Columbiana County is a

county A county is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposes Chambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations. The term is derived from the Old French ...

located in the U.S. state of

Ohio Ohio () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Of the List of states and territories of the United States, fifty U.S. states, it is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 34th-l ...

. As of the 2020 census, the population was 101,877.2020 census
/ref> The

county seat A county seat is an administrative center, seat of government, or capital city of a county or civil parish. The term is in use in Canada, China, Hungary, Romania, Taiwan, and the United States. The equivalent term shire town is used in the US ...

is Lisbon and its largest city is

Salem Salem may refer to: Places Canada Ontario * Bruce County ** Salem, Arran–Elderslie, Ontario, in the municipality of Arran–Elderslie ** Salem, South Bruce, Ontario, in the municipality of South Bruce * Salem, Dufferin County, Ontario, part ...

. The county name is derived from the explorer of the Americas,

Christopher Columbus Christopher Columbus * lij, Cristoffa C(or)ombo * es, link=no, Cristóbal Colón * pt, Cristóvão Colombo * ca, Cristòfor (or ) * la, Christophorus Columbus. (; born between 25 August and 31 October 1451, died 20 May 1506) was a ...

. Columbiana County comprises the Salem, OH Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the larger Youngstown-Warren, OH-PA Combined Statistical Area. Due to its location, Columbiana County is traditionally considered a part of

Appalachian Ohio Appalachian Ohio is a bioregion and political unit in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Ohio, characterized by the western foothills of the Appalachian Mountains and the Appalachian Plateau. The Appalachian Regional Commission defines th ...

. While northern communities are more associated with Northeast Ohio, southern communities generally share more in common culturally with Greater Pittsburgh and the

Upper Ohio Valley Upper may refer to: * Shoe#Shoe construction, Shoe upper or ''vamp'', the part of a shoe on the top of the foot * Stimulant, drugs which induce temporary improvements in either mental or physical function or both * ''Upper'', the original film titl ...

. The largely rural county sits midway between the two urban clusters. Officially considered part of the Youngstown

media market A media market, broadcast market, media region, designated market area (DMA), television market area, or simply market is a region where the population can receive the same (or similar) television and radio station offerings, and may also in ...

, the Steubenville market media stations regularly report in the area as well.

History

The principal historic Native American peoples in the area were the Lenape, Mingo, and Wyandot. The Wyandot had an encampment where the city of

now stands. Several important indigenous trails ran through the county, the most important being the Great Trail which ran through the southern parts of the county towards Sandusky. Throughout the second half of the 18th century, starting with Christopher Gist in 1750, American colonists explored the area as the Ohio Company surveyed. George Washington, while engaged in land examinations, camped in the area of present-day East Liverpool in October 1770. In the 1780s the Native Americans relinquished control of the area, and the region was surveyed in accordance with the Land Ordinance of 1785. The ensuing Public Land Survey System of the United States started by surveyor

Thomas Hutchins Thomas Hutchins ( Monmouth County, NJ 1730 – April 18, 1789, Pittsburgh) was an American military engineer, cartographer, geographer and surveyor. In 1781, Hutchins was named Geographer of the United States. He is the only person to hold that ...

on north bank of the Ohio River in present-day East Liverpool resulted in the Seven Ranges, believed to be "the first mathematically designed system and nationally conducted cadastral survey in any modern country." The first permanent settlement in the area was in 1792 or 1793, by hunter John Quinn, who settled near present-day

Calcutta Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, comm ...

in St. Clair Township. Columbiana County was founded in 1803 and named in honor of

, combining his surname with the suffix -iana. It was settled early on by

Quakers Quakers are people who belong to a historically Protestant Christian set of denominations known formally as the Religious Society of Friends. Members of these movements ("theFriends") are generally united by a belief in each human's abil ...

and Scotch-Irish from

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; (Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, Ma ...

