Clovis Hugues (November 3, 1851 – June 11, 1907) was a French poet, journalist, dramatist, novelist, and

socialist Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes the ...

activist. He wrote some of his works in Provençal and un 1898 was elected a of the

Félibrige The ''Félibrige'' (; in classical Occitan, in Mistralian spelling, ) is a literary and cultural association founded in 1854 by Frédéric Mistral and other Provençal writers to defend and promote the Occitan language (also called the ) and ...

, a society for the promotion of the

Occitan language Occitan (; oc, occitan, link=no ), also known as ''lenga d'òc'' (; french: langue d'oc) by its native speakers, and sometimes also referred to as ''Provençal'', is a Romance language spoken in Southern France, Monaco, Italy's Occitan Vall ...

and culture.

Life

Born in

Ménerbes Ménerbes (; oc, Menèrba) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of Southeastern France. The walled village on a hilltop in the Luberon mountains, foothills of the French Alps, constitutes the main s ...

(

Vaucluse Vaucluse (; oc, Vauclusa, label= Provençal or ) is a department in the southeastern French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. It had a population of 561,469 as of 2019.Carpentras Carpentras (, formerly ; Provençal Occitan: ''Carpentràs'' in classical norm or ''Carpentras'' in Mistralian norm; la, Carpentoracte) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France. ...

, but did not take orders. For some articles favorable to the

Paris Commune The Paris Commune (french: Commune de Paris, ) was a revolutionary government that seized power in Paris, the capital of France, from 18 March to 28 May 1871. During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71, the French National Guard had defended ...

, published in the local papers of

Marseille Marseille ( , , ; also spelled in English as Marseilles; oc, Marselha ) is the prefecture of the French department of Bouches-du-Rhône and capital of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. Situated in the camargue region of southern Fra ...

, he was condemned in 1871 to three years' imprisonment and a fine of 6,000

francs The franc is any of various units of currency. One franc is typically divided into 100 centimes. The name is said to derive from the Latin inscription ''francorum rex'' (King of the Franks) used on early French coins and until the 18th centu ...

. In 1877 he married the sculptor Jeanne Royannez (1851-1907). In 1877 he fought a duel in which he killed his adversary, a rival journalist. Elected deputy by Marseille in the general elections of 1881, he was at that time the sole representative of the

French Workers' Party The French Workers' Party (french: Parti Ouvrier Français, POF) was the French socialist party created in 1880 by Jules Guesde and Paul Lafargue, Karl Marx's son-in-law (famous for having written '' The Right to Be Lazy'', which criticized work ...

in the chambers. He was re-elected in 1885, and in 1893 became one of the deputies for

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...

, retaining his seat until 1906. He died in Paris. His poems, novels and comedies are full of wit and exuberant vitality.

Works

Poetry

*''Poèmes de prison'' (1875), written during his detention *''Soirs de bataille'' (1883) *''Jours de combat'' (1883) *''Le Travail'' (1889)

Novels

*''Madame Phaëton'' (1885) *''Monsieur le gendarme'' (1891)

Dramas

*''Une Étoile'' (1888) *''Le sommeil de Danton'' (1888)

References

* *Jean-Claude Izzo, ''Clovis Hugues, un rouge du Midi'', Éditions Jeanne Laffitte, 1978, 2001. *Gustave Kahn, ''Clovis Hugues'', H. Fabre,

, 1910.

External links

*
Full bibliography
(in Provençal).
''Ode au vagin'' - a 1901 erotic poem by Clovis Hughes
an 1884 poem by

Théodore de Banville Théodore Faullain de Banville (14 March 1823 – 13 March 1891) was a French poet and writer. His work was influential on the Symbolist movement in French literature in the late 19th century. Biography Banville was born in Moulins in Allier, A ...

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hugues, Clovis 1851 births 1907 deaths People from Vaucluse Politicians from Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur French Workers' Party politicians Members of the 3rd Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 4th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 7th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 8th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic 19th-century French journalists French male journalists 19th-century French novelists 20th-century French novelists Occitan poets French male poets French male novelists 19th-century poets 19th-century French dramatists and playwrights 19th-century French male writers 20th-century French male writers