Clinantheae is a tribe (in the family

Amaryllidaceae The Amaryllidaceae are a family of herbaceous, mainly perennial and bulbous (rarely rhizomatous) flowering plants in the monocot order Asparagales. The family takes its name from the genus ''Amaryllis'' and is commonly known as the amaryllis fa ...

, subfamily

Amaryllidoideae Amaryllidoideae (Amaryllidaceae ''s.s.'', amaryllids) is a subfamily of monocot flowering plants in the family Amaryllidaceae, order Asparagales. The most recent APG classification, APG III, takes a broad view of the Amaryllidaceae, which then ...

), where it forms part of the Andean

clade A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ...

, one of two American clades. The tribe was described in 2000 by

Alan Meerow Alan W. Meerow is an American botanist, born in New York City in 1952. He specializes in the taxonomy of the family Amaryllidaceae and the horticulture of palms and tropical ornamental plants. He also works on the population genetics and molecu ...

''et al.'' as a result of a

molecular phylogenetic Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...

study of the American Amaryllidoideae. This demonstrated that the tribe

Stenomesseae Stenomesseae was a tribe (in the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae), where it forms part of the Andean clade, one of two American clades. The tribe was originally described by Traub in his monograph on the Amaryllidaceae in 1963, as ...

, including the type genus ''

Stenomesson ''Stenomesson'' is a genus of bulbous plants in the family Amaryllidaceae. All the species are native to western South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and northern Chile).Meerow, Alan W. 2000. Phylogeny of the American Amaryllidaceae based on nr ...

'' was polyphyletic. Part of the tribe segregated with the

Eucharideae ''Eucharideae'' is a tribe of plants within the family Amaryllidaceae. It was augmented in 2000 by Meerow ''et al.'' following a molecular phylogenetic study that revealed that many elements of the tribe Stenomesseae segregated with it, rathe ...

and were submerged into it, while the other part formed a unique subclade. Since the type species of ''Stenomesson'' was not part of the second sublclade it was necessary to form a new name for the remaining species together with the other genera that remained. This was ''

Clinanthus ''Clinanthus'' is a genus of bulbous plants in the family Amaryllidaceae, found in western South America, from Ecuador to north west Argentina. Species include: *'' Clinanthus callacallensis'' (Ravenna) Meerow *'' Clinanthus campodensis'' (Rav ...

'', the oldest name for these species, and consequently the tribe Clinantheae.

Taxonomy

Phylogeny

The placement of Clinantheae within subfamily Amaryllidoideae is shown in the following cladogram, where this tribe is shown as a

sister group In phylogenetics, a sister group or sister taxon, also called an adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree. Definition The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram: Taxon A and t ...

to the

Hymenocallideae Hymenocallideae is a tribe (in the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae), where it forms part of the Andean clade, one of two American clades. The tribe was originally recognised by both Meerow (1995) and the Muller-Doblies' (1996). ...

Subdivision

Four hreegenera (species): * ''

'' (20) Type * ''

Pamianthe ''Pamianthe'' is a genus of South American bulbous perennials in the Amaryllis family, subfamily Amaryllidoideae. They can be found in sandy, but rocky areas in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.Jørgensen, P. M., M. H. Nee & S. G. Beck. ...

'' (2) * ''

Paramongaia ''Paramongaia'' is a genus of South American plants in the Amaryllis family, found only in Peru and Bolivia.Octavio Velarde. 1949. Lilloa 17: 489. Common name is "giant Peruvian daffodil." There are two recognized species: *'' Paramongaia s ...

'' (1) * 'Pucara'' (1) ''Pucara'' as ''Pucara leucantha'' was later shown to be indistinguishable from ''Stenomesson,'' and was transferred as ''

Stenomesson leucanthum ''Stenomesson leucanthum'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaryllidaceae. It is native to Peru. Pierfelice Ravenna the Chilean botanists who first formally described the species, using the basionym ''Pucara leucantha'', named it ...

Taxonomy

Phylogeny

Subdivision

References

Bibliography

External links