, but was later settled primary by

Germans , native_name_lang = de , region1 = , pop1 = 72,650,269 , region2 = , pop2 = 534,000 , region3 = , pop3 = 157,000 3,322,405 , region4 = , pop4 = ...

. The county was the scene of one of the northernmost action fought during the

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by state ...

; on July 26, 1863 Confederate raiders under John Morgan were surrounded and captured by

Union forces Union commonly refers to: * Trade union, an organization of workers * Union (set theory), in mathematics, a fundamental operation on sets Union may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * Union (band), an American rock group ** ''Un ...

at the Battle of Salineville. The county was home to the largest

pottery Pottery is the process and the products of forming vessels and other objects with clay and other ceramic materials, which are fired at high temperatures to give them a hard and durable form. Major types include earthenware, stoneware and po ...

industry in the world, in East Liverpool & surrounding communities, which produced more than half of the United States' annual ceramics output. Throughout East Liverpool's ceramics history, there were more than 300 potteries. Other chief industries included iron and brick making, as well as transportation via the Ohio River, Sandy and Beaver Canal, and Pennsylvania Railroad system.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (0.5%) is water.

Adjacent counties

* Mahoning County (north) * Lawrence County, Pennsylvania (northeast) * Beaver County, Pennsylvania (east) * Hancock County, West Virginia (southeast) * Jefferson County (south) * Carroll County (southwest) * Stark County (west)

Major highways

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Demographics

2000 census

As of the

census A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses in ...

of 2000, there were 112,075 people, 42,973 households, and 30,682 families residing in the county. The

population density Population density (in agriculture: Stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical ...

was 210 people per square mile (81 per km²). There were 46,083 housing units at an average density of 86 per square mile (33/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 96.43%

White White is the lightness, lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully diffuse reflection, reflect and scattering, scatter all the ...

, 2.20%

Black Black is a color which results from the absence or complete absorption of visible light. It is an achromatic color, without hue, like white and grey. It is often used symbolically or figuratively to represent darkness. Black and white ha ...

African American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an Race and ethnicity in the United States, ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American ...

, 0.18% Native American, 0.23% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.15% from other races, and 0.79% from two or more races. 1.17% of the population were

Hispanic The term ''Hispanic'' ( es, hispano) refers to people, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or Hispanidad. The term commonly applies to countries with a cultural and historical link to Spain and to viceroyalties for ...

or Latino of any race. 24.0% were of German, 12.9% English, 12.8% American, 12.3% Irish and 9.3% Italian ancestry according to Census 2000. There were 42,973 households, out of which 31.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.10% were married couples living together, 10.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.60% were non-families. 24.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.00. In the county, the population was spread out, with 24.30% under the age of 18, 7.80% from 18 to 24, 28.60% from 25 to 44, 24.20% from 45 to 64, and 15.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 98.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.60 males. The median income for a household in the county was $34,226, and the median income for a family was $40,486. Males had a median income of $32,134 versus $20,331 for females. The

per capita income Per capita income (PCI) or total income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. It is calculated by dividing the area's total income by its total population. Per capita i ...

for the county was $16,655. About 9.00% of families and 11.50% of the population were below the

poverty line The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. The poverty line is usually calculated by estimating the total cost of one year's worth of necessities for ...

, including 16.20% of those under age 18 and 8.40% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 107,841 people, 42,683 households, and 29,101 families residing in the county. The population density was . There were 47,088 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the county was 95.5% white, 2.2% black or African American, 0.3% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.5% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.2% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 29.2% were German, 17.7% were Irish, 14.6% were English, 9.1% were Italian, and 7.6% were American. Of the 42,683 households, 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.4% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 31.8% were non-families, and 26.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.92. The median age was 42.3 years. The median income for a household in the county was $39,502 and the median income for a family was $48,948. Males had a median income of $39,614 versus $27,179 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,635. About 12.1% of families and 16.0% of the population were below the

, including 25.6% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over.

