''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny

shrub A shrub (often also called a bush) is a small-to-medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees ...

s in the

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English language, English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in p ...

Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Can ...

physician. Members of the genus are native to

tropical The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to ...

and

subtropical The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical zone, geographical and Köppen climate classification, climate zones to the Northern Hemisphere, north and Southern Hemisphere, south of the tropics. Geographically part of the Geographical z ...

deserts and xeric shrublands Deserts and xeric shrublands are a biome defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature. Deserts and xeric (ancient Greek xērós, “dry") shrublands form the largest terrestrial biome, covering 19% of Earth's land surface area. Ecoregions in this ...

North North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating Direction (geometry), direction or geography. Etymology T ...

and

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe ...

. The ranges of each species vary considerably; some are confined to only a few square miles, while others can be found on an area up to .

Common names

''Condalia'' species are often referred to as bluewood, purple haw, logwood, or snakewood in English. Some southern hemisphere species are known as "piquillín" or "yuna". The name

snakewood Snakewood is a common name of several different plants: * '' Acacia'' species (family Fabaceae) in Australia, '' Acacia eremaea'', '' Acacia intorta'', ''Acacia xiphophylla' * ''Brosimum guianense'' (= ''Piratinera guianensis'') (family Moraceae) ...

is broadly used and does not indicate any particular species.

Taxonomy

Research performed on the members of ''Condalia'' usually concerns only the species native to

; taxonomy is determined for only one group of species. As a result, a consensus has not been reached regarding the composition of the genus.

Uses

The amount of research conducted on the economic and

medical Medicine is the science and practice of caring for a patient, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health. Medicine encompasses a variety of health care practic ...

uses of ''Condalia'' species is small. However, biochemical features of this genus are currently being studied. The fruit of ''Condalia hookeri'' are edible, consumed by birds, and can be made into jelly.

Species

* ''

Condalia buxifolia ''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny shrubs in the tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and subtropical deserts and xeric shru ...

'' Reissek * '' Condalia correllii'' M.C.Johnst. – Correll's snakewood * '' Condalia ericoides'' (

A.Gray Asa Gray (November 18, 1810 – January 30, 1888) is considered the most important American botanist of the 19th century. His '' Darwiniana'' was considered an important explanation of how religion and science were not necessarily mutually exc ...

) M.C.Johnst. – javelina bush * ''

Condalia globosa ''Condalia globosa'', also called bitter condalia, or bitter snakewood, is a Perennial plant, perennial shrub, small tree of the family Rhamnaceae. The tree or shrub is a gray, smooth barked tree, up to 4m tall. The fruit can be deep violet-blac ...

'' I.M.Johnst. – bitter snakewood (

Southwestern United States The Southwestern United States, also known as the American Southwest or simply the Southwest, is a geographic and cultural region of the United States that generally includes Arizona, New Mexico, and adjacent portions of California, Colorado, Ne ...

, northwestern

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

) * ''

Condalia hookeri ''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny shrubs in the tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and subtropical deserts and xeric shru ...

'' M.C.Johnst. – Brazilian bluewood * ''

Condalia mexicana ''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny shrubs in the tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and subtropical deserts and xeric shru ...

'' Schltdl. - Mexican bluewood * '' Condalia microphylla'' Cav. – piquillín (

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

) * ''

Condalia spathulata ''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny shrubs in the tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and subtropical deserts and xeric shru ...

'' A.Gray – knifeleaf condalia * '' Condalia velutina'' I.M.Johnst. * '' Condalia viridis'' I.M.Johnst. – green snakewood * ''

Condalia warnockii ''Condalia'' is a genus of Thorns, spines, and prickles, spiny shrubs in the Tribe (biology), tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th Spain, Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native t ...

'' M.C.Johnst. – warnock snakewood * '' Condalia weberbaeuri'' Perkins – yana yana

Formerly placed here

* '' Ziziphus obtusifolia'' (Hook. ex Torr. & A.Gray) A.Gray (as ''C. lycioides'' (A.Gray) Weberb.)

References

Condalia taxa in the US
{{Taxonbar, from=Q145864 Rhamnaceae genera Taxa named by Antonio José Cavanilles