''Cosmophasis lami'', also known as the Lami Beach northern jumping spider or tangerine garden jumper, is a species of jumping spider in the genus '' Cosmophasis'', probably

native Native may refer to: People * Jus soli, citizenship by right of birth * Indigenous peoples, peoples with a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory ** Native Americans (disambiguation) In arts and entert ...

to South East Asia and some

pacific islands Collectively called the Pacific Islands, the islands in the Pacific Ocean are further categorized into three major island groups: Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Depending on the context, the term ''Pacific Islands'' may refer to one of se ...

, and possibly introduced to

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

and Okinawa Islands by humans. It was first described by Berry, Beatty & Prószynski in 1997 and has one synonym, ''Cosmophasis squamata'' (Saaristo,2002) Both the female and the male have been described.

Description

Exact description may vary, but the species displays sexual dimorphism, with females' coloration being more vibrant. Adult ''C. lami's''

carapace A carapace is a Dorsum (biology), dorsal (upper) section of the exoskeleton or shell in a number of animal groups, including arthropods, such as crustaceans and arachnids, as well as vertebrates, such as turtles and tortoises. In turtles and tor ...

is orange-brown. a dark-brown area around the eyes, and coated in orange hairs and the clypeus is orange-brown. The males are coated in orange hairs, cephalothorax are dull orange, abdomen is orange and slender, clypeus orange-brown, black apex and spinnerets and a dark-brown area around the eyes. Females are almost similar, with the only difference being a grayish brown sternum and different abdominal markings. It is similar to '' C. hortoni'', but is smaller, the chelicerae shorter, with a longer embolus of the male palp, which is southeast from the bulb. There is a iridescencent

morph Morph may refer to: Biology * Morph (zoology), a visual or behavioral difference between organisms of distinct populations in a species * Muller's morphs, a classification scheme for genetic mutations * "-morph", a suffix commonly used in tax ...

Etymology

The first recorded specimen of ''C. lami'' is a male collected on 3 May 1987 by Joseph Beatty and E.R. Berry from

Fiji Fiji ( , ,; fj, Viti, ; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी, ''Fijī''), officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consists ...

shrub A shrub (often also called a bush) is a small-to-medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees ...

foliage in Lami,

and the species was named after it (the location). The name was first published in January 1997 along with '' Ascyltus similis'', '' Ascyltus rhizophora'', ''

Bavia fedor ''Bavia'' is a genus of jumping spiders. Description ''Bavia'' species are around long in both sexes. Species of this genus are slender with long legs.Murphy & Murphy 2000: 297 Habits ''Bavia'' is often found on the leaves of shrubs or lower ...

'', '' Bavia sonsorol'', ''

Cosmophasis arborea ''Cosmophasis'' is a genus of spiders in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). They are predominantly Southeast Asian, while some species occur in Africa and Australia. Although most species more or less mimic ants, there are also colorful ...

'', '' Cosmophasis muralis'', '' Flacillula nitens'', '' Ligurra opelli'', '' Thorelliola dumicola'', and '' Trite ponapensis''.

Distribution

Considered the most widely distributed salticid from ''Cosmophasis'', ''Cosmophasis lami'' was first observed in Fiji and is native to South East Asia, Philippines, Cocos Islands, Mauritius, and the Marquesas Islands. The World Spider Catalog says that it is introduced to Seychelles,

Marquesas Island The Marquesas Islands (; french: Îles Marquises or ' or '; Marquesan: ' ( North Marquesan) and ' ( South Marquesan), both meaning "the land of men") are a group of volcanic islands in French Polynesia, an overseas collectivity of France in th ...

, Society Islands, Fiji, and Hawaii. In 2013, it was first recorded in Japan by Tatsumi Suguro. Eight years later, it was recorded in

Okinawa Island is the largest of the Okinawa Islands and the Ryukyu (''Nansei'') Islands of Japan in the Kyushu region. It is the smallest and least populated of the five main islands of Japan. The island is approximately long, an average wide, and has an ...

on roadside vegetation in an residential area, probably by

artificial Artificiality (the state of being artificial or manmade) is the state of being the product of intentional human manufacture, rather than occurring naturally through processes not involving or requiring human activity. Connotations Artificiality ...

introduction Introduction, The Introduction, Intro, or The Intro may refer to: General use * Introduction (music), an opening section of a piece of music * Introduction (writing), a beginning section to a book, article or essay which states its purpose and g ...

. In 2021, specimens were recorded in Taiwan.

Ecology

Although little is known about its ecology, it is known that ''Cosmophasis lami'' are peridomestic carnivorous arthropod predators. Males do not exhibit stereotypical behavior while in a fight between other males in a study. Common behaviour of the males include vertical “pumping” movements of the pedipalps and continual vertical movement of the abdomen.

Relations with humans

''Cosmophasis lami'' is called ''homura-haetori'' (flame fly-removal) in Japanese, and is not considered a pest. In Taiwan, it is called as ramayyu jumping spider"(拉邁宇跳蛛) or "lamaiyu jumping spider" (拉邁宇跳蛛).

Notes

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2998320 Salticidae Spiders of Asia Spiders described in 1997