Politics

Unlike most counties in Northeast Ohio, Columbiana County has been predominantly Republican throughout most of its history. In only eight elections from 1856 to the present has a Democratic Party candidate won the county, the most recent being

Bill Clinton William Jefferson Clinton (Birth name, né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He previously served as governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 ...

in 1996. Despite this, the county was a swing county in the latter half of the 20th century, voting for the national winner in all but two elections from 1952 to 2004. However, it has trended strongly Republican in recent elections, with the party's candidates garnering increasing amounts of the vote in each presidential election from 2000 on. This trend was most apparent in 2016 when

Donald Trump Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who served as the 45th president of the United States from 2017 to 2021. Trump graduated from the Wharton School of the University of ...

posted the best showing by a Republican in the county since

Herbert Hoover Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American politician who served as the 31st president of the United States from 1929 to 1933 and a member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, holding o ...

in 1928 with a 41.4 point margin of victory over

Hillary Clinton Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton ( Rodham; born October 26, 1947) is an American politician, diplomat, and former lawyer who served as the 67th United States Secretary of State for President Barack Obama from 2009 to 2013, as a United States senat ...

Government

File:Seal of Columbiana County (Ohio) Auditor.svg, Seal of the Columbiana County Auditor File:Seal of Columbiana County (Ohio) Board of Commissioners.svg, Seal of the Columbiana County Board of Commissioners File:Seal of Columbiana County (Ohio) Board of Elections.svg, Seal of the Columbiana County Board of Elections File:Seal of Columbiana County (Ohio) Common Pleas Court.svg, Seal of the Common Pleas Court of Columbiana County File:Seal of Columbiana County (Ohio) Court House.svg, Seal of the Columbiana County Court House File:Seal of Columbiana County (Ohio) Recorder.svg, Seal of the Columbiana County Recorder File:Seal of Columbiana County (Ohio) Treasurer.svg, Seal of the Columbiana County Treasurer

County commissioners

County officials

Judgeships

Ohio House of Representatives

Ohio State Senate

United States House of Representatives

United States Senate

Education

Colleges and universities

* Allegheny Wesleyan College * Kent State University at East Liverpool * Kent State University at Salem

Community, junior, and technical colleges

* Columbiana County Career and Technical Center *East Ohio College * New Castle School of Trades

Public school districts

* Alliance City School District * Beaver Local School District * Columbiana Exempted Village School District * Crestview Local School District *

East Liverpool City School District The East Liverpool City School District is a public school district serving the communities of East Liverpool, La Croft, Glenmoor, and Liverpool Township in southeastern Columbiana County in the U.S. state of Ohio Ohio () is a state in t ...

East Palestine City School District The East Palestine City School District is a public school district serving East Palestine and parts of surrounding Middleton and Unity townships in northeastern Columbiana County in Ohio Ohio () is a state in the Midwestern region of the ...

Leetonia Exempted Village School District The Leetonia Exempted Village School District is a public school district serving Leetonia and surrounding Salem Township in northern Columbiana County in the U.S. state of Ohio Ohio () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United St ...

* Lisbon Exempted Village School District *

Minerva Local School District Minerva Local School District is a rural public school district serving students in the tri-county area between Columbiana, Carroll, and Stark counties, and the village of Minerva, also a part of Paris township. The district is made up of 3 schoo ...

* Salem City School District *

Southern Local School District Southern may refer to: Businesses * China Southern Airlines, airline based in Guangzhou, China * Southern Airways, defunct US airline * Southern Air, air cargo transportation company based in Norwalk, Connecticut, US * Southern Airways Express, ...

United Local School District The United Local School District is a public school district serving western Columbiana County in the U.S. state of Ohio Ohio () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Of the fifty U.S. states, it is the 34th-largest ...

Wellsville Local School District The Wellsville Local School District is a public school district serving the Wellsville area in southeastern Columbiana County in the U.S. state of Ohio Ohio () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Of the fifty U.S. ...

West Branch Local School District West or Occident is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from east and is the direction in which the Sun sets on the Earth. Etymology The word "west" is a Germanic word passed into some R ...

High schools

* Beaver Local High School * Columbiana High School * Crestview High School *

David Anderson Junior/Senior High School David Anderson Junior/Senior High School is a public high school in Lisbon, Ohio, United States. It is the only secondary school in the Lisbon Exempted Village School District. Sports teams compete as the Lisbon Blue Devils in the Ohio High Scho ...

East Liverpool Junior/Senior High School East Liverpool Junior/Senior High School is a public high school in East Liverpool, Ohio, United States. It is the only secondary school in the East Liverpool City School District, serving the city and surrounding Glenmoor, La Croft and Liverpo ...

East Palestine High School East Palestine High School is a public high school in East Palestine, Ohio, United States. It is the only secondary school in the East Palestine City School District. Athletic teams compete as the East Palestine Bulldogs in the Ohio High School ...

Leetonia High School Leetonia High School (LHS) is a public high school in Leetonia, Ohio, United States. It is the only high school in the Leetonia Exempted Village School District. Athletic teams compete as the Leetonia Bears in the Ohio High School Athletic Associa ...

* Salem High School * Southern Local Junior/Senior High School * United High School * Wellsville Junior/Senior High School

Private schools

Heartland Christian School Heartland Christian School is a private, Pre-K– 12 christian school in Columbiana, Ohio. Athletic teams compete as the Heartland Christian Lions in the Ohio High School Athletic Association. History The school was founded by Rev. Cecil Jones ...

– Columbiana *East Liverpool Christian School – Glenmoor *St. Paul Elementary School – Salem

Communities

Cities

* Columbiana * East Liverpool *

Villages

East Palestine East Palestine ( ) is a village in northeastern Columbiana County, Ohio, United States. The population was 4,761 at the 2020 census. Located on the state's border with Pennsylvania, East Palestine is 20 miles (31 km) south of Youngstown and ...

* Hanoverton *

Leetonia Leetonia is a village in northern Columbiana County, Ohio, United States. The population was 1,833 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Salem micropolitan area, about south of Youngstown. History The Village of Leetonia was founded in 1869, f ...

* Lisbon (county seat) *

Minerva Minerva (; ett, Menrva) is the Roman goddess of wisdom, justice, law, victory, and the sponsor of arts, trade, and strategy. Minerva is not a patron of violence such as Mars, but of strategic war. From the second century BC onward, the R ...

* New Waterford * Rogers * Salineville * Summitville * Washingtonville * Wellsville

Townships

* Butler * Center * Elkrun * Fairfield * Franklin *

Hanover Hanover (; german: Hannover ; nds, Hannober) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Lower Saxony. Its 535,932 (2021) inhabitants make it the 13th-largest city in Germany as well as the fourth-largest city in Northern Germany ...

* Knox *

Liverpool Liverpool is a City status in the United Kingdom, city and metropolitan borough in Merseyside, England. With a population of in 2019, it is the List of English districts by population, 10th largest English district by population and its E ...

* Madison * Middleton * Perry *

* St. Clair * Unity * Washington * Wayne * West * Yellow Creek https://web.archive.org/web/20160715023447/http://www.ohiotownships.org/township-websites

Census-designated places

* Damascus * East Rochester * Glenmoor * Homeworth * La Croft * Lake Tomahawk * Negley * Salem Heights

Unincorporated communities

* Achor * Bayard * Cannons Mill * Chambersburg * Clarkson * Dungannon * East Carmel * East Fairfield * Elkton * Franklin Square * Fredericktown * Gavers *

Glasgow Glasgow ( ; sco, Glesca or ; gd, Glaschu ) is the most populous city in Scotland and the fourth-most populous city in the United Kingdom, as well as being the 27th largest city by population in Europe. In 2020, it had an estimated pop ...

