''Clanculus dunkeri'', common name Dunker's clanculus, is a
species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...
of
sea snail
Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...
, a
marine
Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean.
Marine or marines may refer to:
Ocean
* Maritime (disambiguation)
* Marine art
* Marine biology
* Marine debris
* Marine habitats
* Marine life
* Marine pollution
Military
* ...
gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...
mollusk
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...
in the
family
Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...
Trochidae
The Trochidae, common name top-snails or top-shells, are a family of various sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass Vetigastropoda. This family is commonly known as the top-snails because in many species the shell resembles ...
, the top snails.
[Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus dunkeri'' (Koch in Philippi, 1843). Accessed through: ]World Register of Marine Species
The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive list of names of marine organisms.
Content
The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scientific specialist ...
at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=594193 on 2012-11-23
Description
The height of the shell attains 9 mm, its diameter varies between 11 mm and 13 mm. The thick, solid, imperforate shell has a little hollow or depression at the place of the
umbilicus. It is orbicularly conoid or subdepressed with 5
whorl
A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs).
Whorls in nature
File:Photograph and axial plane floral ...
s. The first whorl is whitish, often eroded, the last brownish, purplish or red, obliquely striated, and ornamented with spiral granulose lirae, 3 on the penultimate whorl, 8 or 9 on the
body whorl
The body whorl is part of the morphology of the shell in those gastropod mollusks that possess a coiled shell. The term is also sometimes used in a similar way to describe the shell of a cephalopod mollusk.
In gastropods
In gastropods, the b ...
, of which the first is composed of larger beads, and the fourth forms the periphery. The interstices are about as wide as the lirae. The body whorl is somewhat gibbous and descends toward the
aperture
In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane.
An opt ...
, which in adult specimens is somewhat contracted and subtrigonal. The outer
lip shows a few deeply entering lirae within, the upper one terminating in a small denticle. The short
columella is concave and smooth. It terminates in an acute narrow denticle, which is separated from a similar smaller tubercle on the base by a narrow notch.
H. Pilsbry, Manual of Conchology XI, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia
(described as ''Trochus dunkeri'')
Distribution
This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs in the subtidal zone
The neritic zone (or sublittoral zone) is the relatively shallow part of the ocean above the drop-off of the continental shelf, approximately in depth.
From the point of view of marine biology it forms a relatively stable and well-illuminated ...
off South Australia
South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the country. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories ...
, Tasmania
)
, nickname =
, image_map = Tasmania in Australia.svg
, map_caption = Location of Tasmania in AustraliaCoordinates:
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdi ...
, Victoria and Western Australia
Western Australia (commonly abbreviated as WA) is a state of Australia occupying the western percent of the land area of Australia excluding external territories. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to th ...
.
References
* Philippi, R.A. 1843. ''Abbildungen und Beschriebungen neuer oder wenig gekannter Conchylien''. Cassel : T. Fischer Vol. 1 pp. 21–76.
* Philippi, R.A. 1852. ''Trochidae''. pp. 233–248 in Küster, H.C. (ed). Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz. Nürnberg : Bauer & Raspe Vol. 2
* Adams, A. 1853. ''Contributions towards a monograph of the Trochidae, a family of gastropodous Mollusca.'' Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1851(19): 150-192
* Adams, H. & Adams, A. 1853. ''The genera of Recent Mollusca arranged according to their organization.'' London : John Van Voorst Vol. 1 pp. 1–256.
* Angas, G.F. 1865. ''On the marine molluscan fauna of the Province of South Australia, with a list of all the species known up to the present time, together with remarks on their habitats and distribution, etc''. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1865: 155-"180" (=190)
* Fischer, P. 1878. ''Genres Calcar, Trochus, Xenophora, Tectarius et Risella.'' pp. 241–336 in Keiner, L.C. (ed.). Spécies general et iconographie des coquilles vivantes. Paris : J.B. Baillière Vol. 11.
* Tenison-Woods, J.E. 1879. ''On some new Tasmanian marine shells''. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 1878: 32-40
* Brazier, J. 1886. ''Trochidae and other genera of Mollusca from Tasmania, with their synonyms. Part 1.'' Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 1886: 193-207
* Watson, R.B. 1886. ''Report on the Scaphopoda and Gastropoda collected by the H.M.S. "Challenger" during the years 1873-1876.'' Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger 1873–1876, Zoology 15(42): 756 pp., 50 pls
* Brazier, J. 1887. ''Trochidae and other genera of South Australia, with their synonyms''. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 9: 116-125
* Tate, R. & May, W.L. 1901. ''A revised census of the marine Mollusca of Tasmania''. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 26(3): 344-471
* Pritchard, G.B. & Gatliff, J.H. 1902. ''Catalogue of the marine shells of Victoria. Part V.'' Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 14(2): 85-138
* Hedley, C. 1916. ''A preliminary index of the Mollusca of Western Australia''. Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Western Australia 1: 152-226
* Chapman, F. 1920. ''Notes on a collection of Tertiary Fossils from Ooldea and Watson, South Australia''. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 32(2): 225–245, pls 16-17
* May, W.L. 1921. ''A Checklist of the Mollusca of Tasmania''. Hobart, Tasmania : Government Printer 114 pp.
* May, W.L. 1923. ''An Illustrated Index of Tasmanian Shells''. Hobart : Government Printer 100 pp.
* Thiele, J. 1930. ''Gastropoda und Bivalvia''. pp. 561–596 in Michaelsen, W. & Hartmayer, R. (eds). Die Fauna Südwest-Australiens. Jena : Gustav Fischer Vol. 5
* Cotton, B.C. & Godfrey, F.K. 1934. ''South Australian Shells. Part 11''. South Australian Naturalist 15(3): 77-92
* Cotton, B.C. 1938. ''The Joseph Banks Islands No 4. Mollusca. Part 2.'' Reports of the McCoy Society for Field Investigation and Research. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria ns 51(1): 159-176
* Cotton, B.C. 1959. ''South Australian Mollusca. Archaeogastropoda. Handbook of the Flora and Fauna of South Australia.'' Adelaide : South Australian Government Printer 449 pp.
* Macpherson, J.H. & Gabriel, C.J. 1962. ''Marine Molluscs of Victoria''. Melbourne : Melbourne University Press & National Museum of Victoria 475 pp.
* Ludbrook, N.H. 1978. ''Quaternary molluscs of the western part of the Eucla Basin.'' Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Western Australia 125: 1-286
* Wilson B. (1993) ''Australian marine shells. Prosobranch gastropods. Vol. 1.'' Odyssey Publishing, Kallaroo, Western Australia, 408 pp.
* Jansen, P. 1995. ''A review of the genus Clanculus Montfort, 1810 (Gastropoda: Trochidae) in Australia, with description of a new subspecies and the introduction of a nomen novum.'' Vita Marina 43(1-2): 39-62
External links
*
External links
Biodiversity Heritage Library (3 publications)
World Register of Marine Species
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5125671
dunkeri
Gastropods of Australia
Gastropods described in 1843