Cimișlia () is a district ( ro, raion) in southern Moldova, situated between the capital of

Chișinău Chișinău ( , , ), also known as Kishinev (russian: Кишинёв, r=Kishinjóv ), is the Capital city, capital and largest city of the Republic of Moldova. The city is Moldova's main industrial and commercial center, and is located in the ...

and the autonomous territorial unit of

Gagauzia Gagauzia or Gagauz-Yeri, or ; ro, Găgăuzia; russian: Гагаузия, Gagauziya officially the Autonomous Territorial Unit of Gagauzia; ro, Unitatea Teritorială Autonomă Găgăuzia, ''UTAG''; russian: Автономное территор ...

( ro, Găgăuzia), with its administrative center ( ro, Oraș-reședință) being the town of

Cimișlia Cimișlia () is a town located in the southern part of Moldova situated on the banks of the Cogâlnic River, between the capital of Chișinău and the autonomous territorial unit of Gagauzia ( ro, Găgăuzia). Cimişlia had a population of 11 ...

. On 1 January 2011, its population was officially recorded to be 61,700.

History

The earliest documented locations are Sagaidac, Javgur and

Gura Galbenei Gura Galbenei is a village in Cimișlia District, Moldova Moldova ( , ; ), officially the Republic of Moldova ( ro, Republica Moldova), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the no ...

, first mentioned from 1605 to 1670. The district was settled by Moldovans, unlike Leova District to the west. During the 17th and 18th centuries agriculture (primarily wine-making) predominated, with a significant increase in population. In 1812, after the Russo-Turkish War,

Bessarabia Bessarabia (; Gagauz: ''Besarabiya''; Romanian: ''Basarabia''; Ukrainian: ''Бессара́бія'') is a historical region in Eastern Europe, bounded by the Dniester river on the east and the Prut river on the west. About two thirds of Be ...

was released Russian Empire until 1917. In 1918, after the collapse of the Russian Empire, Bessarabia united with Romania; from 1918–1940 and 1941–1944, the district was part of Lăpușna County. In 1940, following the Molotov-Ribbentrop Treaty, Bessarabia was released the Soviet Union. In 1991, as a result of the

independence of Moldova The independence of Moldova was officially recognized on 2 March 1992, when Moldova gained membership of the United Nations. The nation had declared its independence from the Soviet Union on 27 August 1991, and was a co-founder of the post-Soviet ...

, the district was part of Lăpușna County until 2003 (when it became an administrative unit of Moldova).

Geography

The district is located in the southern Republic of Moldova. It is bordered by

Hîncești District Hîncești () is a district ( ro, raion) of Moldova, with the city of Hîncești as its administrative center. As of 1 January 2011, its population was 122,000. History The district has been inhabited since the Stone Age (40,000–30,000 BC). ...

and

Ialoveni District Ialoveni () is a district ( ro, raion) in the central part of Moldova, with the administrative center at Ialoveni. As of 1 January 2011, its population was 99,100. History Localities with the oldest documentary attestation of the district are: ...

on the north, Căușeni District on the east and

Basarabeasca District Basarabeasca () is a district ( ro, raion) in the south of Moldova, with the administrative center at Basarabeasca. History From 1393 to 1538, the region was part of the principality of Moldavia. In the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, the region ...

and the Ukraine border on the south. The northern part of the district is hilly, where the

Central Moldavian Plateau The Central Moldavian Plateau ( ro, Podişul Moldovei Centrale), or ''Codru Massif'' ( ro, Masivul Codru) is a geographic area in Moldova. It is the central and SE part of the Moldavian Plateau. It has elevations that in the N-S direction decrease ...

rises to ; elevations in the rest of the district rang from . Erosion is not a serious problem.

Climate

Cimişlia District has a temperate continental climate with an average annual temperature of . The July average temperature is , and in January. Annual precipitation is . The average wind speed is .

Fauna

The district has typical European fauna, with mammals such as

fox Foxes are small to medium-sized, omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the family Canidae. They have a flattened skull, upright, triangular ears, a pointed, slightly upturned snout, and a long bushy tail (or ''brush''). Twelve sp ...

es, hedgehogs, deer, wild boar, polecat, wild cat and ermine.

Birds Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweigh ...

include partridge, crows,

eagle Eagle is the common name for many large birds of prey of the family Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of genera, some of which are closely related. Most of the 68 species of eagle are from Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just ...

s, starlings and swallows.

Flora

Forests of the district include oak,

ash Ash or ashes are the solid remnants of fires. Specifically, ''ash'' refers to all non-aqueous, non- gaseous residues that remain after something burns. In analytical chemistry, to analyse the mineral and metal content of chemical samples, ash ...

, hornbeam, linden, maple and walnut. Plants include

wormwood Wormwood may refer to: Biology * Several plants of the genus ''Artemisia'': ** ''Artemisia abrotanum'', southern wormwood ** '' Artemisia absinthium'', common wormwood, grande wormwood or absinthe wormwood ** ''Artemisia annua'', sweet wormwood o ...

knotweed Knotweed is a common name for plants in several genera in the family Polygonaceae. Knotweed may refer to: * ''Fallopia'' * ''Persicaria'' * ''Polygonum'' * ''Reynoutria japonica ''Reynoutria japonica'', synonyms ''Fallopia japonica'' and ''Poly ...

fescue ''Festuca'' (fescue) is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the grass family Poaceae (subfamily Pooideae). They are evergreen or herbaceous perennial tufted grasses with a height range of and a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring on every ...

and nettles.