Guilford Guildford is a town in Surrey, England. It gives its name to the Borough of Guildford, the Diocese of Guildford and the Parliamentary constituency of Guildford. Guildford, Guilford, or Gildford may also refer to: Places Australia * Guildfor ...

Highlandtown Highlandtown is a neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Description and history The area currently known as Highlandtown was established in 1866 when the area known as "Snake Hill" was established as a village outside the Baltimor ...

* Kensington * Lynchburg * Middleton *

Mill Rock Mill Rock is a small uninhabited island between Manhattan and Queens in New York City. It lies about off Manhattan's East 96th Street, south of Randalls and Wards Islands, where the East River and Harlem River converge. Mill Rock is located a ...

* Millport * Moultrie * New Alexander * New Garden *

New Middleton New is an adjective referring to something recently made, discovered, or created. New or NEW may refer to: Music * New, singer of K-pop group The Boyz Albums and EPs * ''New'' (album), by Paul McCartney, 2013 * ''New'' (EP), by Regurgitator ...

* New Salisbury * North Georgetown * Reading * Signal * Teegarden * Unionville * Unity *

Valley A valley is an elongated low area often running between hills or mountains, which will typically contain a river or stream running from one end to the other. Most valleys are formed by erosion of the land surface by rivers or streams over ...

West Point The United States Military Academy (USMA), also known Metonymy, metonymically as West Point or simply as Army, is a United States service academies, United States service academy in West Point, New York. It was originally established as a f ...

* Williamsport *

Winona Winona, Wynona or Wynonna may refer to: Places Canada * Winona, Ontario United States * Winona, Arizona * Winona, Indiana * Winona Lake, Indiana * Winona, Kansas * Winona, Michigan * Winona County, Minnesota ** Winona, Minnesota, the seat of Wi ...

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2020 census of Columbiana County. * ''majority of municipality in Columbiana County''
** ''minority of municipality in Columbiana County''
† ''county seat''

Notable residents

* Harvey Firestone, businessman and founder of the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company *

William M. Fogo William Montgomery Fogo (June 18, 1841 – August 1, 1903) was an American newspaper editor and politician. Born in Columbiana County, Ohio, Fogo and his parents moved to the town of Marshall, Richland County, Wisconsin. Marshall served in th ...

, Wisconsin legislator and newspaper editor * Mark Hanna,

U.S. senator The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and powe ...

from Ohio; grew up in Lisbon *

Ammon Hennacy Ammon Ashford Hennacy (1893–1970) was an American Christian pacifist, anarchist, social activist, member of the Catholic Worker Movement, and Wobbly. He established the Joe Hill House of Hospitality in Salt Lake City, Utah, and practiced ...

, Christian anarchist; grew up in Negley * Lou Holtz, former college football coach; grew up in East Liverpool *

Robert Justice Robert Justice (March 15, 1809 – October 2, 1889) was an early statesman in the U.S. state of Ohio. He began his political career in 1840 after being elected to the position of county recorder of Holmes County. Following the end of his term ...

, early Ohio statesman * William McKinley, 25th president of the United States; grew up in Lisbon * William Ralston, who founded the Bank of California and became for a time the richest man in California; born in Columbiana County * Clement Vallandigham, Copperhead leader; born and lived for several years in Lisbon * Derek Wolfe,

NFL The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that consists of 32 teams, divided equally between the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFL is one of the major ...

defensive end for the

Baltimore Ravens The Baltimore Ravens are a professional American football team based in Baltimore, Maryland. The Ravens compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the American Football Conference (AFC) North division. The team plays it ...

; grew up in Negley

References

External links

Official Columbiana County website
{{coord, 40.77, -80.78, display=title, type:adm2nd_region:US-OH_source:UScensus1990 Appalachian Ohio Counties of Appalachia Ohio counties on the Ohio River 1803 establishments in Ohio Populated places established in 1803