''Cordaicarpus'' is a

form genus Form classification is the classification of organisms based on their morphology, which does not necessarily reflect their biological relationships. Form classification, generally restricted to palaeontology, reflects uncertainty; the goal of s ...

named by ''Geinitz'' (1862) and redefined by ''Seward'' (1917) to avoid confusion with another

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

and to establish that the genus refers only

seed A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering, along with a food reserve. The formation of the seed is a part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiospe ...

s. ''Seward'' defined the differences between ''Cordaicarpus'' and ''

Samaropsis ''Samaropsis'' is a form genus named by Goeppert in 1864. Later Sewart (1917) redefined the taxon to refer only to the seeds. Location In Brazil, the fossil species ''S. gigas'', ''S. kurtzii'', ''S. millaniana'', ''S. rigbyi'' and ''S. seixas ...

''.

Location

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

, the fossil species ''C. brasilianus'', ''C. fanatinensis'', and ''C. truncata'' are located in

outcrop An outcrop or rocky outcrop is a visible exposure of bedrock or ancient superficial deposits on the surface of the Earth. Features Outcrops do not cover the majority of the Earth's land surface because in most places the bedrock or superficial ...

''Morro Papaléo'' in the city of

Mariana Pimentel Mariana Pimentel is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It is located approximately 75 km from the state's capital, Porto Alegre. Geography Mariana Pimentel belongs to Porto Alegre Metropolitan Mesoregion and to Porto ...

. The species ''C. cerronegrensisi'' was located in outcrop ''Mina Faxinal'' in the city of

Arroio dos Ratos Arroio dos Ratos is a municipality in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. Thanks to its soil, is nationally known as the ''National Cradle of the Coal industry''. The city is also known as the ''National Capital of the Watermelon''. See als ...

. They are in geopark Paleorrota in

Rio Bonito Formation The Rio Bonito Formation is a geological formation of the Paraná and Pelotas Basins of Permian age. It is represented by a succession of cyclic sedimentary packages of sandstones, siltstones and shales which bear extensive deposits of coal that ...

and date from the

Sakmarian In the geologic timescale, the Sakmarian is an age or stage of the Permian. It is a subdivision of the Cisuralian Epoch or Series. The Sakmarian lasted between 293.52 and million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Asselian and followed by t ...

stage of the

Permian Period The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.9 Mya. It is the last period of the Paleozo ...

References

Prehistoric gymnosperm genera Conifer genera Cordaitales {{paleo-conifer-stub