Water

The district is in the Black Sea basin, and the main river is the

Cogâlnic The Cogâlnic (also Cogîlnic, Kogylnik, Kogîlnic, Kohylnyk, or Kunduk) is a 243 km river in Moldova and south-western Ukraine. The Cogâlnic rises in the hills of Nisporeni District in the Codri region west of the Moldovan capital, Chișinău ...

. Most lakes are man-made.

Administrative subdivisions

*Localities: 39 *Administrative center: Cimişlia *City: Cimişlia *Communes: 16 *Villages: 22

Demographics

On 1 January 2012 the district's population was 61,300, of which 23.2 percent was urban and 76.8 percent was rural. * Births (2010): 570 (9.2 per 1000) * Deaths (2010): 830 (13.4 per 1000) *Growth rate (2010): -260 (-4.2 per 1000)

Ethnic groups

''Footnote'': * There is an ongoing controversy regarding the ethnic identification of Moldovans and Romanians.

Religion

* Christians - 98.0% **

Orthodox Christians Orthodoxy (from Greek: ) is adherence to correct or accepted creeds, especially in religion. Orthodoxy within Christianity refers to acceptance of the doctrines defined by various creeds and ecumenical councils in Antiquity, but different Churc ...

- 96.0% ** Protestant - 2.0% *** Seventh-day Adventists - 1.2% ***

Baptists Baptists form a major branch of Protestantism distinguished by baptizing professing Christian believers only ( believer's baptism), and doing so by complete immersion. Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the doctrines of soul compe ...

- 0.8% *Other - 1.2% *None 0.8%

Economy

The district has 10,856 registered businesses.

Agricultural Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating Plant, plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of Sedentism, sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of Domestication, domesticated species created food ...

land comprises , 59.6 percent of the total land area. Arable land is , 49.4 percent of the total land area. Orchards make up (2.5 percent),

vineyards A vineyard (; also ) is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes and non-alcoholic grape juice. The science, practice and study of vineyard production is known as viticulture. Vineyards ...

(7 percent) and

pastures Pasture (from the Latin ''pastus'', past participle of ''pascere'', "to feed") is land used for grazing. Pasture lands in the narrow sense are enclosed tracts of farmland, grazed by domesticated livestock, such as horses, cattle, sheep, or swine ...

(12.9 percent of total area).

Education

The district has 34 schools, with a total enrollment of 9,079 children (including 300

professional school Professional development is learning to earn or maintain professional credentials such as academic degrees to formal coursework, attending conferences, and informal learning opportunities situated in practice. It has been described as intensive ...

students). There are 740 teachers.

Politics

The district favors centre-right parties, particularly the AEI (which has increased 120.7 percent in support in the last three elections). The

PCRM The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) is a non-profit research and advocacy organization based in Washington, D.C., which promotes a plant-based diet, preventive medicine, and alternatives to animal research, and encourages ...

has lost ground in the last three elections.

Elections

, - !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=center colspan="2" valign=center, Parties and coalitions !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=Votes !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=% !style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=+/− , - , , align=left, Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova , align="right", 10,084 , align="right", 38.89 , align="right", −5.09 , - , , align=left, Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova , align="right", 8,738 , align="right", 33.70 , align="right", +17.19 , - , , align=left, Democratic Party of Moldova , align="right", 4,003 , align="right", 15,44 , align="right", -0.66 , - , , align=left, Liberal Party , align="right", 1,805 , align="right", 6.96 , align="right", −2.37 , - , bgcolor=#0033cc, , align=left, European Action Movement , align="right", 266 , align="right", 1.03 , align="right", +1.03 , - , bgcolor="grey", , align=left, Other parties , align="right", 1,271 , align="right", 3.98 , align="right", -10.10 , - , align=left style="background-color:#E9E9E9" colspan="2", Total (turnout 57.25%) , width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 26,191 , width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9", 100.00 , width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9",

Culture

The district has a museum, 15 works of art, 14

musical ensemble A musical ensemble, also known as a music group or musical group, is a group of people who perform instrumental and/or vocal music, with the ensemble typically known by a distinct name. Some music ensembles consist solely of instrumentalists, ...

s and 39 public libraries.

Healthcare

The district has a 200-bed

hospital A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment with specialized health science and auxiliary healthcare staff and medical equipment. The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which typically has an emerge ...

, a 14-office family-practice center and six

health center A healthcare center, health center, or community health center is one of a network of clinics staffed by a group of general practitioners and nurses providing healthcare services to people in a certain area. Typical services covered are family pr ...

s. There are 65 doctors, 217 personal-care aides and 115 auxiliary medical personnel.

References

Rezultatele alegerilor din 28 noiembrie 2010 în raionul Cimişlia
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cimislia District Districts of Moldova