The ''Clocker'' was a passenger train service between Philadelphia and New York City on the
Northeast Corridor
The Northeast Corridor (NEC) is an electrified railroad line in the Northeast megalopolis of the United States. Owned primarily by Amtrak, it runs from Boston through Providence, New Haven, Stamford, New York City, Philadelphia, Wilmington, ...
at first by the
Pennsylvania Railroad
The Pennsylvania Railroad (reporting mark PRR), legal name The Pennsylvania Railroad Company also known as the "Pennsy", was an American Class I railroad that was established in 1846 and headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was named ...
and later by
Amtrak
The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, doing business as Amtrak () , is the national passenger railroad company of the United States. It operates inter-city rail service in 46 of the 48 contiguous U.S. States and nine cities in Canada. ...
. The service was nicknamed the ''Clocker'' by riders as trains were scheduled to leave each terminal at the top of the hour. The name was eventually adopted into official use by Amtrak in 1981. The service was briefly renamed ''Acela Commuter'' in 1999 before the name reverted to ''Clocker'' in 2003. Amtrak discontinued the service on October 28, 2005, and it was partially replaced by
New Jersey Transit
New Jersey Transit Corporation, branded as NJ Transit, and often shortened to NJT, is a state-owned public transportation system that serves the U.S. state of New Jersey, along with portions of New York State and Pennsylvania. It operates bu ...
express trains between
Trenton, NJ
Trenton is the capital city of the U.S. state of New Jersey and the county seat of Mercer County. It was the capital of the United States from November 1 to December 24, 1784.Pennsylvania Railroad
The Pennsylvania Railroad (reporting mark PRR), legal name The Pennsylvania Railroad Company also known as the "Pennsy", was an American Class I railroad that was established in 1846 and headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was named ...
express train service between New York and Broad Street Station in Philadelphia;; 15 the name was unofficial, and PRR timetables didn't use it. Soon after
New York Penn Station
Pennsylvania Station, also known as New York Penn Station or simply Penn Station, is the main intercity railroad station in New York City and the busiest transportation facility in the Western Hemisphere, serving more than 600,000 passengers ...
opened in 1910, the express trains began departing New York and Philadelphia
on the hour
''On the Hour'' was a British radio programme that parodied current affairs broadcasting, broadcast on BBC Radio 4 between 1991 and 1992. Written by Chris Morris, Armando Iannucci, Steven Wells, Andrew Glover, Stewart Lee, Richard Herring a ...
through the day, giving rise to the Clocker name (which the railroad itself seems never to have used). Until the
electrification
Electrification is the process of powering by electricity and, in many contexts, the introduction of such power by changing over from an earlier power source.
The broad meaning of the term, such as in the history of technology, economic histo ...
of the Northeast Corridor in 1933, most ''Clockers'' were scheduled to both leave and arrive on each hour, but faster schedules after electrification eliminated the on the hour arrival.
Gradually, the Pennsylvania Railroad cut back on the schedule, and by the time Amtrak took over the nation's passenger rail service on May 1, 1971, the ''Clocker'' service no longer ran hourly.
Amtrak
At the launch of Amtrak, the railroad assigned each run an individual name (listed in the table below). Starting with the October 1981 timetable, Amtrak officially adopted the ''Clocker'' name for the service. The trains were unreserved, coach class only, and Amtrak targeted the ''Clocker'' service at commuters travelling to local stops bypassed by the high-speed ''Metroliner'' trains, the ''
Regional
In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as zones, lands or territories, are areas that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and the interaction of humanity and t ...
'' trains, and other named long-distance trains.
During the 1990s,
NJ Transit
New Jersey Transit Corporation, branded as NJ Transit, and often shortened to NJT, is a state-owned public transportation system that serves the U.S. state of New Jersey, along with portions of New York State and Pennsylvania. It operates bu ...
started contracting with Amtrak to accept their monthly passes on the ''Clocker'' trains. These two decisions drastically shifted the clientele on the trains. Passholders from New Jersey preferred the ''Clocker'' trains over the NJ Transit trains because they were faster and more comfortable, meanwhile, Amtrak's passengers avoided the ''Clocker'' trains because they were slower and frequently crowded. Also, the pass holder program meant that few passengers traveled to or from Philadelphia.
Until 2002, the 7:59 AM ''Clocker'' from Princeton Junction included a private club car known as Club 200 that members paid up to $1,200 per year to join (). This was the last private club car used in regular commuter service on the Northeast Corridor.
When the ''Acela Express'' was introduced in 1999, Amtrak launched what it called the Capstone Program, a short-lived plan to re-brand the ''
NortheastDirect
The ''Northeast Regional'' is an intercity rail service operated by Amtrak in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic United States. In the past it has been known as the ''NortheastDirect'', ''Acela Regional'', or ''Regional''. It is Amtrak's busies ...
'', ''
Keystone Service
Amtrak's ''Keystone Service'' provides frequent regional rail, regional passenger train service between the Harrisburg Transportation Center in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and 30th Street Station in Philadelphia, running along the Philadelphia to ...
'' and ''
Empire Service
The ''Empire Service'' is an Inter-city rail service operated by Amtrak within the state of New York in the United States. The brand name originated with the New York Central Railroad in 1967. Trains on the line provide frequent daily service ...
'' trains as ''Acela Regional'' and the ''Clocker'' trains as ''Acela Commuter''. Following mass rider confusion between this service and the high-speed
Acela Express
The ''Acela'' ( ; originally the ''Acela Express'' until September 2019) is Amtrak's flagship service along the Northeast Corridor (NEC) in the Northeastern United States between Washington, D.C. and Boston via 13 intermediate stops, includ ...
service, the name reverted to ''Clocker'' in 2003.
By the early 2000s, NJ Transit was paying $6 million per year to compensate Amtrak for passholders riding Clocker trains, and was loaning Amtrak its new
ALP-46
The Bombardier ALP-46 is an electric locomotive built in Germany by Bombardier Transportation, Bombardier between 2001 and 2002 for use in the United States. It is derived from the German DBAG Class 101, Class 101. New Jersey Transit (NJT) is the ...
locomotives to haul the trains'
Amfleet
Amfleet is a fleet of single-level intercity railroad passenger cars built by the Budd Company for American company Amtrak in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Budd based the Amfleet design on its earlier Metroliner electric multiple unit. An in ...
coaches.
On October 28, 2005, Amtrak discontinued the ''Clocker'' service altogether and sold the Northeast Corridor operating slots to NJ Transit which used them to partially replace the service with
Northeast Corridor Line
The Northeast Corridor Line is a commuter rail service operated by NJ Transit between the Trenton Transit Center and New York Penn Station on Amtrak's Northeast Corridor in the United States. The service is the successor to Pennsylvania Railroad ...