Coverham Abbey,
North Yorkshire
North Yorkshire is the largest ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county (lieutenancy area) in England, covering an area of . Around 40% of the county is covered by National parks of the United Kingdom, national parks, including most of ...
,
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...
, was a
Premonstratensian
The Order of Canons Regular of Prémontré (), also known as the Premonstratensians, the Norbertines and, in Britain and Ireland, as the White Canons (from the colour of their habit), is a religious order of canons regular of the Catholic Church ...
monastery that was founded at
Swainby in 1190 by Helewisia, daughter of the
Chief Justiciar
Justiciar is the English form of the medieval Latin term ''justiciarius'' or ''justitiarius'' ("man of justice", i.e. judge). During the Middle Ages in England, the Chief Justiciar (later known simply as the Justiciar) was roughly equivalent ...
Ranulf de Glanville
Ranulf is a masculine given name in the English language. It is derived from the Old Norse name ''Reginúlfr''. This Old Norse personal name is composed of two elements: the first, ''regin'', means "advice", "decision" (and also "the gods"); the s ...
. It was refounded at
Coverham
Coverham is a village in Coverdale in the Yorkshire Dales in North Yorkshire, England. It lies west of the town of Middleham.
History
Coverham was mentioned in Domesday Book in 1086, when it was held by Count Alan of Brittany. It became t ...
in about 1212 by her son Ranulf fitzRalph, who had the body of his late mother reinterred in the
chapter house
A chapter house or chapterhouse is a building or room that is part of a cathedral, monastery or collegiate church in which meetings are held. When attached to a cathedral, the cathedral chapter meets there. In monasteries, the whole communi ...
at Coverham.
There is some evidence that the during the first half of the 14th century the abbey and its holdings were attacked by the Scots, with the abbey itself being virtually destroyed. Later in that century there is a record of there being fifteen canons plus the abbot in residence.
The abbey ruins are a
Scheduled Ancient Monument
In the United Kingdom, a scheduled monument is a nationally important archaeological site or historic building, given protection against unauthorised change.
The various pieces of legislation that legally protect heritage assets from damage and d ...
and a
Grade I listed building
In the United Kingdom, a listed building or listed structure is one that has been placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Historic Environment Scotland in Scotland, in Wales, and the Northern Irel ...
.
Swainby Abbey
![Site of Swainby Abbey - geograph](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Site_of_Swainby_Abbey_-_geograph.org.uk_-_338638.jpg)
Swainby Abbey () was a
Premonstratensian
The Order of Canons Regular of Prémontré (), also known as the Premonstratensians, the Norbertines and, in Britain and Ireland, as the White Canons (from the colour of their habit), is a religious order of canons regular of the Catholic Church ...
abbey in
North Yorkshire
North Yorkshire is the largest ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county (lieutenancy area) in England, covering an area of . Around 40% of the county is covered by National parks of the United Kingdom, national parks, including most of ...
,
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...
. It was founded in 1187 or 1188 by Helewise, the daughter of
Ranulph de Glanville, Sheriff of Yorkshire and later Justiciar for King Henry II. She was the wife of Robert, Lord of
Middleham
Middleham is an English market town and civil parish in the Richmondshire district of North Yorkshire. It lies in Wensleydale in the Yorkshire Dales, on the south side of the valley, upstream from the junction of the River Ure and River Cover. ...
. In 1195, Helewise was buried at the abbey. The monastery was moved to Coverham in 1202.
Dissolution and remains
In the years leading up to dissolution, Coverham Abbey had been reduced to a modest size with fewer than a dozen monks, whose lands and comforts were managed by their monastic
bailiff
A bailiff (from Middle English baillif, Old French ''baillis'', ''bail'' "custody") is a manager, overseer or custodian – a legal officer to whom some degree of authority or jurisdiction is given. Bailiffs are of various kinds and their offi ...
, Edward Loftus, father of the future
Archbishop
In Christian denominations, an archbishop is a bishop of higher rank or office. In most cases, such as the Catholic Church, there are many archbishops who either have jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province in addition to their own archdi ...
Adam Loftus. Early in 1536, the King’s receiver William Blytheman, assisted by the Abbey's last
seneschal
The word ''seneschal'' () can have several different meanings, all of which reflect certain types of supervising or administering in a historic context. Most commonly, a seneschal was a senior position filled by a court appointment within a royal, ...
Thomas Wraye, sent inspectors to the Abbey to search for misdemeanours, record rents and compile an inventory of possessions, no doubt ably assisted by Loftus. By April, the Abbot was granted a pension, the monks offered the chance recant their vows and the monastery was stripped of all value, including “''781 oz. of silver plate and 3 oz. Gold''” included 6 brass bells and all the lead stripped from the roofs. What was left was sold to
Humphrey Orme
Humphrey Orme (1620 – 2 March 1671) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1654 and from 1660 to 1671.
Orme was the son of Humphrey Orme of Peterborough and his wife Mary Orme, daughter of Humphrey Orme of Compton Dundon ...
twenty years later and rapidly fell into ruin.
The principal surviving remains include the ruins of the church and the guesthouse, which was incorporated into a house built on the site in 1674.
[White, Robert (2002) ''The Yorkshire Dales. A Landscape Through Time''. Ilkley: Great Northern Books, pp 56-62] This was replaced in the late 18th century by the current building known as Coverham Abbey House but still retains the surviving monastic features. The original gatehouse partially survives and there are many sculptural remains preserved including several tomb covers some with effigies of knights, from the 14th century.
The site is usually inaccessible to the public but can be glimpsed from the churchyard of Coverham's redundant medieval parish church,
Holy Trinity Church, Coverham
Holy Trinity Church is a redundant Anglican church in the village of Coverham, North Yorkshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building, and is under the care of the Chur ...
.
The exterior of the abbey and its grounds doubled as the home of Mrs Bond in two early episodes of the BBC television series ''
All Creatures Great and Small''.
[''All Memories Great & Small'', Oliver Crocker (2016; MIWK)]
Burials
*
Geoffrey le Scrope
Sir Geoffrey le Scrope (1285 – 2 December 1340) was an English lawyer, and Chief Justice of the King's Bench for four periods between 1324 and 1338.
Life
He was the son of Sir William le Scrope, who was bailiff to the earl of Richmond in R ...
(1285–1340) and his wife Ivetta De Ros
*
Ralph Neville, 1st Baron Neville de Raby
Ranulph Neville, 1st Baron Neville (18 October 1262 – c. 18 April 1331) of Raby Castle, County Durham, was an English nobleman and head of the powerful Neville family.
Origins
He was the eldest son of Robert de Neville (who predeceased his Rob ...
*
Ranulph Neville, 1st Baron Neville
Ranulph Neville, 1st Baron Neville (18 October 1262 – c. 18 April 1331) of Raby Castle, County Durham, was an English nobleman and head of the powerful Neville family.
Origins
He was the eldest son of Robert de Neville (who predeceased his o ...
References and notes
Notes
Sources
* 'Premonstratensian houses: Abbey of Coverham', A History of the County of York: Volume 3 (1974), pp. 243–45.
* Anthony New. 'A Guide to the Abbeys of England And Wales', p123-25. Constable.
External links
{{coord, 54.2732, -1.8387, type:landmark_region:GB, display=title
Monasteries in North Yorkshire
1536 disestablishments in England
Premonstratensian monasteries in England
1190 establishments in England
Christian monasteries established in the 12th century
Coverdale (dale)
Scheduled monuments in North Yorkshire
Grade I listed buildings in North Yorkshire