''Codonopsis'' is a genus of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...
in the family
Campanulaceae
The family Campanulaceae (also bellflower family), of the order Asterales, contains nearly 2400 species in 84 genera of herbaceous plants, shrubs, and rarely small trees, often with milky sap. Among them are several familiar garden plants belo ...
. As currently recognized, ''Codonopsis'' includes two other groups sometimes separated as distinct genera, i.e. ''Campanumoea'' and ''Leptocodon.''
[Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families](_blank)
/ref>Flora of China v 19 p 505, 桔梗科 jie geng ke, Campanulaceae
/ref> The enlarged genus ''Codonopsis'' is widespread across eastern, southern, central, and southeastern Asia
Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an are ...
, including China, Japan, the Russian Far East
The Russian Far East (russian: Дальний Восток России, r=Dal'niy Vostok Rossii, p=ˈdalʲnʲɪj vɐˈstok rɐˈsʲiɪ) is a region in Northeast Asia. It is the easternmost part of Russia and the Asian continent; and is admin ...
, Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbeki ...
, the Indian Subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent is a list of the physiographic regions of the world, physiographical region in United Nations geoscheme for Asia#Southern Asia, Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian O ...
, Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
, Indochina
Mainland Southeast Asia, also known as the Indochinese Peninsula or Indochina, is the continental portion of Southeast Asia. It lies east of the Indian subcontinent and south of Mainland China and is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the west an ...
, Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
, etc.
Uses
Medicinal uses
'' Codonopsis pilosula'' () is an important medicinal herb in traditional Chinese medicine
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an alternative medical practice drawn from traditional medicine in China. It has been described as "fraught with pseudoscience", with the majority of its treatments having no logical mechanism of acti ...
.[Li, C. Y., et al. (2009)]
Quality assessment of Radix Codonopsis by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance.
''Journal of Chromatography A'' 1216(11) 2124-29.
Food uses
''Codonopsis lanceolata
''Codonopsis lanceolata'', also called deodeok or lance asiabell, is a flowering plant native to East Asia ( China, Japan, Korea, and the Russian Far East). It is a variety of bonnet bellflower.
Description
It is a hardy perennial climber that ...
'' (Korean: deodeok) is used as a food in Korean cuisine.
Species
Species currently (July 2014) accepted by Kew's World Checklist. Species with no range given are endemic to China
*''Codonopsis affinis
''Codonopsis'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Campanulaceae. As currently recognized, ''Codonopsis'' includes two other groups sometimes separated as distinct genera, i.e. ''Campanumoea'' and ''Leptocodon.'' The enlarged genus ''Codo ...
'' – China, Himalayas, Myanmar ()
*'' Codonopsis alpina'' – (高山党参)
*'' Codonopsis argentea'' – (银背叶党参)
*'' Codonopsis benthamii'' – China, Himalayas, Myanmar
*'' Codonopsis bhutanica'' – Bhutan, Nepal, Tibet
*'' Codonopsis bragaensis'' – Nepal
*'' Codonopsis bulleyana'' – (管钟党参)
*'' Codonopsis canescens'' – (灰毛党参)
*'' Codonopsis cardiophylla'' – (光叶党参)
*'' Codonopsis chimiliensis'' – Yunnan, Myanmar (滇湎党参)
*'' Codonopsis chlorocodon'' – (绿钟党参)
*'' Codonopsis clematidea'' – Central Asia, Tibet, Xinjiang, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, western Himalayas (新疆党参)
*''Codonopsis convolvulacea
''Codonopsis'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Campanulaceae. As currently recognized, ''Codonopsis'' includes two other groups sometimes separated as distinct genera, i.e. ''Campanumoea'' and ''Leptocodon.'' The enlarged genus ''Codo ...
'' – Tibet, Yunnan, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar (鸡蛋参)
*''Codonopsis cordifolioidea
''Codonopsis'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Campanulaceae. As currently recognized, ''Codonopsis'' includes two other groups sometimes separated as distinct genera, i.e. ''Campanumoea'' and ''Leptocodon.'' The enlarged genus ''Codo ...
'' – (心叶党参)
*'' Codonopsis deltoidea'' – (三角叶党参)
*'' Codonopsis dicentrifolia'' – Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam (珠峰党参)
*'' Codonopsis efilamentosa'' – Yunnan, Myanmar
*'' Codonopsis farreri'' – Yunnan, Myanmar – (秃叶党参)
*'' Codonopsis foetens'' – China, eastern Himalayas (臭党参)
*'' Codonopsis forrestii'' – China, Myanmar
*'' Codonopsis gombalana'' – (贡山党参)
*'' Codonopsis gracilis'' – Yunnan, Myanmar, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam
*'' Codonopsis henryi'' – (川鄂党参)
*'' Codonopsis hirsuta''
*'' Codonopsis hongii''
*'' Codonopsis inflata'' Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam
*'' Codonopsis javanica'' – widespread across China, Japan, Himalayas, Indochina, Java, Sumatra
*'' Codonopsis kawakamii'' – Taiwan (台湾党参)
*''Codonopsis lanceolata
''Codonopsis lanceolata'', also called deodeok or lance asiabell, is a flowering plant native to East Asia ( China, Japan, Korea, and the Russian Far East). It is a variety of bonnet bellflower.
Description
It is a hardy perennial climber that ...
'' – China, Korea, Japan, Russian Far East (羊乳)
*'' Codonopsis levicalyx'' – (光萼党参)
*'' Codonopsis limprichtii''
*'' Codonopsis macrophylla'' – Tibet
*'' Codonopsis mairei''
*'' Codonopsis meleagris'' – (珠鸡斑党参)
*'' Codonopsis micrantha'' – (小花党参)
*'' Codonopsis minima'' – Korea
*'' Codonopsis nepalensis'' – Nepal
*'' Codonopsis ovata'' Pakistan, Kashmir
*'' Codonopsis pianmaensis''
*'' Codonopsis pilosula'' – China, Mongolia, Korea, Primorye (党参)
*'' Codonopsis purpurea'' – Tibet, Yunnan, Himalayas (India, Nepal, Bhutan) (紫花党参)
*'' Codonopsis rosulata'' – (莲座状党参)
*'' Codonopsis rotundifolia'' – Tibet, Yunnan, Himalayas (India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan)
*'' Codonopsis subglobosa'' – (球花党参)
*'' Codonopsis subscaposa'' – (抽葶党参)
*'' Codonopsis subsimplex'' – Tibet, Himalayas (India, Nepal, Bhutan) (藏南党参)
*'' Codonopsis thalictrifolia'' – Tibet, Himalayas (India, Nepal, Bhutan) – (唐松草党参)
*'' Codonopsis tsinglingensis'' – (秦岭党参)
*'' Codonopsis tubulosa'' – (管花党参)
*'' Codonopsis ussuriensis'' – China, Japan, Korea, Primorye (雀斑党参)
*'' Codonopsis vinciflora''
*'' Codonopsis viridiflora'' – (绿花党参)
*'' Codonopsis viridis'' – Tibet, Himalayas (India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan)
References
Campanuloideae
Campanulaceae genera
Plants used in traditional Chinese medicine
Medicinal plants
{{medicinal-plant-stub}
Codonopsis Examples and Information