Claude Carlier
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Claude Carlier (7 September 1725 – 25 April 1787), called the Abbé Carlier, was a French religious, historian and
agronomist An agriculturist, agriculturalist, agrologist, or agronomist (abbreviated as agr.), is a professional in the science, practice, and management of agriculture and agribusiness. It is a regulated profession in Canada, India, the Philippines, the ...
. He was the
prior Prior (or prioress) is an ecclesiastical title for a superior in some religious orders. The word is derived from the Latin for "earlier" or "first". Its earlier generic usage referred to any monastic superior. In abbeys, a prior would be l ...
of
Andrésy Andrésy () is a commune in the Yvelines department in north-central France. Population Twin towns – sister cities Andrésy is twinned with: * Haren, Germany * Międzyrzecz, Poland * Oundle, England, United Kingdom * Westerwolde, Netherl ...
and '' prévôt royal'' (royal provost) of the '' châtellenie'' (castellany) of
Verberie Verberie () is a commune in the Oise department in northern France. It lies southwest of Compiègne on the main road to Senlis and Paris. The railway station is on the line from Compiègne to Crépy-en-Valois. The inhabitants are known as ''Sa ...
, where he was born and died. Carlier came to public notice when he participated in a contest held by the and sponsored by the
intendant of finances An intendant (; pt, intendente ; es, intendente ) was, and sometimes still is, a public official, especially in France, Spain, Portugal, and Latin America. The intendancy system was a centralizing administrative system developed in France. In ...
Daniel-Charles Trudaine Daniel-Charles Trudaine (3 January 1703 – 19 January 1769) was a French administrator and civil engineer. Trudaine was one of the primary developers of the present French road system. He is also known for the monumental ''Atlas de Trudaine'' ( ...
between 1752 and 1754. The contest asked whether France could do without foreign wool, and how French wool production could be improved in both quality and quantity. Carlier had a deep knowledge of sheep breeding, the fleece trade and the different kinds of wool produced by different sheep breeds. He won the contest with an essay arguing that Spanish and English breeds produced better wool. A few years later, the
controller-general of finances The Controller-General or Comptroller-General of Finances (french: Contrôleur général des finances) was the name of the minister in charge of finances in France from 1661 to 1791. It replaced the former position of Superintendent of Finances (''S ...
,
Henri Bertin Henri Léonard Jean Baptiste Bertin (born 24 March 1720, Périgueux; died 16 September 1792, Spa, Belgium) was a French statesman, and controller general of finances of Louis XV (1759–1763). Biography In 1741, he was a lawyer in Bordeaux, and ...
, hired Carlier as a consultant-propagandist tasked with promoting new breeds of sheep and new shepherding practices.Jeremy L. Caradonna, ''The Enlightenment in Practice: Academic Prize Contests and Intellectual Culture in France, 1670–1794'' (Cornell University Press, 2012), pp. 192–93. In 1762, Carlier published ''Considerations on the Means of Re-establishing in France Good Species of Wool Sheep'' and Bertin distributed copies to agricultural societies throughout France. In 1763, when Bertin turned his attention to Flemish sheep, Carlier produced a book on the subject, ''Instruction in the Manner of Raising and Perfecting the Good Species of Wool Sheep in Flanders''. This book was highly influential in the subsequent adoption of Flemish breeds throughout France. Carlier was then tasked with producing a questionnaire to be sent to all the regions of France on breeding practices. This elicited over 300 responses. Carlier himself synthesised the data in a two-volume publication in 1770, ''Treaty on Wool Sheep, or a Method of Raising and Perfecting the Herds in the Fields and the Sheepfold, a Practical Work''. Carlier wrote an important history of the
County A county is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposesChambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations. The term is derived from the Old French ...
and
Duchy of Valois The Valois ( , also , ; originally ''Pagus Valensis'') was a region in the valley of the Oise river in Picardy in the north of France. It was a fief in West Francia and subsequently the Kingdom of France until its counts furnished a line of king ...
.


Bibliography

*''Dissertation sur l'état du commerce en France, sous les rois de la première et de la seconde race, qui a remporté le prix au jugement de l'Académie d'Amiens en 1752'' (Amiens: Veuve Godart, 1753) *''Dissertation sur l'étendue du Belgium et sur l'ancienne Picardie, qui a remporté le prix au jugement de l'Académie d'Amiens'' (Amiens: Veuve Godart, 1753) *''Mémoire sur les laines, qui a remporté le prix au jugement de l'Académie d'Amiens en 1754, en l'année 1754 par Monsieur de Blancheville'' (Amiens: Veuve Godart, 1755) *''Considérations sur les moyens de rétablir en France les bonnes espèces de bêtes à laine'' (Paris: Guillyn, 1762) *''Journal historique du voyage fait au cap de Bonne-Espérance, par feu M. l'abbé de La Caille, précédé d'un Discours sur la vie de l'auteur, suivi de remarques sur les coutumes des Hottentots et des habitans du Cap'' (Paris: Guillyn, 1763) *''Instruction sur la manière d'élever et de perfectionner la bonne espèce des bêtes à laine en Flandre'' (Paris: Guillyn, 1763) *''Histoire du duché de Valois : ornée de cartes et de gravures : contenant ce qui est arrivé dans ce pays depuis le temps des gaulois, et depuis l'origine de la monarchie françoise, jusqu'en l'année 1703'', 3 vols. (Paris: Guillyn, 1764) *''Traité des bêtes à laine, ou Méthode d'élever et de perfectionner les troupeaux aux champs et à la bergerie, ouvrage pratique'', 2 vols. (Paris: Vallat la Chapelle, 1770) *''Examen du sentiment de M. Roland de la Platière sur les troupeaux, sur les laines et sur les manufactures'' (Paris: Buisson, 1787)


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carlier, Claude 1725 births 1787 deaths French abbots French agronomists