''Chrysosporium'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of hyaline

hyphomycetes Hyphomycetes are a form classification of fungi, part of what has often been referred to as fungi imperfecti, Deuteromycota, or anamorphic fungi. Hyphomycetes lack closed fruit bodies, and are often referred to as moulds (or molds). Most hyphom ...

fungi A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...

in the family

Onygenaceae The Onygenaceae are a family (biology), family of fungi in the Ascomycota, class Eurotiomycetes. Genera These are the genera that are in the Onygenaceae, according to a 2021 review of fungal classification. Following the genus name is the Author ...

. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or

granular Granularity (also called graininess), the condition of existing in granules or grains, refers to the extent to which a material or system is composed of distinguishable pieces. It can either refer to the extent to which a larger entity is subd ...

surface texture.

Hyaline A hyaline substance is one with a glassy appearance. The word is derived from el, ὑάλινος, translit=hyálinos, lit=transparent, and el, ὕαλος, translit=hýalos, lit=crystal, glass, label=none. Histopathology Hyaline cartilage is ...

, one-celled ( ameroconidia) are produced directly on vegetative

hyphae A hypha (; ) is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium. Structure A hypha consists of one or ...

by non-specialized conidiogenous cells. Conidia are typically

pyriform Piriform, sometimes ''pyriform'', means pear-shaped (from Latin ''pirum'' "pear" and ''forma'' "shape"). It may also refer to: Going pear-shaped * Going wrong or going pear-shaped Anatomy * Piriform aperture, more commonly known as anterior n ...

clavate This glossary of entomology describes terms used in the formal study of insect species by entomologists. A–C A synthetic chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide, toxic to vertebrates. Though i ...

with

truncate In mathematics and computer science, truncation is limiting the number of digits right of the decimal point. Truncation and floor function Truncation of positive real numbers can be done using the floor function. Given a number x \in \mathbb ...

bases (6 to 7 by 3.5 to 4 um) and are formed either

intercalary Intercalation may refer to: *Intercalation (chemistry), insertion of a molecule (or ion) into layered solids such as graphite *Intercalation (timekeeping), insertion of a leap day, week or month into some calendar years to make the calendar follo ...

(

arthroconidia Arthroconidia are a type of fungal spore typically produced by segmentation of pre-existing fungal hyphae. Background These spores are asexual and are generally not as durable and environmentally persistent as, for instance, bacterial endospores o ...

), laterally (often on

pedicels In botany, a pedicel is a stem that attaches a single flower to the inflorescence. Such inflorescences are described as ''pedicellate''. Description Pedicel refers to a structure connecting a single flower to its inflorescence. In the absenc ...

), or terminally.

Clinical significance

Species of ''Chrysosporium'' are occasionally isolated from skin and nail scrapings, especially from feet, but, because they are common soil saprotrophs, they are usually considered as contaminants. There are about 22 species of Chrysosporium, several are keratinophilic with some also being thermotolerant, and cultures may closely resemble some

dermatophytes Dermatophyte (from Greek '' derma'' "skin" (GEN ''dermatos'') and ''phyton'' "plant") is a common label for a group of fungus of ''Arthrodermataceae'' that commonly causes skin disease in animals and humans. Traditionally, these anamorphic (as ...

, especially ''

Trichophyton mentagrophytes ''Trichophyton mentagrophytes'' is a species in the fungal genus ''Trichophyton''. It is one of three common fungi which cause ringworm in companion animals. It is also the second-most commonly isolated fungus causing tinea infections in humans, ...

'', and some strains may also resemble cultures of

Histoplasma ''Histoplasma'' is a genus of dimorphic fungi commonly found in bird and bat fecal material. ''Histoplasma'' contains a few species, including—''Histoplasma capsulatum''—the causative agent of histoplasmosis; and ''Histoplasma capsulatum var ...

and

Blastomyces ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

. ''Chrysosporium'' has been identified as an

emerging infectious disease An emerging infectious disease (EID) is an infectious disease whose incidence has increased recently (in the past 20 years), and could increase in the near future. The minority that are capable of developing efficient transmission between human ...

