Common Fivering (Ypthima Baldus Selinuntius)

''Ypthima baldus'', the common five-ring, is a species of Satyrinae butterfly found in Asia.

Description

Wet-season form (in India)

Male: Upperside brown, both forewing and hindwing with terminal margins much darker, and generally with more or less distinct subbasal and discal dark bands. Forewing with a large, slightly oblique, oval, bi-pupilled, yellow-ringed black, pre-apical ocellus. Hindwing with two postdiscal, round, uni-pupilled, similar but smaller ocelli, and very often one or two minute tornal ocelli also.

Underside similar to the underside in ''Y. philomela'' but the ochraceous-white ground colour paler, tin-transverse brown strice coarser, the ocelli on the hindwing more distinctly in echelon, two tornal, two median, and two preapical, and on both forewing and hindwing more or less distinctly defined, subbasal, discal and subterminal brown transverse bands.

Female: Differs on the upperside in having the area surrounding or bordering the ocelli on both forewing and hindwing paler, closely irrorated (sprinkled) with brown striae, the discal transverse band generally clearly defined, and very often both the tornal, and at least one of the apical, ocelli distinct. On the underside it is paler than the male, and has the subbasal, discal and subterminal transverse dark bands more clearly defined.

Dry-season form (in India)

Males and females: Upperside very similar to the above, paler; in the female often the ground colour ochraceous white, closely irrorated with brown striae; ocelli as in the wet-season form, but those on the hindwing often non-pupilled. Underside also paler than in the wet-season form, the subbasal, discal and subterminal bands on the whole more prominent; ocelli on the hindwing reduced to mere specks.

Wingspan of 38–46 mm.

File:Common Fivering (Ypthima argus).webm, Mating pair and other specimens in Japan
File:Ypthima baldus 00344.jpg, Underside, wet-season form
File:Common_Five-ring_(Ypthima_baldus)-_Dry_season_form_in_Kolkata_W_IMG_3738.jpg, Underside, dry-season form
File:Ypthima baldus UP by Kadavoor.JPG, Upperside, wet-season form
File:Ypthima baldus at Kadavoor.jpg, Upperside, dry-season form

Distribution

Bangladesh, Bhutan, China (mainland and Hong Kong), India (sub-Himalayan areas from Chamba to Sikkim; central India and the hills of southern India and the Western Ghats, Assam), Indonesia ( Borneo), Japan, Korean Peninsula, Malay Peninsula, Cambodia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Russia ( Kuril Islands), Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam (north part).

Subspecies

The species may be divided into the following subspecies:
* ''Ypthima baldus baldus'' (India to Indochina, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia and southern Yunnan)
* ''Ypthima baldus hyampeia'' Fruhstorfer, 1911 (southern Ussuri and Korea)
* ''Ypthima baldus jezoensis'' Matsumura, 1919 (Kuriles)
* ''Ypthima baldus luoi'' Huang, 1999 (Yunnan)
* ''Ypthima baldus marshalli'' Butler, 1882
* ''Ypthima baldus moerus'' Fruhstorfer, 1911
* ''Ypthima baldus newboldi'' Distant, 1882 (Peninsular Malaya, Langkawi, and Singapore)
* ''Ypthima baldus okurai'' Okano, 1962 (Taiwan)
* ''Ypthima baldus pasitelides'' Fruhstorfer, 1911 (Bawean)
* ''Ypthima baldus selinuntius'' Fruhstorfer, 1911 (Borneo and Natuna Islands)
* ''Ypthima baldus zodina'' Fruhstorfer, 1911 (Taiwan)

See also

* List of butterflies of Bangladesh
* List of butterflies of China (Nymphalidae)
* List of butterflies of India
* List of butterflies of Japan
* List of butterflies of the Korean Peninsula
* List of butterflies of Pakistan
* List of butterflies of Peninsular Malaysia
* List of butterflies of Singapore
* List of butterflies of Taiwan

References

External links

UniProt

Agriculture, Fisheries, and Conservation Department, The Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

Fruit-feeding butterflies recorded by traps

{{Taxonbar, from=Q578810

baldus
Butterflies of Asia
Butterflies of Indochina
Butterflies of Singapore
Butterflies of Borneo
Butterflies described in 1775
Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius