The
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
Clio is a
taxonomic
Taxonomy is the practice and science of categorization or classification.
A taxonomy (or taxonomical classification) is a scheme of classification, especially a hierarchical classification, in which things are organized into groups or types. ...
group of small floating
sea snail
Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...
s,
pelagic
The pelagic zone consists of the water column of the open ocean, and can be further divided into regions by depth (as illustrated on the right). The word ''pelagic'' is derived . The pelagic zone can be thought of as an imaginary cylinder or wa ...
marine
Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean.
Marine or marines may refer to:
Ocean
* Maritime (disambiguation)
* Marine art
* Marine biology
* Marine debris
* Marine habitats
* Marine life
* Marine pollution
Military
* ...
opisthobranch
Opisthobranchs () is now an informal name for a large and diverse group of specialized complex gastropods which used to be united in the subclass Opisthobranchia. That taxon is no longer considered to represent a monophyletic grouping.
Euopisth ...
gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...
mollusk
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...
s, the sole genus belonging to the family
Cliidae
The family Cliidae is a taxonomic group of small floating sea snails, pelagic marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks.Bouchet, P. (2011). Cliidae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=tax ...
[Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2012). Clio. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137751 on 2012-07-24]
All species in this genus are characterised by a bilaterally symmetric, straight or adapically dorso-ventrally slightly curved shell, with an elliptical to triangular transverse section; protoconch separated, globular or elliptical, frequently with a spine at the tip.
Subgenera are used for some species (e.g. ''Clio'' s.str., ''Balantium''
Bellardi, 1872, ''Bellardiclio''
Janssen, 2004), but most species still need to be assigned to one of these.
Numerous fossil species have been described.
Species
Recognised extant species are:
* ''
Clio andreae''
(Boas, 1886)
** Distribution : north Atlantic, bathypelagic species.
* ''
Clio antarctica''
Dall, 1908
* ''
Clio bartletti''
van der Spoel, 1978
** Distribution: central Atlantic (Pleistocene fossil).
* ''
Clio campylura''
(Tesch, 1948)
* ''
Clio chaptalii''
J. E. Gray
John Edward Gray, Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS (12 February 1800 – 7 March 1875) was a British zoology, zoologist. He was the elder brother of zoologist George Robert Gray and son of the pharmacologist and botanist Samuel Frederick Gray ...
, 1850
** Distribution : tropical, circumglobal.
* ''
Clio convexa convexa''
(Boas, 1886)
** Distribution: tropical, Indo-Pacific
* ''
Clio convexa cyphosa''
Rampal, 2002
** Distribution: Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.
* ''
Clio cuspidata''
( Bosc, 1802)
** Distribution : tropical/subtropical, circumglobal.
* † ''
Clio oblonga''
Rampal, 1996
* ''
Clio orthotheca''
(Tesch, 1904)
* ''
Clio piatkowskii''
van der Spoel, Schalk & Bleeker, 1992
** Distribution: Antarctic.
* ''
Clio polita''
Pelseneer, 1888
* ''
Clio pyramidata''
Linnaeus, 1767
** Distribution : north Atlantic
** Height : to over 20 mm.
Formae:
*** forma ''excisa''
van der Spoel, 1963
*** forma ''lanceolata''
Lesueur, 1813 (tropical/subtropical, circumglobal)
*** forma ''martensi''
(Pfeiffer, 1880) ??
*** forma ''sulcata''
(Pfeffer, 1879)
The true status of these formae has to be evaluated, they might be real formae, subspecies, or even species.
* ''
Clio recurva''
(Children, 1823)
** Distribution : tropical-subtropical, circumglobal (bathypelagic species)**
*** Height: to over 30 mm
* ''
Clio sulcata''
(Pfeffer, 1879)
;Species brought into synonymy:
* ''Clio australis'': synonym of ''Clione limacina australis''
(Bruguière, 1792)
* ''Clio borealis''
(Pallas, 1774): synonym of ''Clione limacina''
(Phipps, 1774)
* ''Clio helicina''
Phipps, 1774: synonym of
Limacina helicina (Phipps, 1774)
References
* Vaught, K.C. (1989). ''A classification of the living Mollusca''. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). . XII, 195 pp
* Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). ''European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification.'' Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
* Willan, R. (2009). ''Opisthobranchia (Mollusca).'' In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5059304
Cavolinioidea
Gastropod genera
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus