''Coenonympha'' is a
butterfly
Butterflies are winged insects from the lepidopteran superfamily Papilionoidea, characterized by large, often brightly coloured wings that often fold together when at rest, and a conspicuous, fluttering flight. The oldest butterfly fossi ...
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
belonging to the
Coenonymphina, a
subtribe
Subtribe is a taxonomic category ranking which is below the rank of tribe and above genus. The standard suffix for a subtribe is -ina (in animals) or -inae (in plants). The first use of this word dates back to the late 19th century. An example of ...
of the browns (
Satyrinae
The Satyrinae, the satyrines or satyrids, commonly known as the browns, are a subfamily of the Nymphalidae (brush-footed butterflies). They were formerly considered a distinct family, Satyridae. This group contains nearly half of the known divers ...
). The latter are a
subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...
of the brush-footed butterflies (
Nymphalidae
The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species ha ...
). As a rule,
Palearctic
The Palearctic or Palaearctic is a biogeographic realm of the Earth, the largest of eight. Confined almost entirely to the Eastern Hemisphere, it stretches across Europe and Asia, north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa.
Th ...
species are colloquially called heaths, while
Nearctic
The Nearctic realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting the Earth's land surface.
The Nearctic realm covers most of North America, including Greenland, Central Florida, and the highlands of Mexico. The parts of North America ...
ones are called ringlets. Neither term is limited to members of this genus, however.
Selected species
Listed alphabetically:
[See references in Savela (2008)]
* ''
Coenonympha amaryllis''
Stoll, 1782
* ''
Coenonympha ampelos''
Edwards, 1871 – northwest ringlet
* ''
Coenonympha arcania''
(Linnaeus, 1761) – pearly heath
* ''
Coenonympha arcanioides''
Pierret, 1837 – Moroccan pearly heath
* ''
Coenonympha caeca''
Staudinger, 1886
* ''
Coenonympha california''
Westwood, 1851 – California ringlet
* ''
Coenonympha corinna''
(Hübner, 1804) – Corsican heath
orsica, Sardinia, Elba
* ''
Coenonympha darwiniana''
Staudinger, 1871 (sometimes in ''C. gardetta'', or ''C. arcania × C. gardetta'')
** ''Coenonympha (darwiniana) macromma''
Turati & Verity 1910
* ''
Coenonympha × decolorata''
Wagner, 1913 (= ''C. mahometana × C. sunbecca'')
* ''
Coenonympha dorus''
(Esper, 1782) – dusky heath
* ''
Coenonympha fettigii''
Oberthür, 1874
* ''
Coenonympha gardetta''
(de Prunner, 1798) – Alpine heath
lps, northern Balkans* ''
Coenonympha glycerion''
(Borkhausen, 1788) – chestnut heath
* ''
Coenonympha haydenii''
Edwards, 1872 – Hayden's ringlet, Wyoming ringlet, Yellowstone ringlet
* ''
Coenonympha hero''
(Linnaeus, 1761) – scarce heath
* ''
Coenonympha inornata''
Edwards, 1861 – prairie ringlet
* ''
Coenonympha iphioides''
Staudinger, 1870 – Spanish heath
* ''
Coenonympha kodiak''
Edwards, 1869 – Kodiak ringlet
* ''
Coenonympha leander''
Esper, 1784 – Russian heath
* ''
Coenonympha mahometana''
Alphéraky, 1881
* ''
Coenonympha mangeri''
Bang Haas, 1927
* ''
Coenonympha mongolica''
Alphéraky, 1881
* ''
Coenonympha nipisiquit''
McDunnough, 1939 – maritime ringlet
* ''
Coenonympha nolckeni''
Erschoff, 1874
* ''
Coenonympha ochracea''
Edwards, 1861 – ocher ringlet
* ''
Coenonympha oedippus''
(Fabricius, 1787) – false ringlet
* ''
Coenonympha pamphilus''
(Linnaeus, 1758) – small heath
* ''
Coenonympha pavonina''
Alphéraky, 1888
* ''
Coenonympha rhodopensis''
Elwes, 1900 – eastern large heath
taly, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, N.Greece, Yugoslavia* ''
Coenonympha saadi''
Kollar, 1849
* ''
Coenonympha semenovi''
Alphéraky, 1887
* ''
Coenonympha sinica''
Alphéraky, 1888
* ''
Coenonympha sunbecca''
Eversmann, 1843
* ''
Coenonympha symphita''
Lederer, 1870
* ''
Coenonympha thyrsis''
Freyer, 1845
* ''
Coenonympha tullia''
(Müller, 1764) – large heath, common ringlet
* ''
Coenonympha tydeus''
Leech, 1892
* ''
Coenonympha vaucheri''
Blachier, 1905 – Vaucher's heath
* ''
Coenonympha xinjiangensis''
Chou & Huang, 1994
Gallery
Coenonympha arcania (HS).jpg, '' Coenonympha arcania''
Coenonympha dorus (2008.08.13 Alquezar Spain).jpg, '' Coenonympha dorus''
Coenonympha gardetta gardetta 01 (HS).JPG, '' Coenonympha gardetta''
Coenonympha glycerion.JPG, '' Coenonympha glycerion''
(MHNT) Coenonympha hero - Krakow Poland - male ventral.jpg, '' Coenonympha hero''
Satyridae - Coenonympha pamphilus (1).JPG, '' Coenonympha pamphilus''
Common Ringlet.jpg, '' Coenonympha tullia''
(MHNT) Coenonympha vaucheri - Tizi-n-Tamda, Maroc - male dorsal.jpg, '' Coenonympha vaucheri''
Footnotes
References
"''Coenonympha'' Hübner, [1819]"at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms''
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Satyrini">Coenonympha">
Satyrini
Butterfly genera
Taxa named by Jacob Hübner">Satyrini
Butterfly genera">Satyrini">Coenonympha">
Satyrini
Butterfly genera
Taxa named by Jacob Hübner
{{Satyrini-stub