''Coenonympha'' is a

butterfly Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the Order (biology), order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The ...

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

belonging to the Coenonymphina, a

subtribe Subtribe is a taxonomic category ranking which is below the rank of tribe and above genus. The standard suffix for a subtribe is -ina (in animals) or -inae (in plants Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plant ...

of the browns (

Satyrinae The Satyrinae, the satyrines or satyrids, commonly known as the browns, are a subfamily of the Nymphalidae (brush-footed butterflies). They were formerly considered a distinct family, Satyridae. This group contains nearly half of the known divers ...

). The latter are a

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

of the brush-footed butterflies (

Nymphalidae The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species have a red ...

). As a rule,

Palearctic The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeographic realms of the Earth. It stretches across all of Eurasia north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa. The realm consists of several bioregions: the Euro-Sibe ...

species are colloquially called heaths, while

Nearctic The Nearctic realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting the Earth's land surface. The Nearctic realm covers most of North America, including Greenland, Central Florida, and the highlands of Mexico. The parts of North America t ...

ones are called ringlets. Neither term is limited to members of this genus, however.

Selected species

Listed alphabetically:See references in Savela (2008) * ''

Coenonympha amaryllis ''Coenonympha amaryllis'' is a small butterfly found in the East Palearctic that belongs to the browns family. Description from Seitz C. amaryllis. Upperside uniformly sandy yellow as in '' pamphilus'', sometimes, especially in the female, sl ...

'' Stoll, 1782 * ''

Coenonympha ampelos ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns ( Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies (Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths ...

'' Edwards, 1871 – northwest ringlet * ''

Coenonympha arcania ''Coenonympha arcania'', the pearly heath, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. Distribution It can be found in Central Europe. Description It resembles ''Coenonympha hero''. Seitz describes it thus ''C. arcania'' L ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1761) – pearly heath * ''

Coenonympha arcanioides ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns ( Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies (Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths ...

'' Pierret, 1837 – Moroccan pearly heath * ''

Coenonympha caeca ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns ( Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies (Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths ...

'' Staudinger, 1886 * ''

Coenonympha california ''Coenonympha california'', also known as the California ringlet or common ringlet, is a species of butterfly native to North America. Although it has previously been considered a subspecies of '' Coenonympha tullia'', genetic testing suggests i ...

'' Westwood, 1851 – California ringlet * '' Coenonympha corinna'' (Hübner, 1804) – Corsican heath orsica, Sardinia, Elba * ''

Coenonympha darwiniana ''Coenonympha gardetta'', the Alpine heath, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It can be in alpine meadows on heights of 800 to 2,900 from the Massif Central to Albania Albania ( ; sq, Shqipëri or ), or , also ...

'' Staudinger, 1871 (sometimes in ''C. gardetta'', or ''C. arcania × C. gardetta'') ** ''Coenonympha (darwiniana) macromma'' Turati & Verity 1910 * ''

Coenonympha × decolorata ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns ( Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies (Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths ...

'' Wagner, 1913 (= ''C. mahometana × C. sunbecca'') * '' Coenonympha dorus'' (Esper, 1782) – dusky heath * ''

Coenonympha fettigii ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns ( Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies (Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths ...

'' Oberthür, 1874 * ''

Coenonympha gardetta ''Coenonympha gardetta'', the Alpine heath, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It can be in alpine meadows on heights of 800 to 2,900 from the Massif Central to Albania Albania ( ; sq, Shqipëri or ), or , also ...

'' (de Prunner, 1798) – Alpine heath lps, northern Balkans* ''

Coenonympha glycerion ''Coenonympha glycerion'', the chestnut heath, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It can be found in Eastern Europe and east across the Palearctic to Siberia and the Caucasus to North Korea. Description in Seitz C. ''i ...

'' (Borkhausen, 1788) – chestnut heath * ''

Coenonympha haydenii ''Coenonympha haydenii'', or Hayden's ringlet, is a species of brush-footed butterfly in the family Nymphalidae The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belo ...

