The Colegio Mayor de San Bartolomé, also formerly known as Colegio Mayor de Anaya or Colegio Viejo, is a ''colegio mayor'' (residential college) attached to the University of Salamanca and located in Salamanca ( Spain).

History

It was founded in 1401 by Don Diego de Anaya, as a residential college attached to the University of Salamanca and was the model for the other five classical colleges in Spain and for others in Spanish America. Anaya himself wrote its first

statutes A statute is a formal written enactment of a legislative authority that governs the legal entities of a city, state, or country by way of consent. Typically, statutes command or prohibit something, or declare policy. Statutes are rules made by le ...

in 1405. The color of the robe and the beca of the students was brown. It was popularly known as Colegio de Anaya, after the name of its founder. Although at the beginning it was a foundation to allow the low-income, intelligent young students, the payment of their studies by means of a scholarship, the prestige that gave having studied in this or any other of the ''Colegios Mayores'' of Salamanca, made that towards the end of the 16th century, their places were occupied by the sons of noble or wealthy families, which significantly lowered the level of studies. The means used by the students to limit access only to nobles was to require "

cleanliness of blood The concept of (), (, ) or (), literally "cleanliness of blood" and meaning "blood purity", was an early system of racialized discrimination used in early modern Spain and Portugal. The label referred to those who were considered "Old Chri ...

", which, although it seemed designed to prevent the entry of descendants of Judeo-converts, in reality, prevented the entry of humble aspirants, who had no family records to prove their cleanliness of blood. For the lower-class students, often servants of the nobles, an annexed '' hospedería'' was built. Annexes to it, were two other ''Colegios Menores'': the one on Burgos (

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), which disappeared in the second half of the

17th century The 17th century lasted from January 1, 1601 ( MDCI), to December 31, 1700 ( MDCC). It falls into the early modern period of Europe and in that continent (whose impact on the world was increasing) was characterized by the Baroque cultural moveme ...

, and the one of St. Peter and St. Paul (suppressed in March 1563, by agreement of the students themselves). The school was closed in 1798 and, although it had a brief period of rebirth around 1840, as a Scientific College, later its headquarters was used to expand the classrooms of the university and is currently the Faculty of Philology of the University of Salamanca. The college was re-established as a dormitory on February 19, 1942 and later, on December 16, 2011, it resumed its status as a residential college. It currently occupies a recently constructed building, located next to the Miguel de Unamuno campus. It has the capacity to house 184 residents.

The old building

The original building, which was apparently made of brick and of modest construction, was badly damaged in the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, 1755 Lisbon Earthquake and in its place was built the present building (called Palacio de Anaya), more in keeping with the lineage of the occupants of the time, which is one of the few neoclassical buildings in Salamanca. Its construction began in 1760, its creators were José de Hermosilla and Juan de Sagarvinaga. Its most striking elements are the facade and the imperial staircase inside the palace, where there is also an interesting bust of Miguel de Unamuno, made by Victorio Macho in 1930.

Notable students

* Alonso Tostado * John of Sahagún, St. John of Sahagún * Diego Ramírez de Fuenleal (known as Diego Ramírez de Villaescusa, who founded the Colegio Mayor de Cuenca, in Salamanca, Spain.) * Íñigo López de Mendoza y Zúñiga * Antonio Zapata y Cisneros * Juan Martínez Silíceo * Antonio Sevil de Santelices

References

External links

Official Website
(In Spanish)
Page about the school on the University of Salamanca's Website
* The original version of this article, or part of it, was obtained fro
wikisalamanca
which publishes under th
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license. {{Commons category, Colegio-Palacio de Anaya (Salamanca), Colegio Mayor de San Bartolomé Schools in Spain