''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny

shrub A shrub (often also called a bush) is a small-to-medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees ...

s in the tribe Rhamneae of the

buckthorn ''Rhamnus'' is a genus of about 110 accepted species of shrubs or small trees, commonly known as buckthorns, in the family Rhamnaceae. Its species range from tall (rarely to ) and are native mainly in east Asia and North America, but found thr ...

family,

Rhamnaceae The Rhamnaceae are a large family of flowering plants, mostly trees, shrubs, and some vines, commonly called the buckthorn family. Rhamnaceae is included in the order Rosales. The family contains about 55 genera and 950 species. The Rhamnaceae h ...

. It was named for

Antonio Condal Antonio is a masculine given name of Etruscan origin deriving from the root name Antonius. It is a common name among Romance language-speaking populations as well as the Balkans and Lusophone Africa. It has been among the top 400 most popular m ...

, an 18th Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and

subtropical The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical zone, geographical and Köppen climate classification, climate zones to the Northern Hemisphere, north and Southern Hemisphere, south of the tropics. Geographically part of the Geographical z ...

deserts and xeric shrublands in North and South America. The ranges of each species vary considerably; some are confined to only a few square miles, while others can be found on an area up to .

Common names

''Condalia'' species are often referred to as bluewood, purple haw, logwood, or snakewood in English. Some southern hemisphere species are known as "piquillín" or "yuna". The name

snakewood Snakewood is a common name of several different plants: * ''Acacia'' species (family Fabaceae) in Australia, '' Acacia eremaea'', '' Acacia intorta'', ''Acacia xiphophylla' * ''Brosimum guianense'' (= ''Piratinera guianensis'') (family Moraceae) (L ...

is broadly used and does not indicate any particular species.

Taxonomy

Research performed on the members of ''Condalia'' usually concerns only the species native to North or South America; taxonomy is determined for only one group of species. As a result, a consensus has not been reached regarding the composition of the genus.

Uses

The amount of research conducted on the economic and medical uses of ''Condalia'' species is small. However, biochemical features of this genus are currently being studied. The fruit of ''Condalia hookeri'' are edible, consumed by birds, and can be made into jelly.

Species

* ''

Condalia buxifolia ''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny shrubs in the tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and subtropical deserts and xeric shru ...

Reissek Siegfried Reissek (11 April 1819 in Cieszyn, Teschen – 9 November 1871 in Vienna) was an Austrian naturalist and botanist who specialized in spermatophytes. He is known for his studies involving plant anatomy and histology. From 1837 to 1841 ...

* ''

Condalia correllii ''Condalia correllii'', also called Correll's snakewood, is a shrub belonging to the family Rhamnaceae. The shrub has smooth gray bark, and usually grows up to tall. The fruit is generally a deep violet-black. Leaves are linear, and it belongs ...

'' M.C.Johnst. – Correll's snakewood * ''

Condalia ericoides ''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny shrubs in the tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and subtropical deserts and xeric shru ...

'' (

A.Gray Asa Gray (November 18, 1810 – January 30, 1888) is considered the most important American botanist of the 19th century. His '' Darwiniana'' was considered an important explanation of how religion and science were not necessarily mutually exc ...

) M.C.Johnst. – javelina bush * ''

Condalia globosa ''Condalia globosa'', also called bitter condalia, or bitter snakewood, is a Perennial plant, perennial shrub, small tree of the family Rhamnaceae. The tree or shrub is a gray, smooth barked tree, up to 4m tall. The fruit can be deep violet-blac ...

I.M.Johnst. I. M. (Ivan Murray) Johnston (February 28, 1898–May 31, 1960), was a United States Botany, botanist. He studied at Pomona College in Claremont, California and at Harvard University. His plant collections are housed in the ''Rancho Santa Ana Bot ...

– bitter snakewood (

Southwestern United States The Southwestern United States, also known as the American Southwest or simply the Southwest, is a geographic and cultural region of the United States that generally includes Arizona, New Mexico, and adjacent portions of California, Colorado, Ne ...

, northwestern Mexico) * '' Condalia hookeri'' M.C.Johnst. – Brazilian bluewood * ''

Condalia mexicana ''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny shrubs in the tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and subtropical deserts and xeric shru ...

Schltdl. Diederich Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal (27 November 1794, Xanten – 12 October 1866, Halle an der Saale, Halle) was a German botanist. He studied in Berlin, in 1819 becoming curator of the Botanical Garden in Berlin, Royal Herbarium. He was ...

- Mexican bluewood * ''

Condalia microphylla ''Condalia microphylla'' is a perennial shrub of the family Rhamnaceae endemic to Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argen ...

'' Cav. – piquillín ( Argentina) * ''

Condalia spathulata ''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny shrubs in the tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and subtropical deserts and xeric shru ...

'' A.Gray – knifeleaf condalia * ''

Condalia velutina ''Condalia velutina'', known as zarcigüil, zarzagüil or asebuche, is a species of thorny shrub of the Rhamnaceae family endemic to Mexico. Description The bush usually has heights from 2 to 5 meters high with primary branches of 15 to 35 ce ...

'' I.M.Johnst. * ''

Condalia viridis ''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny shrubs in the tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and subtropical deserts and xeric shru ...

'' I.M.Johnst. – green snakewood * '' Condalia warnockii'' M.C.Johnst. – warnock snakewood * ''

Condalia weberbaeuri ''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny shrubs in the tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and subtropical deserts and xeric shr ...

'' Perkins – yana yana

Formerly placed here

* ''

Ziziphus obtusifolia ''Ziziphus obtusifolia'' is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family known by several common names, including lotebush, graythorn, gumdrop tree, and Texas buckthorn. Distribution The plant is native to the South Central and Southwest ...

'' (Hook. ex Torr. & A.Gray) A.Gray (as ''C. lycioides'' (A.Gray) Weberb.)

References

Condalia taxa in the US
{{Taxonbar, from=Q145864 Rhamnaceae genera Taxa named by Antonio José Cavanilles