Claudio Martelli (born 24 September 1943) is an Italian politician. He was the right-hand man of

Bettino Craxi Benedetto "Bettino" Craxi ( , , ; 24 February 1934 – 19 January 2000) was an Italian politician, leader of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) from 1976 to 1993, and the 45th prime minister of Italy from 1983 to 1987. He was the first PSI membe ...

, the socialist Prime Minister from 1983–1987.

Biography

Martelli was born at

Gessate Gessate ( lmo, Gessaa ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about northeast of Milan. Gessate borders the following municipalities: Cambiago, Masate, Pessano con Bornago, Inz ...

, in the

province of Milan The Province of Milan ( it, Provincia di Milano) was a province in the Lombardy region, Italy. Its capital was the city of Milan. The area of the former province is highly urbanized, with more than 2,000 inhabitants/km2, the third highest populati ...

. He graduated in

Philosophy Philosophy (from , ) is the systematized study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind, and language. Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved. Some ...

and joined the

Italian Socialist Party The Italian Socialist Party (, PSI) was a socialist and later social-democratic political party in Italy, whose history stretched for longer than a century, making it one of the longest-living parties of the country. Founded in Genoa in 1892, ...

in 1966. In 1976, he was called by the leader of the party, Bettino Craxi, to continue his career in

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

. He was elected to the

Italian Parliament The Italian Parliament ( it, Parlamento italiano) is the national parliament of the Italian Republic. It is the representative body of Italian citizens and is the successor to the Parliament of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1943), the transitiona ...

in 1979 and became vice-leader (with

Valdo Spini Valdo Spini (born 20 January 1946 in Florence) is an Italian politician and author. A long-time member of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), in 1994 he founded the Labour Federation (FL), of which he was leader until 1998, when FL merged into ...

) of the party in 1981. He was also elected for the PSI at the

European Parliament The European Parliament (EP) is one of the legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven institutions. Together with the Council of the European Union (known as the Council and informally as the Council of Ministers), it adopts ...

in 1984. In 1989, he was nominated as vice- President of the Council and in 1991 became

Minister for Justice A Ministry of Justice is a common type of government department that serves as a justice ministry. Lists of current ministries of justice Named "Ministry" * Ministry of Justice (Abkhazia) * Ministry of Justice (Afghanistan) * Ministry of Just ...

in both of the

government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a ...

s of

Giulio Andreotti Giulio Andreotti ( , ; 14 January 1919 – 6 May 2013) was an Italian politician and statesman who served as the 41st prime minister of Italy in seven governments (1972–1973, 1976–1979, and 1989–1992) and leader of the Christian Democra ...

(1989–1992). In 1990, the Italian Immigration law known as the Martelli Law was passed in parliament. During

Tangentopoli ''Mani pulite'' (; Italian for "clean hands") was a nationwide judicial investigation into political corruption in Italy held in the early 1990s, resulting in the demise of the so-called " First Republic" and the disappearance of many Italian ...

, he ran for the party leadership after the resignation of Bettino Craxi, after Craxi was accused of corruption. However, his candidacy was blown off by his involvement in the 7

million One million (1,000,000), or one thousand thousand, is the natural number following 999,999 and preceding 1,000,001. The word is derived from the early Italian ''millione'' (''milione'' in modern Italian), from ''mille'', "thousand", plus the au ...

dollar bribe in 1980 and resigned as Minister of Justice.Italian minister falls victim to corruption
The Independent, February 11, 1993 He exited the political world to deal with his judicial cases. In 1997, after concluding his legal battles, he founded ''

Mondoperaio ''Mondoperaio'' is an Italian cultural-political journal that is based in Rome, Italy. The magazine has a socialist stance. History and Overview The magazine began on 4 December 1948 as ''Mondo Operaio'', on the initiative of the former Italian ...

'' (former magazine of the PSI). In the same year he was elected to the

for the Italian Social Democrats. However, in 2000, he left the SDI and joined the Socialist Party – New PSI. He became spokesman for the party but was not elected to the Italian Parliament in 2001 and left the party in 2005. In 2005, for second time, he left the political spectrum and became a

presenter A presenter is a person or organization responsible for the running of a public event, or someone who conveys information on media via a broadcasting outlet. Presenter may refer to: People * News presenter, person who presents news during a new ...

of a

television Television, sometimes shortened to TV, is a telecommunication medium for transmitting moving images and sound. The term can refer to a television set, or the medium of television transmission. Television is a mass medium for advertisin ...

political program.

Judicial proceedings

In the Tangentopoli scandal, regarding the illicit financing of the Socialist Party, Martelli was sentenced to 8 months in prison in 2000, suspended on probation, after confessing, for having received ₤ 500 million in the case of the Enimont maxi-tangent. According to court documents,

Roberto Calvi Roberto Calvi (13 April 1920 – 17 June 1982) was an Italian banker, dubbed "God's Banker" () by the press because of his close association with the Holy See. He was a native of Milan and was chairman of Banco Ambrosiano, which collapsed in ...

paid bribes to Martelli during the

Banco Ambrosiano Banco Ambrosiano was an Italian bank that collapsed in 1982. At the centre of the bank's failure was its chairman, Roberto Calvi, and his membership in the illegal former Masonic Lodge Propaganda Due (aka P2). The Vatican-based Institute for the ...

affair; however in this case he was not convicted. His name was again brought to the attention of the judicial chronicles as part of the

State-Mafia Pact The term State-Mafia Pact (in Italian ''Trattativa Stato-Mafia'') defines the negotiation between important Italian functionaries and Cosa Nostra members, that began after the period of the 1992 and 1993 terror attacks by the Sicilian Mafia (or, ac ...

trial, when the ex

Cosa nostra The Sicilian Mafia, also simply known as the Mafia and frequently referred to as Cosa nostra (, ; "our thing") by its members, is an Italian Mafia-terrorist-type organized crime syndicate and criminal society originating in the region of Sicily a ...

killer, Francesco Onorato, told of the start of the strategy of the massacres prepared by

Totò Riina Salvatore Riina (; 16 November 1930 – 17 November 2017), called (, Totò being the diminutive of Salvatore), was an Italian mobster and chief of the Sicilian Mafia, known for a ruthless murder campaign that reached a peak in the early 1990s ...

after the sentence of the trial: "In the list of people to kill, as I learned from Salvatore Biondino, the ambassador of the commission, there were Lima, Andreotti and his son, the former ministers Mannino, Vizzini, but also Martelli. We were the ones who had Martelli elected as minister of Justice: in 1987 we had financed his electoral campaign with ₤ 200 million. And then Martelli kept his promises, because he gave to some members of the mafia the hospital arrests".^"Trattativa, il j'accuse del pentito Onorato "Dalla Chiesa ucciso per ordine di Andreotti-Craxi""
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References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Martelli, Claudio 1943 births Living people People from the Province of Milan Deputy Prime Ministers of Italy Italian Ministers of Justice Italian Socialist Party MEPs MEPs for Italy 1999–2004 MEPs for Italy 1984–1989 MEPs for Italy 1989–1994 New Italian Socialist Party politicians