''Conchopus'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...

, the

Hawaiian Islands The Hawaiian Islands ( haw, Nā Mokupuni o Hawai‘i) are an archipelago of eight major islands, several atolls, and numerous smaller islets in the North Pacific Ocean, extending some from the island of Hawaii in the south to northernmost Kur ...

, and

Wake Island Wake Island ( mh, Ānen Kio, translation=island of the kio flower; also known as Wake Atoll) is a coral atoll in the western Pacific Ocean in the northeastern area of the Micronesia subregion, east of Guam, west of Honolulu, southeast of To ...

. The species '' Conchopus borealis'' is also an

introduced species An introduced species, alien species, exotic species, adventive species, immigrant species, foreign species, non-indigenous species, or non-native species is a species living outside its native distributional range, but which has arrived there ...

North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...

and

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe ...

. Members of the genus live exclusively in the

intertidal zone The intertidal zone, also known as the foreshore, is the area above water level at low tide and underwater at high tide (in other words, the area within the tidal range). This area can include several types of habitats with various species o ...

of rocky shores. The genus is sometimes considered a synonym of ''

Thambemyia ''Thambemyia'' is a genus of fly, flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It known from the Oriental realm, Oriental and Neotropical realm, Neotropical realms, with a single Palearctic realm, Palearctic species from Japan. Members of the genus live e ...

'', but is considered a valid genus by some authors.

Taxonomy and species

Takagi (1965) originally divided the genus into seven species groups. According to Masunaga ''et al.'' (2005) and Masunaga & Saigusa (2010), the genus can be divided into two clades: one containing the ''rectus'' species group (including the type species), and the other containing all other species groups, for which the authors intended to propose a new genus. The latter clade they also consider to be the sister group of ''Thambemyia''. ''rectus'' species group (= ''Conchopus'' ''

sensu stricto ''Sensu'' is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular co ...

): * '' Conchopus acrosticalis'' ( Parent, 1937) – Hawai‘i, Maui, Lāna‘i, Moloka‘i * '' Conchopus borealis''

Takagi is a Japanese surname meaning "tall tree". Notable people with the surname include: *Akimitsu Takagi (1920–1995), Japanese crime fiction writer *Jon Mamoru Takagi (1942–1984), American martial arts instructor *, Japanese footballer * Hinako T ...

, 1965 – Japan, North America (introduced), Peru (introduced) * '' Conchopus ciliatus'' Masunaga & Saigusa, 2010 – Hawai‘i, Maui, O‘ahu, Lisianski * '' Conchopus crassinervis'' Masunaga & Saigusa, 2010 – Kaua‘i * '' Conchopus menehune'' Masunaga & Saigusa, 2010 – Kaua‘i, Nihoa * ''

Conchopus minutus ''Conchopus'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in Japan, China, Taiwan, the Hawaiian Islands, and Wake Island. The species '' Conchopus borealis'' is also an introduced species in North America and South Ameri ...

'' Masunaga & Saigusa, 2010 – Hawai‘i, Maui, Lāna‘i, Moloka‘i, O‘ahu, French Frigate Shoals * ''

Conchopus pacificus ''Conchopus'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in Japan, China, Taiwan, the Hawaiian Islands, and Wake Island. The species '' Conchopus borealis'' is also an introduced species in North America and South Ameri ...

'' Masunaga & Saigusa, 2010 – Hawai‘i, O‘ahu, Kaua‘i, Wake * ''

Conchopus pudicus ''Conchopus'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in Japan, China, Taiwan, the Hawaiian Islands, and Wake Island. The species '' Conchopus borealis'' is also an introduced species in North America and South Ameri ...

, 1965 – Japan * '' Conchopus rectus''

, 1965 – Japan, China * ''

Conchopus sikokianus ''Conchopus'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in Japan, China, Taiwan, the Hawaiian Islands, and Wake Island. The species '' Conchopus borealis'' is also an introduced species in North America and South Ameri ...

, 1965 – Japan * ''

Conchopus taivanensis ''Conchopus'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in Japan, China, Taiwan, the Hawaiian Islands, and Wake Island. The species '' Conchopus borealis'' is also an introduced species in North America and South Ameri ...

, 1967 – Japan, Taiwan ''sinuatus'' species group: * ''

Conchopus corvus ''Conchopus'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in Japan, China, Taiwan, the Hawaiian Islands, and Wake Island. The species '' Conchopus borealis'' is also an introduced species in North America and South Ameri ...

, 1965 * ''

Conchopus sinuatus ''Conchopus'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in Japan, China, Taiwan, the Hawaiian Islands, and Wake Island. The species '' Conchopus borealis'' is also an introduced species in North America and South Ameri ...

, 1965 ''sigmiger'' species group: * ''

Conchopus saigusai ''Conchopus'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in Japan, China, Taiwan, the Hawaiian Islands, and Wake Island. The species '' Conchopus borealis'' is also an introduced species in North America and South Ameri ...

, 1965 * ''

Conchopus sigmiger ''Conchopus'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in Japan, China, Taiwan, the Hawaiian Islands, and Wake Island. The species '' Conchopus borealis'' is also an introduced species in North America and South Ameri ...

, 1965 * ''

Conchopus uvasima ''Conchopus'' is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in Japan, China, Taiwan, the Hawaiian Islands, and Wake Island. The species '' Conchopus borealis'' is also an introduced species in North America and South Ameri ...

, 1965 ''convergens'' species group: * ''

Conchopus convergens ''Conchopus'' is a genus of fly, flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is distributed in Japan, China, Taiwan, the Hawaiian Islands, and Wake Island. The species ''Conchopus borealis'' is also an introduced species in North America and South Ame ...

, 1965 * '' Conchopus poseidonius''

, 1965 * '' Conchopus signatus''

, 1965 ''nodulatus'' species group: * '' Conchopus nodulatus''

, 1965 * '' Conchopus mammuthus''

, 1965 ''anomalopus'' species group: * '' Conchopus anomalopus''

, 1965 ''abdominalis'' species group: * '' Conchopus abdominalis''

, 1965 Other species: * '' Conchopus shandongensis'' (Zhu, Yang & Masunaga, 2005)

References

Dolichopodidae genera Hydrophorinae Diptera of Asia Insects of Hawaii Taxa named by Sadao Takagi {{Dolichopodidae-stub