Conifer release is a term used in forest management circles to denote selective silvicide and

herbicide Herbicides (, ), also commonly known as weedkillers, are substances used to control undesired plants, also known as weeds.EPA. February 201Pesticides Industry. Sales and Usage 2006 and 2007: Market Estimates. Summary in press releasMain page fo ...

use, in order to promote

conifers Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class, Pinopsida. All extan ...

at the expense of alternate species. An

Oregon State University Oregon State University (OSU) is a public land-grant, research university in Corvallis, Oregon. OSU offers more than 200 undergraduate-degree programs along with a variety of graduate and doctoral degrees. It has the 10th largest engineering co ...

Extension Service library Extension service may refer to: * Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES), a USDA office * Agricultural extension services, educational services offered to farmers and other growers * Church extension service ...

specialist wrote in 2014 that:

History

Weyerhauser Weyerhaeuser () is an American timberland company which owns nearly of timberlands in the U.S., and manages an additional of timberlands under long-term licenses in Canada. The company also manufactures wood products. It operates as a real e ...

used Glyphosate as early as 1979 for its conifer release programme. Scientists noted in 1997 that the below- and near-ground

microclimates A microclimate (or micro-climate) is a local set of atmospheric conditions that differ from those in the surrounding areas, often with a slight difference but sometimes with a substantial one. The term may refer to areas as small as a few squa ...

were affected by conifer release treatments. Scientists at the Lakehead University used Vision (a trade-mark of Monsanto) in 1998 to suppress '' Vaccinium''

blueberry Blueberries are a widely distributed and widespread group of perennial flowering plants with blue or purple berries. They are classified in the section ''Cyanococcus'' within the genus ''Vaccinium''. ''Vaccinium'' also includes cranberries, bi ...

production and hence to promote conifer release in a

jack pine Jack pine (''Pinus banksiana'') is an eastern North American pine. Its native range in Canada is east of the Rocky Mountains from the Mackenzie River in the Northwest Territories to Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia, and the north-central and ...

plantation.

List of herbicides

A partial list of common

pesticides Pesticides are substances that are meant to control pests. This includes herbicide, insecticide, nematicide, molluscicide, piscicide, avicide, rodenticide, bactericide, insect repellent, animal repellent, microbicide, fungicide, and lampric ...

employed as early as 1981 for conifer release is found below. *

Amitrole 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT) is a heterocyclic organic compound that consists of a 1,2,4-triazole substituted with an amino group. 3-AT is a competitive inhibitor of the product of the HIS3 gene, imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase. Imidazol ...

Aminocarb Animocarb (Matacil) is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C11 H16 N2 O2. It has a colorless or white crystal-like appearance and is most commonly used as an insecticide. History Aminocarb has been extensively used in easte ...

(Matacil) *

Atrazine Atrazine is a chlorinated herbicide of the triazine class. It is used to prevent pre-emergence broadleaf weeds in crops such as maize (corn), soybean and sugarcane and on turf, such as golf courses and residential lawns. Atrazine's primary manufa ...

Dalapon 2,2-Dichloropropionic acid is the organic compound In chemistry, organic compounds are generally any chemical compounds that contain carbon-hydrogen or carbon-carbon bonds. Due to carbon's ability to catenate (form chains with other carbo ...

* Dicamba * 2,4-D * Fosamine ammonium * Glyphosate (Vision) * Hexazinone *

Mexacarbate Mexacarbate is a carbamate pesticide developed by Alexander Shulgin and marketed in 1961 by Dow Chemical Company under the trade name Zectran. As of 2009, mexacarbate is considered obsolete or discontinued, according to the World Health Organizati ...

(Zectran) * MSMA * Picloram *

Simazine Simazine is an herbicide of the triazine class. The compound is used to control broad-leaved weeds and annual grasses. Preparation Simazine may be prepared from cyanuric chloride and a concentrated solution of ethyl amine (at least 50 percen ...

* Triclopyr

References

Bibliography

* * * *{{cite journal , first1=Kanth M. S. , last1=Sundaram , first2=Alam , last2=Sundaram , year=1987 , title=Role of Formulation Ingredients and Physical Properties on Droplet Size Spectra, Deposition, and Persistence of Aerially Sprayed Aminocrab and Mexacarbate in Forest Litter and Soil Samples , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d5ekOigOK7gC&pg=PA139 , journal=Pesticide Formulations and Application Systems , volume=7 , issue=986 , pages=139–51 , isbn=978-0-8031-0970-4 Ecological processes Habitat management equipment and methods Forest management