''Colégio Militar'' (
Portuguese
Portuguese may refer to:
* anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal
** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods
** Portuguese language, a Romance language
*** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language
** Portu ...
for "Military College") is a military
secondary school in
Lisbon
Lisbon (; pt, Lisboa ) is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 544,851 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km2. Grande Lisboa, Lisbon's urban area extends beyond the city's administr ...
,
Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...
. It was founded by Marechal António Teixeira Rebello in 1803.
History
Its initial location was S. Julião da Barra Fort, in
Oeiras. It moved the first time to a former hospital-convent in
Luz
Luz ( ''LÅ«z'') is the name of two places in the Bible.
Mentioned in Genesis
Luz is the ancient name of a royal Canaanite city, connected with Bethel (Genesis 28:19; 35:6). It is debated among scholarsRashi on 28:17 whether Luz and Bethel repres ...
in 1814 - during its first years it moved two more times before finally resettling in Luz in 1859.
Initially intended to shelter the sons of military officers stationed abroad to fight the French armies and turn them into army officers, it endured through the
French Invasions until the present. It is the oldest educational institution of Portugal after the
Universidade de Coimbra
The University of Coimbra (UC; pt, Universidade de Coimbra, ) is a public research university in Coimbra, Portugal. First established in Lisbon in 1290, it went through a number of relocations until moving permanently to Coimbra in 1537. The u ...
and the most decorated military institution in Portugal.
Colégio Militar has been through many regime changes, revolutions, and wars, providing a military education for thousands of youngsters who join at the age of ten and finish just before entering university or military academies. It is quite distinctive in its educational method, in which the elder students are ranked and put in command of the younger, perpetuating many rich and ancient traditions that keep a tight bond in the student corps (that often lasts throughout their lives).
Academic program
Teaching is led by a mixed staff of military and civilian teachers. There is a high sports component in the curriculum which includes, among others, fencing, horse riding, competition gymnastics, and shooting.
Alumni
Many of its former students have influenced the development of the Portuguese society since the mid-19th century, such as five presidents of the Portuguese Republic (Field Marshals
Gomes da Costa, Óscar Carmona,
Craveiro Lopes
Francisco Higino Craveiro Lopes (; 12 April 1894 – 2 September 1964) was a Portuguese Air Force officer and politician who served as the 12th president of Portugal from 1951 to 1958.
Early life and career
Born in Lisbon, he was a son of J ...
,
António de SpÃnola
António Sebastião Ribeiro de SpÃnola (generally referred to as António de SpÃnola, ;This surname, however, was not accompanied by the grammatical nobiliary particle "de". 11 April 1910 – 13 August 1996) was a Portuguese military o ...
and Costa Gomes), prominent military men such as Morais Sarmento and Óscar Monteiro Torres, writers such as Manuel Pinheiro Chagas and Júlio Dantas, explorers like
Serpa Pinto
Alexandre Alberto da Rocha de Serpa Pinto, Viscount of Serpa Pinto (aka Serpa Pinto; 20 April 184628 December 1900) was a Portuguese explorer of southern Africa and a colonial administrator.
Early life
Serpa Pinto was born at the Quinta das Pol ...
and Henrique Carvalho, artists, musicians and actors such as Tomás Alcaide, Raúl de Carvalho, Artur Semedo, Raúl Ferrão and LuÃs Esparteiro, politicians such as António Sérgio,
Humberto Delgado
Humberto da Silva Delgado, ComC, GCA, GOA, ComA, OA, ComSE, GCL, OIP, CBE (Portuguese pronunciation: ©Ëˆbɛɾtu dɛɫˈɡadu 15 May 1906 – 13 February 1965) was a General of the Portuguese Air Force, diplomat and politician.
Early life ...
and Tito Morais and many others. About 15,000 students have graduated from Colégio Militar.
Its anniversary is celebrated on 3 March with a parade descending "Avenida da Liberdade", Lisbon's main avenue. Former students can be seen shouting their war cry "Zacatraz" - these can also be recognised by the use of the informal symbol, the "Barretina", on their lapels.
The Portuguese Colégio Militar gave birth to a net of twelve military schools in
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
(
Porto Alegre
Porto Alegre (, , Brazilian ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. Its population of 1,488,252 inhabitants (2020) makes it the List of largest cities in Brazil, twelfth most populous city in the country ...
,
Santa Maria,
Curitiba
Curitiba () is the capital and largest city in the state of Paraná (state), Paraná in Brazil. The city's population was 1,948,626 , making it the List of cities in Brazil by population, eighth most populous city in Brazil and the largest in ...
,
Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third-most populous state, and the second-most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a b ...
,
Belo Horizonte
Belo Horizonte (, ; ) is the sixth-largest city in Brazil, with a population around 2.7 million and with a metropolitan area of 6 million people. It is the 13th-largest city in South America and the 18th-largest in the Americas. The metropol ...
,
JuÃz de Fora
Juiz de Fora (, '' Outsider Judge''), also known as J.F., is a city in the southeastern Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, approximately from the state border with Rio de Janeiro. According to 2020 estimates the current population is about 57 ...
