Since April 23, 1987, the Anti-Defamation League has given award the Courage to Care Award to honor rescuers of Jews during

the Holocaust The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; ...

. In 2011, the award was renamed the Jan Karski Courage to Care Award in honor of one of its 1988 recipients,

Jan Karski Jan Karski (24 June 1914 – 13 July 2000) was a Polish soldier, resistance-fighter, and diplomat during World War II. He is known for having acted as a courier in 1940–1943 to the Polish government-in-exile and to Poland's Western Allies ab ...

, a Polish Righteous who provided one of the first eyewitness accounts of the

Final Solution The Final Solution (german: die Endlösung, ) or the Final Solution to the Jewish Question (german: Endlösung der Judenfrage, ) was a Nazi plan for the genocide of individuals they defined as Jews during World War II. The "Final Solution to th ...

to the West.

Background

Since 1962, the

Yad Vashem Yad Vashem ( he, יָד וַשֵׁם; literally, "a memorial and a name") is Israel's official memorial to the victims of the Holocaust. It is dedicated to preserving the memory of the Jews who were murdered; honoring Jews who fought against th ...

Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority conferred the title "

Righteous Among the Nations Righteous Among the Nations ( he, חֲסִידֵי אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם, ; "righteous (plural) of the world's nations") is an honorific used by the State of Israel to describe non-Jews who risked their lives during the Holocaust to sa ...

" on non-Jews who risked their lives to save Jews. Yad Vashem was established in 1953 to perpetuate the memory of the Jewish world destroyed in

. A special committee is impaneled to study the evidence gathered from survivors and documents in order to establish the authenticity of each rescue story. To date, over 9,000 men and women have been so honored by Yad Vashem. In addition to examining its own records, ADL consults with Yad Vashem before conferring the Courage to Care award. The Courage to Care program is sponsored by Eileen Ludwig Greenland.

Award

The award plaque features miniature bas-reliefs depicting the backdrop for the rescuers’ exceptional deeds during the Nazi persecution, deportation and murder of millions of Jews. It is a replica of the plaques which constitute the Holocaust Memorial Wall created by noted sculptor Arbit Blatas, who also created the Holocaust Memorial in Paris and the display in the old ghetto of Venice. The award is given during specific programs and ceremonies sponsored by the ADL, often occurring several times a year, when possible.

Miep Gies Hermine "Miep" Gies (; ; 15 February 1909 – 11 January 2010) was one of the Dutch citizens who hid Anne Frank, her family (Otto Frank, Margot Frank, Edith Frank) and four other Dutch Jews (Fritz Pfeffer, Hermann van Pels, Auguste van Pels, ...

and her husband Jan received the first Courage to Care award on Thursday, April 23, 1987.

Recipients

Courage to Care honorees. * János Eszterházy, 2011 *

Irene Gut Opdyke Irene Gut Opdyke (born Irena Gut, 5 May 1922 – 17 May 2003) was a Polish nurse who gained international recognition for aiding Polish Jews persecuted by Nazi Germany during World War II. She was honored as a Righteous Among the Nations by ...

, 2009 * Gilberto Bosques Saldivar, 2008 * Eduardo Propper de Callejón, 2008 * Clara M. Ambrus (Bayer), 2008 * Martha and Waitstill Sharp, 2007 * Khaled Abdelwahhab, 2007 * Ernst Leitz II, 2007 * Mefail and Njazi Biçaku, 2007 * Hiram "Harry" Bingham IV, 2006 * Nicholas Winton, 2006 * Konstantin Koslovsky, 2006 * The People of

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...

, (accepted by Prime Minister

Recep Tayyip Erdogan Recep may refer to: People Surname * Aziz Recep (born 1992), German-Greek footballer * Sibel Recep (born 1987), Swedish pop singer Given name * Recep Adanır (born 1929), Turkish footballer * Recep Akdağ (born 1960), Turkish physician and polit ...

, 2005) * Giovanni Palatucci, 2004 * Dimitrios P. Spiliakos, 2004 * Kostas Nikolaou, 2003 * Johanna Vos, 2003 * The Partisans of Riccone, Italy, 2003 * Hans Georg Calmeyer, 2002 * Hannah Pick-Goslar, 2000 * Monsignor Beniamo Schivo, 1999 * The People of Bulgaria (accepted by President Petar Stoyanov), 1998 * Shyqyri Myrto, 1997 * Renia & Jerzy Kozminski, 1996 * Emilie &

Oskar Schindler Oskar Schindler (; 28 April 1908 – 9 October 1974) was a German industrialist, humanitarian and a member of the Nazi Party who is credited with saving the lives of 1,200 Jews during the Holocaust by employing them in his enamelware and ...

, 1993 * Alice & Paul Paulus, 1993 * People of Denmark, 1993 * Peter Vlcko, 1991 * Stefania Burzminski née Podgórska, 1991 * Mela & Alex Roslan, 1990 * Friedrich Born, 1990 * Marion P. Pritchard, 1990 * Jan and Anna Puchalski, 1989 *

Le Chambon-sur-Lignon Le Chambon-sur-Lignon (, literally "Le Chambon on Lignon"; oc, Lo Chambon, label=Auvergnat) is a commune in the Haute-Loire department in south-central France. Residents have been primarily Huguenot or Protestant since the 17th century. Durin ...

, 1989 * Chiune Sugihara, 1989 * Selahattin Ülkümen, 1988 *

, 1988 * Aristides De Sousa Mendes, 1987 * Jan &

, 1987

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Courage To Care Award Humanitarian and service awards Courage awards Anti-Defamation League

Background

Award

Recipients

See also

References