The Bolshaya Chukochya or Chukochya (russian: Большая Чукочья; ckt, Рэвум-Рэву, ''Revum-Revu'') is a river in the

Sakha Republic Sakha, officially the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia),, is the largest republic of Russia, located in the Russian Far East, along the Arctic Ocean, with a population of roughly 1 million. Sakha comprises half of the area of its governing Far Eas ...

(Yakutia) of the

Russian Federation Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...

. It is long, and has a drainage basin of .

Course

It has its sources in Lake Usun-Kyuel and crosses the tundra roughly northeastwards. In its lower course it flows south of

Lake Bolshoye Morskoye Bolshoye Morskoye or Mainychin Ankavatyn (russian: Большое Морское; sah, Майнычин-Анкаватын, ''Maynıçın-Ankavatın'') is a freshwater lake in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia. Lying in the tundra of northeas ...

. Finally it flows into the

Kolyma Gulf The Kolyma Gulf ( Yakut: Халыма хомото, ''Xalıma xomoto''; Russian: Колымский залив, ''Kolymskiy Zaliv'') is the largest gulf of the East Siberian Sea. Geography The gulf is more than 300 km wide. Its limits are th ...

of the

East Siberian Sea The East Siberian Sea ( rus, Восто́чно-Сиби́рское мо́ре, r=Vostochno-Sibirskoye more) is a marginal sea in the Arctic Ocean. It is located between the Arctic Cape to the north, the coast of Siberia to the south, the New Si ...

west of the mouths of the

Kolyma Kolyma (russian: Колыма́, ) is a region located in the Russian Far East. It is bounded to the north by the East Siberian Sea and the Arctic Ocean, and by the Sea of Okhotsk to the south. The region gets its name from the Kolyma River an ...

. Owing to its extreme northerly location the Bolshaya Chukochya freezes up in early October and remains icebound until June. The Bolshaya Chukochya basin is located between the basins of the

Alazeya The Alazeya ( rus, Алазея, r=; sah, Алаһыай, translit=Alahıay) is a river in the northeastern part of Yakutia, Russia which flows into the Arctic between the basins of the larger Indigirka to the west and the Kolyma to the east. Mou ...

and the Kolyma. There are study sites near the Bolshaya Chukochya in order to investigate the mineral transformations in the soils affected by

permafrost Permafrost is ground that continuously remains below 0 °C (32 °F) for two or more years, located on land or under the ocean. Most common in the Northern Hemisphere, around 15% of the Northern Hemisphere or 11% of the global surface ...

Tributaries

The main tributaries of the Bolshaya Chukochya are the long Olyor (Олёр) and the long Semen-Yuryakh (Семен-Юрях) on the left, as well as the long Savva-Yuryakh (Савва-Юрях) on the right. There are more than 11,500 lakes in the Bolshaya Chukochya basin, totaling an area of .

Ecology

The Kolyma Lowland, the area where the Bolshaya Chukochya flows, has many lakes and marshes. A great variety of birds, like

Siberian crane The Siberian crane (''Leucogeranus leucogeranus''), also known as the Siberian white crane or the snow crane, is a bird of the family Gruidae, the cranes. They are distinctive among the cranes: adults are nearly all snowy white, except for their ...

wader 245px, A flock of Dunlins and Red knots">Red_knot.html" ;"title="Dunlins and Red knot">Dunlins and Red knots Waders or shorebirds are birds of the order Charadriiformes commonly found wikt:wade#Etymology 1, wading along shorelines and mudflat ...

s and

sandpiper Sandpipers are a large family, Scolopacidae, of waders. They include many species called sandpipers, as well as those called by names such as curlew and snipe. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. ...

s, make their habitat in this riverine area. Fossil insects, early

Pleistocene The Pleistocene ( , often referred to as the ''Ice age'') is the geological Epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 2,580,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations. Before a change was fina ...

equid Equidae (sometimes known as the horse family) is the taxonomic family of horses and related animals, including the extant horses, asses, and zebras, and many other species known only from fossils. All extant species are in the genus '' Equus'', w ...

s and

mammoth A mammoth is any species of the extinct elephantid genus ''Mammuthus'', one of the many genera that make up the order of trunked mammals called proboscideans. The various species of mammoth were commonly equipped with long, curved tusks and, ...

s have been found in the basin of the Bolshaya Chukochya.Fossil Coleoptera

Early Pleistocene equids (Perissodactyla)

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Course

Tributaries

Ecology

See also

References

Further reading