Claude Ménard (; born 1944) is a

Canadian Canadians (french: Canadiens) are people identified with the country of Canada. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Canadians, many (or all) of these connections exist and are collectively the source of ...

economist An economist is a professional and practitioner in the social sciences, social science discipline of economics. The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy. Within this ...

and professor at the University of Paris I: Panthéon-Sorbonne. Ménard is also the creator and former director of the Centre d'analyse théorique des organisations et des marchés (ATOM), which merged with the Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne in 2009, as well as a co-founder of the Society for Institutional & Organizational Economics (formally the International Society for New Institutional Economics). His research focuses on

institutional Institutions are humanly devised structures of rules and norms that shape and constrain individual behavior. All definitions of institutions generally entail that there is a level of persistence and continuity. Laws, rules, social conventions a ...

and

organizational economics Organizational economics (also referred to as ''economics of organization'') involves the use of economic logic and methods to understand the existence, nature, design, and performance of organizations, especially managed ones. Organizational eco ...

Youth and Education

Claude Ménard was born in

Valleyfield, Quebec Salaberry-de-Valleyfield is a city in southwestern Quebec, Canada, in the Regional County Municipality of Beauharnois-Salaberry. The population as of 2019 was 42,410. Situated on Grande-Île, an island in the Saint Lawrence River, it is bordere ...

and grew up in Canada. He studied at the University of Montréal, where he obtained a

B.A. Bachelor of arts (BA or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts degree course is generally completed in three or four years ...

in 1963, a

M.A. A Master of Arts ( la, Magister Artium or ''Artium Magister''; abbreviated MA, M.A., AM, or A.M.) is the holder of a master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The degree is usually contrasted with that of Master of Science. Tho ...

in 1966, and a doctoral program diploma in the history of sciences in 1970. Thereafter, he moved to

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

, where he pursued his studies at the University of Paris I: Panthéon-Sorbonne and obtained

Ph.D. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: or ') is the most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is a ...

s in both the history of sciences and economics with the distinction "

magna cum laude Latin honors are a system of Latin phrases used in some colleges and universities to indicate the level of distinction with which an academic degree has been earned. The system is primarily used in the United States. It is also used in some So ...

" in 1974 and 1981, respectively.

Academic career

Following the completion of his postgraduate studies in Montréal, Claude Ménard worked from 1966 to 1974 as professor of

economic history Economic history is the academic learning of economies or economic events of the past. Research is conducted using a combination of historical methods, statistical methods and the application of economic theory to historical situations and ins ...

at the Collège Edouard Montpetit in Montréal, while in parallel doing research at the

Canadian Museum of History The Canadian Museum of History (french: Musée canadien de l’histoire) is a national museum on anthropology, Canadian history, cultural studies, and ethnology in Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. The purpose of the museum is to promote the heritage of C ...

(former "Museum of Man") in

Gatineau, Quebec Gatineau ( ; ) is a city in western Quebec, Canada. It is located on the northern bank of the Ottawa River, immediately across from Ottawa, Ontario. Gatineau is the largest city in the Outaouais administrative region and is part of Canada's N ...

. He then moved to Europe in 1974 when he accepted a research position at the

University of Utrecht Utrecht University (UU; nl, Universiteit Utrecht, formerly ''Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht'') is a public research university in Utrecht, Netherlands. Established , it is one of the oldest universities in the Netherlands. In 2018, it had an enrollme ...