'' Edwards, 1872 – Hayden's ringlet, Wyoming ringlet, Yellowstone ringlet * ''

Coenonympha hero ''Coenonympha hero'', the scarce heath, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. Distribution It can be found in Central Europe, Northern Europe and the North Palearctic (Urals East to Mongolia, Korea and Japan). Descri ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1761) – scarce heath * ''

Coenonympha inornata ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns ( Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies (Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths ...

'' Edwards, 1861 – prairie ringlet * ''

Coenonympha iphioides ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns ( Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies (Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths ...

'' Staudinger, 1870 – Spanish heath * ''

Coenonympha kodiak ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns ( Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies (Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths ...

'' Edwards, 1869 – Kodiak ringlet * ''

Coenonympha leander ''Coenonympha leander'', the Russian heath, is a butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It is found in northern Greece, Hungary, Bulgaria, southern Russia, Asia Minor, Armenia and Iran. The habitat consists of warm grassy areas. The win ...

'' Esper, 1784 – Russian heath * ''

Coenonympha mahometana ''Coenonympha mahometana'' is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in parts of the Tian-Shan region, mainly Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and western China. It can be found in various humid habitats from grassy fields along st ...

'' Alphéraky, 1881 * ''

Coenonympha mangeri ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns ( Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies (Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths ...

'' Bang Haas, 1927 * '' Coenonympha mongolica'' Alphéraky, 1881 * '' Coenonympha nipisiquit'' McDunnough, 1939 – maritime ringlet * '' Coenonympha nolckeni'' Erschoff, 1874 * '' Coenonympha ochracea'' Edwards, 1861 – ocher ringlet * '' Coenonympha oedippus'' (Fabricius, 1787) – false ringlet * ''

Coenonympha pamphilus The small heath (''Coenonympha pamphilus'') is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae, classified within the subfamily Satyrinae (commonly known as "the browns"). It is the smallest butterfly in this subfamily. The small heath ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – small heath * '' Coenonympha pavonina'' Alphéraky, 1888 * ''

Coenonympha rhodopensis ''Coenonympha rhodopensis'' (eastern large heath) is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Italy, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, northern Greece, Serbia and Montenegro ) , image_map = Europe-Montenegro.svg , map ...

'' Elwes, 1900 – eastern large heath taly, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, N.Greece, Yugoslavia* '' Coenonympha saadi'' Kollar, 1849 * ''

Coenonympha semenovi ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns ( Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies (Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths ...

'' Alphéraky, 1887 * '' Coenonympha sinica'' Alphéraky, 1888 * '' Coenonympha sunbecca'' Eversmann, 1843 * '' Coenonympha symphita'' Lederer, 1870 * '' Coenonympha thyrsis'' Freyer, 1845 * ''

Coenonympha tullia ''Coenonympha tullia'', the large heath or common ringlet, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It flies in a variety of grassy habitats, including roadsides, woodland edges and clearings, prairies, bogs, and arctic and alpine taiga and tun ...

'' (Müller, 1764) – large heath, common ringlet * '' Coenonympha tydeus'' Leech, 1892 * '' Coenonympha vaucheri'' Blachier, 1905 – Vaucher's heath * '' Coenonympha xinjiangensis'' Chou & Huang, 1994

Gallery

Coenonympha arcania (HS).jpg, ''

'' Coenonympha dorus (2008.08.13 Alquezar Spain).jpg, '' Coenonympha dorus'' Coenonympha gardetta gardetta 01 (HS).JPG, ''

'' Coenonympha glycerion.JPG, ''

'' (MHNT) Coenonympha hero - Krakow Poland - male ventral.jpg, ''

'' Satyridae - Coenonympha pamphilus (1).JPG, ''

'' Common Ringlet.jpg, ''

'' (MHNT) Coenonympha vaucheri - Tizi-n-Tamda, Maroc - male dorsal.jpg, '' Coenonympha vaucheri''

Footnotes

References

"''Coenonympha''_Hübner,_[1819]"
at_Markku_Savela's_''Lepidoptera_and_Some_Other_Life_Forms'' Coenonympha.html" ;"title="819]"">"''Coenonympha'' Hübner, [1819]"
at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms'' Coenonympha"> Satyrini Butterfly genera Taxa named by Jacob Hübner {{Satyrini-stub