''Clerodendrum phlomidis'' is a species of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...
in the family
Lamiaceae
The Lamiaceae ( )
or Labiatae are a family of flowering plants commonly known as the mint, deadnettle or sage family. Many of the plants are aromatic in all parts and include widely used culinary herbs like basil, mint, rosemary, sage, savory ...
. The plant has been used in
Ayurvedic medicine
Ayurveda () is an alternative medicine system with historical roots in the Indian subcontinent. The theory and practice of Ayurveda is pseudoscientific. Ayurveda is heavily practiced in India and Nepal, where around 80% of the population repor ...
, and some Ayurvedic sources refer to it by the synonym ''Clerodendrum multiflorum''.
In
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
, the plant is known as Arni. It is a large
shrub
A shrub (often also called a bush) is a small-to-medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees ...
common in India and
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங்கை, Ilaṅkai, translit-std=ISO ()), formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an ...
. ''
Clerodendrum myricoides'' from the same family is found in
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...
and India.
Names
*Sanskrit name: Agnimantha, Jaya, Sriparni, Ganikarika, Jayanthi, Tarkari, Nadeyi, Vai jayanthi
*Hindi name: Urni, Arna, Aarni
*Malayalam name: Munja
Description
This herb belongs to family
Verbenaceae
The Verbenaceae ( ), the verbena family or vervain family, is a family of mainly tropical flowering plants. It contains trees, shrubs, and herbs notable for heads, spikes, or clusters of small flowers, many of which have an aromatic smell.
The ...
/Lamiaceae. Leaves are
ovate
Ovate may refer to:
*Ovate (egg-shaped) leaves, tepals, or other botanical parts
*Ovate, a type of prehistoric stone hand axe
*Ovates, one of three ranks of membership in the Welsh Gorsedd
*Vates
In modern English, the nouns vates () and ovat ...
, opposite,
deltoid Deltoid (delta-shaped) can refer to:
* The deltoid muscle, a muscle in the shoulder
* Kite (geometry), also known as a deltoid, a type of quadrilateral
* A deltoid curve, a three-cusped hypocycloid
* A leaf shape
* The deltoid tuberosity, a part of ...
, hairy from below and wavy. The flowers are in small rounded terminal
panicle
A panicle is a much-branched inflorescence. (softcover ). Some authors distinguish it from a compound spike inflorescence, by requiring that the flowers (and fruit) be pedicellate (having a single stem per flower). The branches of a panicle are of ...
. The flowers bloom in August to February.
Flowers are white or pinkish and are very fragrant.
Usage
According to Indian ancient system of medicine
Ayurveda
Ayurveda () is an alternative medicine system with historical roots in the Indian subcontinent. The theory and practice of Ayurveda is pseudoscientific. Ayurveda is heavily practiced in India and Nepal, where around 80% of the population repo ...
,
Dash Mool a very powerful combination of ten different roots to improve body vigor and maintain good health contains ''Clerodendrum phlomidis'' (Arni) Root.
[Anonymous.: The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India Government of India. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dept. of ISM and Homeopathy, New Delhi
Part 1, Vol. III, 1st Edn. (2001).] The pulp obtained from the crushing of the leaves is applied externally on
swelling.
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5131947
phlomidis
Flora of the Indian subcontinent
Flora of Java
Medicinal plants of Asia
Plants described in 1782