,
Salvador,
Recife
That it may shine on all ( Matthew 5:15)
, image_map = Brazil Pernambuco Recife location map.svg
, mapsize = 250px
, map_caption = Location in the state of Pernambuco
, pushpin_map = Brazil#South A ...
,
Fortaleza,
Manaus
Manaus () is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Amazonas. It is the seventh-largest city in Brazil, with an estimated 2020 population of 2,219,580 distributed over a land area of about . Located at the east center of the s ...
,
BrasÃlia
BrasÃlia (; ) is the federal capital of Brazil and seat of government of the Federal District. The city is located at the top of the Brazilian highlands in the country's Central-West region. It was founded by President Juscelino Kubitsche ...
and
Campo Grande
Campo Grande (, ) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul in the Center-West region of the country. The city is nicknamed ''Cidade Morena'' ("Swarthy City" in Portuguese) because of the reddish-brown colour ...
) built in cooperation with the Portuguese experience of a centenary school with high levels of success.
List of alumni
This is a list of alumni with their own articles:
*
Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen, Viscount of Porto Seguro
Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen, Viscount of Porto Seguro (February 17, 1816 – June 26, 1878), was a Brazilian diplomat and historian. He is the patron of the 39th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters. He is considered "the father of modern ...
(1816-1878), Brazilian diplomat and historian
*
Alexandre de Serpa Pinto
Alexandre Alberto da Rocha de Serpa Pinto, Viscount of Serpa Pinto (aka Serpa Pinto; 20 April 184628 December 1900) was a Portuguese explorer of southern Africa and a colonial administrator.
Early life
Serpa Pinto was born at the Quinta das Pol ...
(1846–1900), Army Colonel, explorer, and colonial administrator
*
Gomes da Costa (1863–1929), Army Marshal and President of Portugal
*
Alfredo de Sá Cardoso
Alfredo Ernesto de Sá Cardoso (6 June 1864 – 24 April 1950), commonly known as Alfredo de Sá Cardoso (), or just Sá Cardoso, was a Portuguese republican politician of the Portuguese First Republic who served twice as Prime Minister of Portug ...
(1864–1950), Army General and Prime-Minister of Portugal
*
Júlio Dantas
Júlio Dantas, GCC (1876 – 1962) was a Portuguese doctor, poet, journalist, politician, diplomat and dramatist. He was born in Lagos and was a prolific writer; he cultivated various literary genres, from poetry to novels and journalis ...
(1876–1962), doctor, poet, journalist, politician, diplomat, and dramatist
*
Francisco Craveiro Lopes
Francisco Higino Craveiro Lopes (; 12 April 1894 – 2 September 1964) was a Portuguese Air Force officer and politician who served as the 12th president of Portugal from 1951 to 1958.
Early life and career
Born in Lisbon, he was a son of ...
(1894–1964), Air Force Marshal and President of Portugal
*
Humberto Delgado
Humberto da Silva Delgado, ComC, GCA, GOA, ComA, OA, ComSE, GCL, OIP, CBE (Portuguese pronunciation: ©Ëˆbɛɾtu dɛɫˈɡadu 15 May 1906 – 13 February 1965) was a General of the Portuguese Air Force, diplomat and politician.
Early life ...
(1906–1965), Air Force General and Presidential candidate
*
António de SpÃnola
António Sebastião Ribeiro de SpÃnola (generally referred to as António de SpÃnola, ;This surname, however, was not accompanied by the grammatical nobiliary particle "de". 11 April 1910 – 13 August 1996) was a Portuguese military o ...
(1910–1996), Army Marshal and President of Portugal
*
Adriano Moreira
Adriano José Alves Moreira, Order of Christ (Portugal), ComC GCC Order of Prince Henry, GOIH Military Order of Saint James of the Sword, GCSE (6 September 1922 – 23 October 2022) was a Portuguese lawyer, professor and a leading political f ...
(1922- ), university professor, ministry of the Overseas and politician
Uniforms
The dress uniform of the ''Colégio Militar'' is in the distinctive maroon/brown colour worn by various regiments of the Portuguese Army since the end of the 18th century. Examples are shown below. The service and field uniforms worn by cadets are of the universal army pattern.
Gallery
Image:Barretina.png, The ''Barretina'' (shako
A shako (, , or ) is a tall, cylindrical military cap, usually with a visor, and sometimes tapered at the top. It is usually adorned with an ornamental plate or badge on the front, metallic or otherwise; and often has a feather, plume (see hackle) ...
), famous symbol of the ''Colégio Militar''
Image:Ceremony96.jpg, Students in dress uniform
Image:Antiga01.jpg, Students in service dress
Image:P3069432 (6249994461).jpg, Students' battalion parade at Lisbon
Image:P3069430 (6250520326).jpg , Students' battalion parade
Image:Colégio Militar - Lisbon.jpg, Facade of the main building of the ''Colégio Militar''
Image:Colégio militar - Detail - Lisbon.jpg, Detail of the entrance of the main building
References
External links
Official websiteAlumni website
{{DEFAULTSORT:Colegio Militar
Education in Lisbon
Educational institutions established in 1803
Military academies of Portugal
Military of Portugal