Clytemnestra (dance)
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''Clytemnestra'' is a 90-minute ballet choreographed by
Martha Graham Martha Graham (May 11, 1894 – April 1, 1991) was an American modern dancer and choreographer. Her style, the Graham technique, reshaped American dance and is still taught worldwide. Graham danced and taught for over seventy years. She wa ...
. It premiered on April 1, 1958, at the Adelphi Theatre in New York with music composed by Halim El-Dabh and sets designed by Isamu Noguchi. Following '' Cave of the Heart'', ''
Errand into the Maze ''Errand into the Maze'' is a Martha Graham ballet based on a poem by Ben Belitt set to music by Gian Carlo Menotti. The surrealistic set was designed by Isamu Noguchi, the costumes by Graham herself. The dance uses the Greek myth of Ariadne and th ...
'', and ''Night Journey'', ''Clytemnestra'' continued Graham's series of choreography inspired by Greek mythology.


Development

In the late 1950s, after being acquainted with Eugene Lester, the composer and arranger for Martha Graham, at a party, Halim El-Dabh was invited to Graham's studio. Graham commissioned a 15-minute music piece after being impressed by his music. However, the music was not used after he sensed a hesitation from Graham. The music was then recomposed and developed into the music used for the ballet.


Theme

''Clytemnestra'' was inspired by Aeschylus' Oreseteia and tells of the events that precede Clytemnestra's choice to murder her husband, Agamemnon, upon his return home from the Trojan War. In keeping with her other myth-inspired choreographies, Graham centers the female perspective in this dance. And while primarily focusing on Clytemnestra and the past experiences that drove her to commit murder, the dance also includes the tragic stories of other mythical women such as
Helen Helen may refer to: People * Helen of Troy, in Greek mythology, the most beautiful woman in the world * Helen (actress) (born 1938), Indian actress * Helen (given name), a given name (including a list of people with the name) Places * Helen, ...
,
Electra Electra (; grc, Ήλέκτρα) is one of the most popular mythological characters in tragedies.Evans (1970), p. 79 She is the main character in two Greek tragedies, '' Electra'' by Sophocles and '' Electra'' by Euripides. She is also the centra ...
, and Cassandra.


Set

Noguchi's set for ''Clytemnestra'' creates four main sites across the stage: a white throne on the left, gate-like stones on the right, golden ropes that hang in the middle, and Clytemnestra's bed which is added in the third act. Significant props for the piece include two spears that form an X shape and a red cloth that Clytemnestra carries. The spears move throughout the dance to mark the death places of both Agamemnon and Iphigenia. The red cloth doubles as both a wing-like garment for Clytemnestra and a red carpet for Agamemnon upon his return home.


References

{{reflist 1958 ballet premieres Ballets by Martha Graham Ballets set in ancient Greece