The ''Coniochaeta'' are a
genus of
pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''
Coniochaetales
The Coniochaetales are an order of fungi within the class Sordariomycetes. This order is monotypic and contains a single family, the Coniochaetaceae, historically placed in the order Sordariales. However, this taxonomic placement has been challe ...
'' and are
pathogens of
trees. Some species have also been found to form
endophytic
An endophyte is an endosymbiont, often a bacterium or fungus, that lives within a plant for at least part of its life cycle without causing apparent disease. Endophytes are ubiquitous and have been found in all species of plants studied to date; h ...
associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not actually harm the
organism. They can take the form of pink to brown
colonies,
hypha
A hypha (; ) is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium.
Structure
A hypha consists of one or ...
e,
conidiophores or
sclerotia. In 2013, the ''Lecythophora'' were merged with the ''Coniochaeta'', following suggestions by
Ziauddin Khan The name Ziauddin is a common transliteration of the male Muslim given name more correctly written Ḍiya ad-Dīn ( ar, ضياء الدين). It means the “Shine of the Religion” It may refer to:
*Diya al-din Abu al-Najib al-Suhrawardi, (1097 ...
''et al''.
Ecology
The ''Coniochaeta'' have been described as typically associated with wood, water, and soil. However, there is also growing evidence of specialised associations between each species and specific environments, and a suggestion that 4-
spore
In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many plants, algae, f ...
d and 8-spored species interact differently with their environments, some species surviving
forest fires, which activate their sexual cycle.
[''Coniochaeta extramundana'', with a Synopsis of Other ''Coniochaeta'' Species. D. P. Mahoney and J. S. LaFavre
Mycologia Vol. 73, No. 5 (Sep. - Oct., 1981), pp. 931-952]
Medical Issues
Other members of the ''Coniochaeta,'' most commonly ''
Coniochaeta polymorpha
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
'', can cause clinical infections in
immunocompromised individuals,
[ which has increased recent interest in the genus.
]
Species
As accepted by Species Fungorum;Coniochaeta acaciae
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta africana
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta albidomucosa''
* ''Coniochaeta alkalivirens
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta angustispora
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta arctispora
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta arenariae
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta areolatirubra
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta arxii
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta baysunika
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta boothii
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta burtii
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta caffra
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta calligoni
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphism (cytology), pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form Endophyte, endophytic associations within plants in which they li ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta caryotae
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta cateniformis''
* '' Coniochaeta cephalothecoides''
* '' Coniochaeta cipronana''
* ''Coniochaeta coluteae
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphism (cytology), pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form Endophyte, endophytic associations within plants in which they li ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta cruciata''
* ''Coniochaeta cymbiformispora
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta cypraeispora''
* ''Coniochaeta dakotensis
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta deborreae
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta decumbens
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta dendrobiicola''
* ''Coniochaeta detonsa
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta discoidea
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta discospora''
* ''Coniochaeta dumosa
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta elegans
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta ellipsoidea
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta emodensis
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta endophytica
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphism (cytology), pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form Endophyte, endophytic associations within plants in which they li ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta euphorbiae''
* ''Coniochaeta extramundana
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta fasciculata
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta fibrosae''
* ''Coniochaeta fodinicola
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta geophila''
* ''Coniochaeta gigantospora
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta gymnosporiae''
* ''Coniochaeta haloxyli
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta hansenii''
* ''Coniochaeta hericium
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta hoffmannii
''Coniochaeta hoffmannii'', also known as ''Lecythophora hoffmannii'', is an ascomycete fungus that grows commonly in soil. It has also been categorized as a soft-rot fungus capable of bringing the surface layer of timber into a state of decay, ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta iranica
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta krabiensis''
* '' Coniochaeta leucoplaca''
* '' Coniochaeta ligniaria''
* '' Coniochaeta lignicola''
* '' Coniochaeta lutea''
* '' Coniochaeta luteorubra''
* ''Coniochaeta luteoviridis
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta magniquadrispora''
* '' Coniochaeta malacotricha''
* ''Coniochaeta marina
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta microspora''
* '' Coniochaeta mirabilis''
* ''Coniochaeta mongoliae
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta montana
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta multispora''
* '' Coniochaeta mutabilis''
* ''Coniochaeta myricariae
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta navarrae''
* ''Coniochaeta nepalica
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta niesslii''
* '' Coniochaeta nigerrima''
* ''Coniochaeta nivea
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta nuciformis''
* '' Coniochaeta ornata''
* ''Coniochaeta ostrea
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta ovata
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta palaoa''
* '' Coniochaeta parasitica''
* ''Coniochaeta perangusta
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta phalacrocarpa''
* ''Coniochaeta philocoproides
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta pilifera''
* '' Coniochaeta polymegasperma''
* ''Coniochaeta polymorpha
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta polysperma
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta proteae''
* ''Coniochaeta prunicola
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta pulveracea''
* '' Coniochaeta punctulata''
* '' Coniochaeta renispora''
* ''Coniochaeta rhopalochaeta
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta rosae
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta saccardoi
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta salicifolia
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta sarothamni
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta savoryi
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta scatigena
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta simbalensis''
* '' Coniochaeta sinensis''
* ''Coniochaeta sordaria
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta sphaeroidea''
* '' Coniochaeta subcorticalis''
* '' Coniochaeta taeniospora''
* ''Coniochaeta tetraspora
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta tilakii
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not ...
