Ducin, Bresnic, Ogașu Alunilor, Radovanu, Valea Rea, Padina Seacă, Lindina, Beu, Năidășel


See also

*
List of rivers of Romania This is a list of rivers of Romania which entirely or partially flow through Romania. Longest rivers The length and drainage area represent only the part of the river within Romania.List of rivers of Serbia This is a list of the rivers of Serbia, either those flowing entirely or partially within Serbia proper, or just being a border rivers. Drainage basins All rivers in Serbia belong to the drainage basins of three seas: Black Sea, Adriatic Sea ...


References

* ''Mala Prosvetina Enciklopedija'', Third edition (1985); Prosveta; * Jovan Đ. Marković (1990): ''Enciklopedijski geografski leksikon Jugoslavije''; Svjetlost-Sarajevo; {{Portal bar, Romania Rivers of Romania Rivers of Serbia Geography of Vojvodina Rivers of Caraș-Severin County Romania–Serbia border