, which he quit in 1978 to become

associate professor Associate professor is an academic title with two principal meanings: in the North American system and that of the ''Commonwealth system''. Overview In the ''North American system'', used in the United States and many other countries, it is a ...

of economics at the University of Paris I: Panthéon-Sorbonne. He then left Panthéon-Sorbonne after obtaining his Ph.D. in economics to become a

full professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an academic rank at universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a "person who professes". Professors ...

of economics at the

University of Dijon A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, th ...

in 1981, but returned to Panthéon-Sorbonne as a professor of economics in 1983, a position he still holds to this day. Moreover, Ménard has been an international associate of the Institute of Water Policy of the

National University of Singapore The National University of Singapore (NUS) is a national public research university in Singapore. Founded in 1905 as the Straits Settlements and Federated Malay States Government Medical School, NUS is the oldest autonomous university in the c ...

since 2009 and a senior research fellow at the

TU Delft Delft University of Technology ( nl, Technische Universiteit Delft), also known as TU Delft, is the oldest and largest Dutch public technical university, located in Delft, Netherlands. As of 2022 it is ranked by QS World University Rankings among ...

since

In 1991 Ménard founded the Centre d'analyse théorique des organisations et des marchés (ATOM) at the Sorbonne and directed it until its merger with the Centre d'Économie de la Sorbonne in 2009. In the past he has also worked as senior researcher at the

CNRS The French National Centre for Scientific Research (french: link=no, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, CNRS) is the French state research organisation and is the largest fundamental science agency in Europe. In 2016, it employed 31,637 ...

(1998-2000) and has held numerous visiting positions at universities around the world, e.g. the

University of California, Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public land-grant research university in Berkeley, California. Established in 1868 as the University of California, it is the state's first land-grant u ...

(1991-1992), the

National University of Colombia The National University of Colombia () is a national public research university in Colombia, with general campuses in Bogotá, Medellín, Manizales and Palmira, and satellite campuses in Leticia, San Andrés, Arauca, Tumaco, and La Paz, Ces ...

(1996),

Erasmus University Rotterdam Erasmus University Rotterdam (abbreviated as ''EUR'', nl, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam ) is a public research university located in Rotterdam, Netherlands. The university is named after Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus, a 15th-century humanist ...

(2002) or the

Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Established in 1861, MIT has played a key role in the development of modern technology and science, and is one of the ...

(2004).

Personal life

Claude Ménard has two daughters and is passionate about

cross-country skiing Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing where skiers rely on their own locomotion to move across snow-covered terrain, rather than using ski lifts or other forms of assistance. Cross-country skiing is widely practiced as a sport and recreation ...

and

canoeing Canoeing is an activity which involves paddling a canoe with a single-bladed paddle. Common meanings of the term are limited to when the canoeing is the central purpose of the activity. Broader meanings include when it is combined with other acti ...

.Claude Ménard's homepage
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Bibliography

* Claude Ménard: ''La Formation d'une rationalité économique''. Paris: Flammarion, 1978. * Claude Ménard: ''L'économie des organisations''. Paris: La Découverte, 1990. ** Claude Ménard: ''L'économie des organisations''. Paris: La Découverte, 2004 (2nd ed.). ** Claude Ménard: ''L'économie des organisations''. Paris: La Découverte, 2012 (3rd ed.). * Claude Ménard (ed.): ''Transaction Cost Economics: Recent Developments''. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Co., 1997. * Claude Ménard (ed.): ''Institutions, Contracts and Organizations. Perspectives from New Institutional Economics''. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Co., 2000. * V.E. Brusilovsky, L.E. Grigoriev, A.E. Shastitko: ''Problems of Price and Tarif Regulation of Natural Monopoly Services: The Case of Federal Airports''. Moscow: Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2001. * M. Ghertman, Claude Ménard: ''Regulation, Deregulation, Reregulation''. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Co., 2009. * Bernard Abeillé, Christine Leon de Mariz, Claude Ménard: ''Public Procurement Reforms in Africa. Challenges in Institutions and Governance''. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press, 2014. * Claude Ménard: ''The Economics of Organization''. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press, forthcoming.

References

External links

Claude Ménard's homepage
{{DEFAULTSORT:Menard, Claude 20th-century Canadian economists 21st-century Canadian economists New institutional economists University of Paris faculty University of Paris alumni Université de Montréal alumni 1944 births Living people