Claude de Lorraine (5 June 1578 – 24 January 1657), also called ''Claude de Guise'', was a French noble and husband of
Marie de Rohan
Marie Aimée de Rohan (December 1600 – 12 August 1679) was a French courtier and political activist, famed for being the center of many of the intrigues of the first half of the 17th century in France. In various sources, she is often known ...
. He was the
Duke of Chevreuse Duke of Chevreuse ( French ''Duc de Chevreuse'') was a French title of nobility, elevated from the barony of Chevreuse in 1545. Originally created for Jean de Brosse, Duc d'Étampes, it was transferred in 1555 to Charles of Guise, the Cardinal of L ...
, a title which is today used by the
Duke of Luynes The Duke of Luynes (french: duc de Luynes ) is a territorial name belonging to the noble French house d'Albert. Luynes is, today, a commune of the Indre-et-Loire ''département'' in France. The family of Albert, which sprang from Thomas Alberti ( ...
.
Biography
He was the third son of
Henry I, Duke of Guise
Henry I, Prince of Joinville, Duke of Guise, Count of Eu (31 December 1550 – 23 December 1588), sometimes called ('Scarface'), was the eldest son of Francis, Duke of Guise, and Anna d'Este. His maternal grandparents were Ercole II d'Este, Du ...
and
Catherine de Clèves
Catherine of Cleves (or of Nevers), Countess of Eu (1548 – 11 May 1633) was the wife of Henry I, Duke of Guise and the matriarch of the powerful and influential House of Guise. By marriage, she was Duchess of Guise from 1570 to 1588, and D ...
.
Prince of Joinville, he is made
Duke of Chevreuse Duke of Chevreuse ( French ''Duc de Chevreuse'') was a French title of nobility, elevated from the barony of Chevreuse in 1545. Originally created for Jean de Brosse, Duc d'Étampes, it was transferred in 1555 to Charles of Guise, the Cardinal of L ...
and
peer of France
The Peerage of France (french: Pairie de France) was a hereditary distinction within the French nobility which appeared in 1180 in the Middle Ages.
The prestigious title and position of Peer of France (french: Pair de France, links=no) was ...
by
Louis XIII
Louis XIII (; sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown ...
in 1611,
Grand Chamberlain of France
The Grand Chamberlain of France (french: Grand Chambellan de France) was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France, a member of the ''Maison du Roi'' ("King's Household"), and one of the Great Offices of the Maison du Roi during the Anci ...
in 1621 and
Grand Falconer of France
The Grand Falconer of France (french: Grand Fauconnier de France) was a position in the King's Household in France from the Middle Ages to the French Revolution.
History
The position first appeared in 1250 as "Master Falconer of the King" (''Ma ...
in 1622.
According to
Agnes Strickland he stood as proxy for
Charles I of England
Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until Execution of Charles I, his execution in 1649. He was born into the House of Stuart as the second son of King James VI of ...
in his marriage at Notre Dame to Henrietta Maria on 1 May 1625: in the same year Charles I made him a Knight in the
Order of the Garter
The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry founded by Edward III of England in 1348. It is the most senior order of knighthood in the British honours system, outranked in precedence only by the Victoria Cross and the George C ...
.
Marriage and issue
In 1622, he married Princess
Marie de Rohan
Marie Aimée de Rohan (December 1600 – 12 August 1679) was a French courtier and political activist, famed for being the center of many of the intrigues of the first half of the 17th century in France. In various sources, she is often known ...
, who was 22 years younger than himself.
They had 3 daughters:
* Anne Marie de Lorraine (1624–1652), abbesse of Pont-aux-Dames.
* Charlotte Marie de Lorraine (1627–1652), Mademoiselle de Chevreuse, lover of
Jean François Paul de Gondi, cardinal de Retz
Jean may refer to:
People
* Jean (female given name)
* Jean (male given name)
* Jean (surname)
Fictional characters
* Jean Grey, a Marvel Comics character
* Jean Valjean, fictional character in novel ''Les Misérables'' and its adaptations
* Jea ...
.
* Henriette de Lorraine (1631–1693), abbesse of Jouarre.
He lived with his family in the
Château de Dampierre
The Château de Dampierre is a castle in Dampierre-en-Yvelines, in the ''Vallée de Chevreuse'', France.
Built by Jules Hardouin-Mansart in 1675–1683 for the duc de Chevreuse, Colbert's son-in-law, it is a French Baroque château of medium ...
, near
Chevreuse
Chevreuse () is a commune in the French department of Yvelines, administrative region of Île-de-France, north-central France.
Geography
Chevreuse is located south of Paris, in the middle of a regional natural park, Parc naturel régional de l ...
.
He commissioned the royal architect,
Clément Métezeau
Clement or Clément may refer to:
People
* Clement (name), a given name and surname
* Saint Clement (disambiguation)#People
Places
* Clément, French Guiana, a town
* Clement, Missouri, U.S.
* Clement Township, Michigan, U.S.
Other uses
* ...
, to design a Parisian townhouse, the
Hôtel de Chevreuse
The former Hôtel de Chevreuse (later known as the Hôtel de Luynes) was a Parisian '' hôtel particulier'' located at 33 Rue Saint-Dominique (on a site that now includes part of the Boulevard Saint-Germain), just south of the Église Saint-Tho ...
, constructed 1622–1623 on the Rue Saint-Thomas-du-Louvre on a site now part of the
Cour Napoléon of the
Louvre
The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is the world's most-visited museum, and an historic landmark in Paris, France. It is the home of some of the best-known works of art, including the ''Mona Lisa'' and the ''Venus de Milo''. A central l ...
.
[Alexandre Gady (2008), "Chevreuse (hôtel de), rue Saint-Thomas-du-Louvre", p. 309, in ''Les Hôtels particuliers de Paris du Moyen Âge à la Belle Époque''. Paris: Parigramme. .]
Living an inconspicuous life, Claude succeeded in distancing himself from his wife's plotting (as a favorite of Queen
Anne of Austria
Anne of Austria (french: Anne d'Autriche, italic=no, es, Ana María Mauricia, italic=no; 22 September 1601 – 20 January 1666) was an infanta of Spain who became Queen of France as the wife of King Louis XIII from their marriage in 1615 unti ...
she was involved in many political intrigues at the court of King
Louis XIII of France
Louis XIII (; sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown ...
).
He died without a male heir in 1657.
References
House of Guise
House of Lorraine
Princes of Joinville
Princes of Lorraine
Chevreuse, Claude de Lorraine duc de
Chevreuse, Claude de Lorraine duc de
Chevreuse, Claude de Lorraine duc de
Dukes of Chevreuse
Peers created by Louis XIII
French hunters
{{KingdomofFrance-stub