''
* ''Coniochaeta trivialis
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta vagans''
* '' Coniochaeta velutina''
* '' Coniochaeta velutinosa''
* '' Coniochaeta verticillata''
* ''Coniochaeta vineae
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta williamsii''
* ''Coniochaeta xinjiangensis
The ''Coniochaeta'' are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order ''Coniochaetales'' and are pathogens of trees. Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do ...
''
* '' Coniochaeta xylariispora''
Former species;Lasiosphaeria calva
''Lasiosphaeria'' is a genus of fungi in the family Lasiosphaeriaceae
The Lasiosphaeriaceae are a family of fungi in the Ascomycota, class Sordariomycetes.
Genera
*'' Anopodium''
*'' Apiosordaria''
*'' Apodospora''
*''Apodus''
*'' Arecacic ...
'', Lasiosphaeriaceae
The Lasiosphaeriaceae are a family of fungi in the Ascomycota, class Sordariomycetes.
Genera
*'' Anopodium''
*'' Apiosordaria''
*'' Apodospora''
*''Apodus''
*'' Arecacicola''
*'' Arniella''
*'' Arnium''
*'' Bombardia''
*'' Bombardioidea''
*'' C ...
* ''C. canina'' = '' Lecythophora canina'', Coniochaetaceae
* ''C. capillifera'' = ''Hypocopra capillifera
''Hypocopra'' is a genus of fungi in the family Xylariaceae
The Xylariaceae are a family of mostly small ascomycetous fungi. It is one of the most commonly encountered groups of ascomycetes and is found throughout the temperate and tropical r ...
'', Xylariaceae
The Xylariaceae are a family of mostly small ascomycetous fungi. It is one of the most commonly encountered groups of ascomycetes and is found throughout the temperate and tropical regions of the world. They are typically found on wood, seeds, f ...
* ''C. elaeidicola'' = '' Stilbohypoxylon elaeidicola'', Xylariaceae
* ''C. ershadii'' = '' Coniolariella ershadii'', Xylariaceae
* ''C. hypoxylina'' = '' Stilbohypoxylon hypoxylinum'', Xylariaceae
* ''C. gamsii'' = '' Coniolariella limonispora'', Xylariaceae
* ''C. nodulisporioides'' = '' Coniocessia nodulisporioides'', Coniocessiaceae
* ''C. obliquata'' = ''Rosellinia obliquata
''Rosellinia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Xylariaceae consisting of over 90 species. Several of the species in this genus are plant pathogens. Fossils of ''Rosellinia'' have been found in 12 million year old rocks from central England.
T ...
'', Xylariaceae
* ''C. pilosella'' = ''Capronia pilosella
''Capronia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has about 80 species.
Species
*''Capronia acutiseta''
*'' Capronia albimontana''
*''Capronia amylacea''
*''Capronia andina''
*''Capronia apiculata''
*''Capronia arctic ...
'', Herpotrichiellaceae
Herpotrichiellaceae is a family of ascomycetous fungi within the order Chaetothyriales and within the class Eurotiomycetes. It contains 16 genera and about 270 species. The type genus of the family, ''Herpotrichiella'', is now synonymous with '' ...
* ''C. polyspora'' = ''Sordaria polyspora
''Sordaria'' is a genus of microscopic fungi. It is commonly found in the feces of herbivore
A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage or marine algae, for the main comp ...
'', Sordariaceae
The Sordariaceae are a family of perithecial fungi within the Sordariales order.
The family includes the important model organism ''Neurospora crassa'' that is used in genetic research. Members of the family include the red bread molds in the ...
* ''C. queenslandiae'' = ''Rosellinia queenslandiae
''Rosellinia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Xylariaceae consisting of over 90 species. Several of the species in this genus are plant pathogens. Fossils of ''Rosellinia'' have been found in 12 million year old rocks from central England.
The ...
'', Xylariaceae
* ''C. sanguinolenta'' = ''Helminthosphaeria sanguinolenta
''Helminthosphaeria'' is a genus of fungi in the family Helminthosphaeriaceae (Ascomycota
Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the s ...
'', Helminthosphaeriaceae
The Helminthosphaeriaceae are a family of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes. Species in this family are saprobic, often growing on rotten wood or on the fruit bodies of old mushrooms. They are distributed in temperate
In geography, t ...
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q10457878
Sordariomycetes genera
Coniochaetales