''Corallorhiza trifida'', commonly known as early coralroot, northern coralroot, or yellow coralroot, is a coralroot orchid native to North America and Eurasia, with a

circumboreal The Circumboreal Region in phytogeography is a floristic region within the Holarctic Kingdom in Eurasia and North America, as delineated by such geobotanists as Josias Braun-Blanquet and Armen Takhtajan. It is the largest floristic region in t ...

distribution. The species has been reported from the United States, Canada, Russia,

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

, Korea, India, Nepal,

Kashmir Kashmir () is the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent. Until the mid-19th century, the term "Kashmir" denoted only the Kashmir Valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range. Today, the term encompas ...

, Pakistan, and almost every country in Europe.Gleason, H. A. & A.J. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of the Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada (ed. 2) i–910. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx.Flora Italiana, ''Corallorhiza trifida'' Chatel.
/ref>

Description

''Corallorhiza trifida'' is yellowish green in color, leafless, and partially myco-heterotrophic, deriving some, but not all of its nutrients from association with fungi of genus '' Tomentella''.Zimmer, K., et al. (2008)
The ectomycorrhizal specialist orchid ''Corallorhiza trifida'' is a partial myco-heterotroph.
''New Phytologist'' 178:2 395-400. It also contains

chlorophyll Chlorophyll (also chlorophyl) is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words , ("pale green") and , ("leaf"). Chlorophyll allow plants to a ...

, with which it supplies some of its own carbon nutrition via autotrophy. Corallorrhiza trifida 06 mg-k.jpg, Closeup of a flower Corallorhiza trifida infructescence - Alutaguse.jpg, Infructescence

References

External links

* *
Jepson Manual Treatment - ''Corallorhiza trifida''
trifida Orchids of Canada Orchids of the United States Orchids of Russia Flora of Finland Flora of Alaska Orchids of Europe Flora of Greenland Orchids of China Flora of Korea Flora of Japan Orchids of India Flora of Nepal Flora of Pakistan Flora without expected TNC conservation status {{Epidendreae-stub