, first in Canada affecting

reptile Reptiles, as most commonly defined are the animals in the class Reptilia ( ), a paraphyletic grouping comprising all sauropsids except birds. Living reptiles comprise turtles, crocodilians, squamates (lizards and snakes) and rhynchocephalians ( ...

s at around 1995. It infected eastern massasauga rattlesnakes (

Sistrurus catenatus catenatus The massasauga (''Sistrurus catenatus'') is a rattlesnake species found in midwestern North America from southern Ontario to northern Mexico and parts of the United States in between. Like all rattlesnakes, it is a pit viper and is venomous. Th ...

). By 2011, it had affected northern copperheads (

Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen ''Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen'' was formerly a venomous pit viper subspecies found in the eastern United States. However, recent taxonomic changes do not recognize the northern copperhead (''A. c. mokasen'') as a valid taxon. New taxonomy The ...

timber rattlesnake The timber rattlesnake, canebrake rattlesnake, or banded rattlesnake (''Crotalus horridus'') Wright AH, Wright AA (1957). ''Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada''. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates, a division of ...

black rat snake Black rat snake may refer to: *'' Pantherophis alleghaniensis'', the eastern ratsnake * '' Pantherophis spiloides'', the central ratsnake *''Pantherophis obsoletus ''Pantherophis obsoletus'', also known commonly as the western rat snake, black ...

s, black racer snakes and

eastern garter snake The eastern garter snake (''Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis'') is a medium-sized snake indigenous to North America. Taxonomy and etymology The scientific name ''Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis'' is a combination of Ancient Greek and New Latin that mea ...

s in New Jersey.

Species

*'' Chrysosporium alboluteolum'' *''

Chrysosporium alvearium ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium articulatum'' *'' Chrysosporium barabicum'' *''

Chrysosporium botryoides ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium carmichaelii'' *''

Chrysosporium chiropterorum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium christchurchicum'' *'' Chrysosporium clavisporum'' *'' Chrysosporium crassitunicatum'' *''

Chrysosporium echinulatum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium europae'' *''

Chrysosporium fermentatitritici ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes Fungus, fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hy ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium filiforme'' *'' Chrysosporium fluviale'' *''

Chrysosporium foetidum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium georgiae ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes Fungus, fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hy ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium globiferum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium gourii ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes Fungus, fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hy ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium guizhouense ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium hirundinis'' *''

Chrysosporium hispanicum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes Fungus, fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hy ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium holmii'' *'' Chrysosporium hubeiense'' *''

Chrysosporium inops ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium jingzhouense ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium kreiselii ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium kuzurovianum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes Fungus, fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hy ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium leigongshanense'' *'' Chrysosporium linfenense'' *''

Chrysosporium lobatum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes Fungus, fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hy ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium lucknowense ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium magnisporum'' *''

Chrysosporium medium ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium mephiticum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium merdarium'' *'' Chrysosporium minus'' *''

Chrysosporium minutisporosum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium oceanitis ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes Fungus, fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hy ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium olivaceum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium osteophilum'' *''

Chrysosporium pannicola ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium pollaceii ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium pseudomerdarium'' *''

Chrysosporium pyriforme ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium qinghaiense ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium queenslandicum'' *'' Chrysosporium sanyaense'' *'' Chrysosporium sepedonioides'' *''

Chrysosporium sepedonium ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium serratum'' *'' Chrysosporium shanxiense'' *'' Chrysosporium siglerae'' *''

Chrysosporium sinense ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium speluncarum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium spinosum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium spinulosum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium submersum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium sulphureum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium synchronum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes Fungus, fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hy ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium tropicum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium tuberculatum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, ...

'' *''

Chrysosporium undulatum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, ...

'' *'' Chrysosporium vallenarense'' *''

Chrysosporium zonatum ''Chrysosporium'' is a genus of hyaline hyphomycetes fungi in the family Onygenaceae. ''Chrysosporium'' colonies are moderately fast-growing, flat, white to tan to beige in color; they often have a powdery or granular surface texture. Hyaline, o ...

References

Animal fungal diseases Mycosis-related cutaneous conditions Deuteromycota Onygenales Taxa described in 1833 Taxa named by August Carl Joseph Corda Eurotiomycetes genera {{Eurotiomycetes-stub